八年级英语上册 单词巧学妙记 第9组素材 人教新目标版

第9组come along 来；随同【例句】Would you like to come along? 你要一起来吗？Come along, Ill show you to your room. 走吧，我带你到你房间去。【用法】come in（进来）；come on（快点）；come from（来自）；come down（下来）returnv. 回来；归还【例句】I cant go out until my mother returns. 妈妈回来之前我不能出去。 Will you return my car key? 你把汽车钥匙还给我好吗？【助记】re（前缀，又、再） turn（转动）再次转动return（回来）cookien. 小甜饼【例句】Here are some cookies. Help yourselves. 这里有些甜饼。随便吃。Do you like cookies or cakes? 你是喜欢小甜饼还是喜欢蛋糕？【助记】cook（烹调）iecookie（小甜饼）leavebehind 把遗留在(留下)【例句】Dont leave anything behind. 不要落下任何东西。I left behind my bag on the chair. 我把包忘在椅子上了。hold a sports meeting 举行运动会【例句】Last week No. 14 Middle School held a sports meeting on the playground. 上周十四中在操场举行了一场运动会。We hold a class meeting every week. 我们每周举行一次班会。【用法】hold作“举行”讲与have可以互换，另外sports用作复数常译为“运动会”。racen. 赛跑 100-metre race 100米赛跑【短语】the 100-metre race 100米赛跑【例句】He came second in the 100-metre race. 他在百米赛跑中获得第二名。winv.（won, winning）获胜；赢【例句】who won the race? 谁赢得了比赛?I didnt think we would win.我没有想到我们会赢。【用法】won是win的过去式。当win意思是“赢得”时，其宾语可以是the race, the game, the match, the war等；当win的意思是“说服（过来）；争取（过来）”时，其宾语可以是“人”。例如：We have won him over to our side. 我们把他争取过来了。In the game we won by 3 to 2.在这场比赛中，我们以3比2获胜。high jump 跳高【例句】I did very well in the high jump. 我在跳高比赛中跳得很好。long jump 跳远【例句】I hurt my leg in the long jump. 我在跳远比赛中扭伤了腿。Are you in the long jump or the high jump in the sports meeting？你在运动会上参加跳远还是跳高比赛？neckn. 颈；脖子【例句】I fell and hurt my neck last week. 因为上周我跌了一跤，摔伤了脖子。Lily and Lucy are neck and neck in the 100-metre race. 在百米赛跑中莉莉和露西并驾齐驱。activeadj. 积极的 take an active part in 积极参加【例句】Do you take an active part in it? 你积极参加运动会吗？We all take part in the sports.我们都参加了体育活动。【助记】act（行动）ive（常见形容词后缀）active（积极的）【用法】take part in意为“参加（某种活动）”。在该词组中part前不用冠，但在take an active part in中，须加不定冠词。take part in指“参加”活动，join指“参加”某个团体或组织。例如：My brother joined the Party last year.我哥哥去年加入了党。relayn. 接力；赛跑【例句】Who won the girls relay? 谁赢了女子接力赛？I was in a relay race in the sports meeting yesterday. 在昨天的运动会上我参加了接力赛跑。【助记】re（前缀，再，又）lay（放置）再一次将接力棒传递放到对方手中relay（接力）startingfinishing line 起跑/终点线【例句】Mr. Hu stood at the starting line. 胡先生站在起跑线上。Han Meimei was the first one to get the finishing line. 韩梅梅是第一个到达终点线。runnern. 赛跑的人【例句】All the runners got ready to run. 所有的运动员都已经做好了起跑准备。The first runner is from Class Two. 第一个赛跑选手是二班的。【助记】run（跑）n（双写）er（常见表示“人”的后缀）runner（赛跑的人）loudadj. 大声的；响亮的 loudlyadv. 大声地；高声地【例句】Everyone began to shout very loudly. 每个人都开始大声叫喊。He always speaks in a loud voice. 他总是大声讲话。【助记】loud（adj.大声的）ly（副词后缀）loudly（adv. 大声地）lapn.（况赛场的）一圈【例句】On the first lap, Class 3 were in front. 第一圈时，三班跑在前面。