Unit2+grammar

人教版必修一unit2Englisharoundtheworld,Discoveringusefulstructures,直接引语是陈述句如果引用的句子原来是一个陈述句，变为间接引语时，在引语的开头用连词that来引导（在口语中that常省去），要注意从句中的人称、时态、代词、状语等相应变化。如：“Youarereallymybestfriend,”Tomsaidtome.“Iwillcomehereagaintomorrow,”hesaid.Hesaid,”Thebestseed-headsshouldbehunguptodry.”,step1,revision,TomsaidthatIwasreallyhisbestfriend.,Hesaidhewouldgothereagainthenextday.,Hesaidthatthebestseed-headsshouldbehunguptodry.,2.直接引语是疑问句,（1）如果引用的句子原来是一个一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，须用从属连词if或whether来引导（不再用that作连词）；Heasked,“Isitrainingnow?”(2)直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，原疑问句中的疑问词who,whose,what,which,where,why,how等就成了引导间接引语的连词：Themanaskedme,“Howoldareyou?”,Revision,Heaskedwhether/ifitwasrainingthen.,ThemanaskedmehowoldIwas.,(3)原直接引语中的疑问语序在间接引语中变为陈述语序；(4)直接引语中的问号变成了句号；（5）人称、时态、状语等也相应变化。Theyaskedhim,“Whendoyouharvestthewheat?”Iaskedtheman,“whoareyou?”Theteacheraskedher,“whydidyoucome?”,Revision,Theyaskedhimwhenheharvestedthewheat.,Iaskedthemanwhohewas.,Theteacherwonderedwhyshehadcome.,CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading?Letsseehowtoretelltheminindirectspeech.,“Lookatthisexample,”theteachersaidtous.“Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?”sheasked.,step2,Theteachertoldustolookatthatexample.,Sheaskedmetoseeherflat.,InEnglishyouuseacommandorarequestwhenyouwantsomeonetodosomething.Pleaselookatthethreesentencesandtellthedifference.,Command,Request,Notpolite,Verypolite,Openthewindow.,Pleaseopenthewindow.,Wouldyoupleaseopenthewindow?,LookattheseexpressionsandclassifythemintoCommandsandRequests.,Correctyourspellingmistakes.Howdoyouspellthatplease?Dothatnow!Wouldyoupleasespeakmoreslowly?Goandbuysomemorepetrol!PleaseGoand!CanIplease?CanIsithereandwaitforthedoctor?Wouldyouplease?Holdthatelevator!Saythatagain!Couldyourepeatthesentence?Takethedogforawalk!,转述祈使句的时候，要将祈使句的动词原型变为动词不定式并在动词不定式前根据句子的意思用tell(命令)，ask（请求），order(命令)等及物动词加宾语。如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前面加not.如：,Hesaidtothegirl,“Doitatonce.”“Bequiet!”Itoldthechildren.Hesaidtofarmers,“Dothingsattherighttimeoftheyear.”“Dontgrowplantsinthesameplaceyearafteryear.”thefarmersaid.,如何将祈使句变为间接引语,Heorderedthegirltodoitatonce.,Itoldthechildrentobequiet.,Hetoldfarmerstodothingsattherighttimeoftheyear.,Thefarmertoldmenottogrowplantsinthesameplaceyearafteryear.,注意：有些句子虽以疑问形式出现，但并非提出疑问，而是表示请求、建议、劝告等意思。这种问句通常也采取ask,advise+宾语不定式来转为间接英语引语。如：,“Couldyoulendmeabike?”hesaid.“Wouldyoumindwaitingamoment?”hesaid.“Whydontyougotherebyplane?”hesaid.“Whatabouthavingawalk?”hesaid.,Heaskedmetolendhimmybike.,Heaskedmetowaitamoment.,Headvisedmetogotherebyplane.,Hesuggestedhavingawalk.,P12.3.Readthesesentencesanddecidewhichisacommandandwhichisarequest.Thenretelltheminindirectspeech.,Thechildrensaidtotheirteacher:“Wouldyoupleasesingasongforus?”2.Themothersaidtoherchild:“Turnofftheradio!”3.Thedentistsaidtoapatient:“Openyourmouthplease,soIcanseethebadtoothclearly.”,Exercise,Thechildrenaskedtheirteachertosingasongforthem.(request),Themothertoldherchildtoturnofftheradio.(command),Thedentistaskedhis/herpatienttoopenhis/hermouthsothathe/shecouldseethebadtoothclearly.(request),P12.3.Readthesesentencesanddecidewhichisacommandandwhichisarequest.Thenretelltheminindirectspeech.,4.Thesecretarysaidtothewomanonthephone:“Couldyouholdonforaminute?”5.Johnsaidtohisclassmate:“CanIborrowyourpenplease?”6.Theteachersaidtohisstudent:“Comeuptomyoffice!”,Exercise,Thesecretarya