At the third lap Jim fell behind the others. 在第三圈时吉姆落在了别人的后面。pass on 传递；转移到【例句】I passed the salt on to my mother. 我把盐递给妈妈。Please pass on the book to him. 请把这本书递给他。【用法】pass onto“把传递给”，其中on为副词，因此宾语为代词时只能放在on的前面，宾语为名词时可放在on的前面，也可以放在on的后面。例如：Here is Li Pings watch. Please pass it on to him. 这是李平的手表，请递给他。stickn. 棒；棍【例句】Li Lei quickly passed the stick on to Jim. 李雷迅速把接力棒传给了吉姆。Jims stick dropped on the ground. 吉姆的接力棒掉到了地上。catch up with 赶上【例句】He began to catch up with Jim. 他开始追上吉姆了。Youve missed two week, so youll have to work hard to catch up with the others.你已经缺了两个星期（的课程）了，你得努力学习才能赶上其他人。neck and neck （况赛等）并驾齐驱【例句】Yu Yan and Jim were neck and neck. 于岩和吉姆已经不分上下。asas 与一样【例句】Class 3 was as fast as Class 1. 三班和一班跑得一样快了。This flower is as beautiful as that one.这朵花同那朵花一样漂亮。【用法】asas“与一样”，表示比较的双方程度在某方面相同。中间用形容词或副词原级。例如：I jump as far as he.我同他跳得一样远。asas的否定句型为not as/soas，意为“与不一样”。例如：A bike cant run as fast as a car.自行车跑得没有小汽车快。a moment later 片刻之后【例句】A moment later, the Class 4 runner fell and hurt his leg. 不久，四班的选手摔倒了，腿摔伤了。Kate caught up with others a moment later. 过了一会，凯特赶上了其他人。go on doing（sth） 继续（某）事【例句】But he quickly got up and went on running.但他马上爬起来，又继续跑。A moment later, they went on talking and laughing.一会儿后，他们又继续说笑。【用法】go on doing sth.继续做某事或坚持不懈地做某事。例如：He was tired but he went on working.他非常疲倦却仍在坚持工作。go on to do sth.继续做某事，完成一件，继续做另一件事。例如Weve finished Lesson 1. Lets go on to study Lesson 2.我们学完了第一课，让我们继续学习第二课。go on with sth.继续做某事，with后常接名词或动名词。例如I have to go on with the work next week.我下周还得继续这项工作。fall behind 落在（）后面；输给别人【例句】He stopped to get it and of course fell behind. 他停下来拣起它，当然就落后了。He didnt want to fall behind others. 他不想落在别人后面。winnern. 获胜者【例句】Class 3 were the winners! 三班是获胜者!Who was the winner of the 400-metre race? 谁是400米跑的获胜者。【助记】win（胜利）n（双写）er（常见表示“人”的后缀）winner（获胜者）well done 做得好【例句】Well done, everyone!大家都表现得很好!Well done, everyone! Congratulations! 各位，干得好！祝贺你们！congratulationn.（常用复数）祝贺；庆贺【例句】It was your birthday today? Congratulation. 今天你生日吗？恭喜！Congratulations to you on your good result! 向你取得的好成绩表示祝贺！【用法】congratulation名词，意为“祝贺，庆贺”。常用作复数congratulations。Congratulations to sb. on sth.doing sth.意为：祝贺某人某事。not assoas 与不一样【例句】Lin Tao is not as tall as Wu Dong. 林涛和吴东不一样高。Bill didnt run as fast as John. 比尔没有约翰跑得快。ratheradv. 相当【例句】Lily didnt do well. She did rather badly. 莉莉没有表现好，她表现得相当差。Its rather too hot today. 今天确实太热了。【用法】rather副词，意为“相当，很”，与very和quite意思相同。例如：Shes a rather good player.她是个相当好的队员。rather还可以接比较级或用在too前面。例如：He did rather better this time.这次他做的好多了。hoorayinterj.（=hurray）好哇；加油loudspeakern. 扬声器；扩音器【例句】Listen to the loudspeaker. 听广播。The loudspeaker says the sports meeting will hold next week. 广播里说运动会将在下周举行。【助记】loud（高声的）speaker（说话者）loudspeaker（扬声器）resultn. 结果【例句】I think Mr. Hu is going to tell us the results right now. 我想胡先生现在就要宣布比赛结果了。We are very pleased with the result. 对这个结果我们很高兴。dancev. 跳舞【例句】I dance not so well as my mother. 我的舞跳得没有我妈妈好。Lucy likes dancing very much. 露西非常喜欢跳舞。headteachern. 校长【例句】I met our headteacher at the school gate. 我在学校大门处碰见了校长。Stop talking! The headteacher is coming. 停止讲话，校长过来了。【助记】head（头的，主要的）teacher（老师）为头的老师headteacher（校长）take turns 轮流【例句】Take turns to ask questions. 轮流问问题。Why not take turns to clean the classroom? 为什么不轮流打扫教室？【用法】take构成的短语：take away（拿走）；take to（把带走）；take a walk（散步）；take a look（看一看）；take a rest（拍照）do ones best 尽最大努力；尽力【例句】I know you did your best, and thats whats important. 我知道你尽力了，那才是最重要的。Well do our best to finish it on time. 我们将尽最大努力按时完成这项工作。【用法】do ones best尽最大努力。同义短语为：try ones best。例如：She tried her best to take care of us.她尽量设法把我们照顾好。personn. 人【例句】Here came a famous person. 来了一个名人。She is a warm-hearted person. 她是个热心肠的人。【助记】per（每一个）son（儿子）都是person（人）。【用法】person可数名词，其复数形式为persons。它的同义词people（人们），单复数同形，其一般不用作单数。people作“人民”解释时，前面要加写冠词the。speedn. 迅速；速度【例句】The car runs at a speed of eighty miles an hour. 那辆汽车以每小时80英里的速度行驶。The train is running at a speed of 100 kilometres an hour. 火车正在以每小时100公里的速度跑着。thoughtn. 思考；想法；思想【例句】Business the Speed of Thought.未来时速数字种位系统和商务思维Please tell us what your thought is. 请告诉我们你的想法。technologyn. 技术；工艺学【例句】It tells us how computer technology can solve business problems in new ways. 它告诉我们计算机技术如何用新方法解决商业中的问题。【助记】techn（词根，工艺，技术）ology（名缀，学问）best-sellern.畅销货（书）【例句】It was one of the best-sellers on the New York Times list. 这本书是纽约时报统计出的最畅销的书之一。Which kind of computer is the best-sellers? 哪种电脑最畅销？interestedadj. 感兴趣的 be interested in 对感兴趣【例句】Once he was interested in a very old computer. 他曾经对一台非常旧的计算机感兴趣。Most of us are interested in maths.我们当中大部分人对数学感兴趣。【助记】interest（兴趣）ed（名词变形容词）interested（对感兴趣）【用法】be interested in意思是“对感兴趣”。interested表示“对某事赶兴趣的”，主语常为人；interesting表示“有兴趣的，使人感兴趣的”。主语常为“物”。例如：Pop music is very interesting.流行音乐非常有趣。futuren. 将来；未来 in the future 将来【例句】When people asked him what he wanted to be in the future, he always said,“A scientist.” 每当人们问他将来想做什么时，他总是回答说：“科学家。”No one knows what will happen in the future.没有人知道未来会发生什么事。largeadj. 大的；（数量）多的【例句】At that time, computers were very large machines. 那时候，计算机是非常庞大的机器。London is one of the largest cities in England. 伦敦是英国最大的城市之一。spendv. （spent, spending）花（时间、钱）；度过【例句】How much money do you spend each month? 你每月花多少钱？Jim spent little time finishing the work.吉姆没花多少时间就完成了这项工作。【用法】spend (in) doing sth.是一个常用句型，意思是“某人在花费时间（金钱）”。例如：I spent ten dollars (in) buying the dictionary.我花了10美元买这本词典。unusualadj. 不寻常的；非凡的【例句】He and some of his friends spent lots of time doing unusual things with it. 他和几个朋友花了很多时间用它做了许多不寻常的事。Such cold weather is unusual in May. 五月里这样冷的天气是不正常的。【助记】usual（adj. 平常的）un（否定前缀）unusual（adv. 不寻常地）in the end 最后【例句】Why did the monkey laugh in the end? 猴子为什么最后笑了?She found her lost child in the end. 她终于找到了她丢失的孩子。【用法】in the end意思是“最后；终于”，相当于at last或finally。at the end of表示“在末（底），在末梢（尽头）”，后接时间或地点。例如：At the end of the road, youll see a white building.在这条路的终点，你会看到一栋白色的建筑。by the end of表示“到末为止”或“在末之前”，仅表示时间，不是指一个时间点，而是指某一时间以前或到某一点时间为止。强调的是状态或结果，而不是行动。例如：They had learnt 3,000 English words by the end of last term.到上学期末为止，他们已经学习了3000个英文单词。work out 算出；制订出【例句】My mother asked me to work out the sum. 妈妈叫我算出总数。She can not work out the physics problem她解答不出这道物理题。【用法】work out意思是“编制出；解答出”，是“动词十副词”结构的固定短语，当work out的宾语是人称代词时，该代词应置于副词out之前。例如：He thought and thought, and at last he worked it out.他想了又想，终于把它做了出来。program（英=programme）n. 程序；项目；节目【例句】In the end, they worked out a software programme with the old machine. 最后，他们用这台旧机器编制了一个软件程序。I watched a program about farming. 我看了一个有关农业的节目。【助记】pro（前缀，预先）gram（词根，写） program（节目单）要先写好universityn. 综合性大学【例句】He is now studying in a university. 他现在正在大学里学习。She wants to be a student of Beijing University. 她想成为一名北京大学的学生。【助记】uni（前缀，单一的）vers（词根，旋转）ity 统一的各种学科交替进行的场所university（大学）developv. 发展；研制；开发【例句】At Harvard, he developed the BASIC language for the first microcomputer. 在哈佛，他为第一台微型计算机开发了BASIC语言。They began developing software for personal computer.他们为个人计算机开发软件。【用法】develop动词，意为“发展，开发，使城长，研制”。例如：China is a developing country.中国是发展中国家。Japan is a (more) developed country.日本是发达国家。tooln. 工具【例句】They thought that the computer would be a very important tool in every office and in every home. 他们认为计算机将成为办公室和家庭的重要工具。We are going to help farmers tomorrow, so everyone must take a kind of tool.我们明天要去帮助农民，因此，每人都要带一种工具。【助记】fool（傻瓜）才不会用tool（工具）。personaladj. 私人的；个人的【例句】They began developing software for personal computers. 他们开始为个人电脑开发软件。I have something personal to discuss with you. 我有点私事和你商量。【助记】person（私人）al（名词变形容词）personal（私人的；个人的）improvev. 提高；改善【例句】They improved the software to make it easier for people to use computers. 他们改进软件，使人们使用计算机更为容易。She tried to improve her English. 她正在努力提高英语水平。【助记】提高（improve）是需要证明（prove）的。golfn. 高尔夫球【例句】He also enjoys playing golf and bridge. 他也爱打高尔夫球和桥牌。I dont like playing golf. 我不喜欢打高尔夫球。【助记】谐音 gol高尔f夫golf（高尔夫球）bridgen. 桥牌【例句】He also enjoys playing golf and bridge. 他也爱打高尔夫球和桥牌。What about playing bridge? 打桥牌怎么样？【助记】bridge桥桥牌Seattlen.西雅图（美国华盛顿州一城市）Washingtonn. 华盛顿（美国州名）softwaren.（电脑）软件Harvardn. 哈佛大学BASICn.（电脑）初学者通用符号指令码microcomputern. 微型计算机Microsoftn. 微软公司pleasedn.高兴的；愉快的【例句】We were very pleased with the result of race. 我们对比赛结果感到非常满意。Im pleased to meet you. 很高兴见到你。【助记】please（满足的）pleased（高兴的）【用法】pleased高兴的、愉快的。常作表语。同义词为glad，happy。be pleased with/ about. at sth.(sb.)对某事（某人）感到高兴、满意。例如：Im pleased with the result.我对这个结果很高兴。be pleased to do sth.高兴（乐意）干某事。例如：Ill be pleased to lend you the dictionary. 我很乐意把字典借给你。T-shirtn. 短袖无领汗衫；T恤(衫)【例句】Im sure hell be pleased if you buy him a Liverpool football T-shirt! 我肯定如果你买一件利物浦足球T恤给他，他会很高兴的。Mother bought me a new T-shirt yesterday. 妈妈昨天给我买了加新T恤衫。diseasen. 疾病【例句】The doctor found a new disease of eyes. 医生发现新的眼科疾病。Disease is usually caused by germs. 疾病是由细菌引起的。【助记】dis（表否定）ease（轻松）无法轻松的事disease（疾病）TB（tuberculosis）n. 肺结核（病）【例句】The disease is called TB. 那种病毒叫肺结核。millionn. 百万；百万元【例句】It skills millions of people every year. 每年上百万人死于此病毒。The man has a capital of ten million dollars. 那个人有一千万美元的资本。【助记】million（狮子）million（百万）decide/v. 决定；决心【例句】I decided to buy a new computer. 我决定买一台新电脑。He decided to go himself. 他决定亲自去。【用法】decide abouton sth.对某事作决定。例如：We dont decide about the date for the meeting.我们没有决定关于开会的日期。decide to do sth.决定做某事。例如：I cant decide when to start.我决定不了何时出发。billionn. 十亿【例句】He gave away 21 billion dollars. 他赠送出210亿美元。【助记】million(百万)billion（十亿）luckyadj. 幸运的；侥幸的【例句】I am a very lucky man. 我是一个非常幸运的人。Its my lucky day. 今天真走运。【助记】luck（运气）y（名词变形容词）lucky（幸运的）unluckyadj. 不走运的；不幸的【例句】The people in poor countries are very unlucky. 贫穷国家的人民非常不幸。How unlucky! He fell off his bike and broke his leg. 真不幸，他从自行车上掉下来摔伤了腿。【助记】un（前缀，表否定）lucky（幸运的）unlucky（不走运的；不幸的）【用法】lucky（adj.幸运的；侥幸的），其反义词为unlucky（不走运的；不幸的），其名词形式为luck，副词为luckily。sizen. 尺寸；大小【例句】What size does she wear? 她穿多大尺寸的衣服？They built the house all of a size. 他们把房子都建成同样大小。almostadv. 几乎；差不多【例句】Shes almost as tall as the woman over there. 她和那边的那个妇女几乎一样高。She almost fell off the horse. 她差点从马背上掉下来了。【助记】al（all，全部）+most（大部分的）almost（差不多）【用法】almost（adv. 几乎；差不多），其同义词为nearly（几乎；差不多）。almost和nearly都可以与动词、副词、形容词、名词连用。当与no，none, nothing, never连用时，只能用almost，不可用nearly。例如：Almost no one was late for the meeting yesterday. 昨天几乎没有人开会迟到。speakern. 演讲者；说话者【例句】He was also a famous speaker. 他也是个有名的演讲者。The speaker said he himself was that man. 演讲者说他自己就是那个人。【助记】speak（演讲）er（常见表示“人”的名词后缀）joken. 笑话；玩笑 play a joke on 戏弄人；对某人恶作剧【例句】He also liked to play jokes on his friends. 他也很喜欢和朋友们开玩笑。Dont play a joke on him.不要开他的玩笑了。【用法】joke名词，“笑话，玩笑”。例如：He often has a joke with his friends. 他经常同他的朋友开玩笑。play