福建省晋江首峰中学八年英语下册 U6T1 导学案（无答案） 仁爱版

八年级下册导学案福建省晋江首峰中学八年英语下册 U6T1 导学案（无答案） 仁爱版1 预习目标1. 学习一些新单词和词组: field, vehicle, find out, task, airplane, airline, decide, total, raise, discuss2. 学习动词不定式的用法: Boys and girls, I have some exciting news to tell you! Its too far to cycle, but there are other vehicles for us to choose. Its hard to say. Kangkang and Michael, you two find out the cost to go by train. Helen, your task is to find out the cost by bus.3. 用英语谈论郊游二课文探究1. 尝试自己拼读新单词并识记2. 熟读1a3. 找出文中含有动词不定式的句子_ _ 4. 试着说说动词不定式的用法_ _ 5. 试着用动词不定式造两个句子_ _ 6. 熟读1a课文，完成下面的题目英汉互译 1. 查明, 弄清 2. 对做出决定 3. too far to cycle 4. go on our field trip 5. 郊游 6. The best way to get there 7. The best time to go there 8. 为筹钱 9. Make the decision 10. go on a two-day visit to 7. 翻译1a，并熟读1a 8. 回答1b的问题三知识链接动词不定式用法小结动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，其结构为“to动词原形”，其中to不是介词，而是动词不定式的符号，称为小品词，动词不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式和其后面的名词等构成不定式短语，在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等。 一. 作主语 例如： To be a doctor is hard. 做医生很难。 To learn English well is not easy. 学好英语不容易。 动词不定式（短语）作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式（短语）放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为： It is hard to be a doctor. It is not easy to learn English well. 再如： Its important to plant trees in spring. 如果动词不定式的动作是谁做的，可以在动词不定式前面加一个由介词for引导的短 语，称为不定式的复合结构。例： Its good for us to read English aloud in the morning. 对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。 It is important for students to use English every day. 对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。 二. 作表语： 动词不定式（短语）作表语常用于系词be的后面。例： His work is to drive a car. 他的工作是开车。 My job is to feed animals. 我的工作是饲养动物。 Her ambition is to be a doctor. 她的理想是当医生。 三. 作宾语 动词不定式（短语）可以放在一些动词后面用作宾语，能以动词不定式作宾语的动词有：begin,start, want, forget, remember, show, learn, like, hate, love, ask等。例： I want to tell you a story. 我想给你讲个故事。 They begin to work at eight every morning. 他们每天早晨8点开始工作。 Dont forget to lock the door. 别忘了锁门。 Would you like to go and have a picnic with us tomorrow?明天和我们一起去野餐好吗？ *如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省“to”例：（1）He wants to go and have a swim with us. 他想和我们一起去游泳。 （2）若作宾语的动词不定式（短语）很长，可用it作形式宾语。 I find it interesting to learn English with you. 我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。 He found it hard to catch up with others. 他觉得赶上别人很困难。 四. 作宾语补足语。例如： The teacher asked us to read English for half an hour in the morning. 老师让我们早晨读半小时英语。 The teacher often tells Jim not to spend too much time playing computer games. 老师常告诉Jim不要花太多时间玩电脑游戏。 Please let me help you. 让我来帮助你。 动词不定式作宾语补足语，表示宾语所做的动作，可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：tell, ask, want, like, invite, encourage, help等。但在let, make, see, watch, hear, feel, notice, have等感官听觉动词或使役动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式一般要省略动词不定式符号“to”，可以归纳为以下三种句式： 1.不可以省to的不定式作宾语补足语： tell /ask / want / would like / wish / like / invite /encourage /teach sb. to do sth. 例：The teacher told us to come earlier tomorrow. I want you to go now. 我想让你现在就走。 Her parents wish her to be a teacher. 她父母亲希望她当老师。 2.省“to”的不定式作宾语补足语： Let / make / have sb. do sth. Let the boy go out now. 让那个男孩出去。 The boy made the baby cry. 男孩弄哭了这个小孩。 see / watch / hear / notice / feel sb. do sth. I saw the students play basketball on the playground yesterday. 昨天我看见学生们在操场打篮球。 I often hear the girl sing in the next room. 我经常听到女孩在隔壁唱歌。 3.可省可不省的： help sb. （to）do sth. I often help my mother （to）do housework. 我经常帮妈妈做家务。 *动词不定式的否定式是直接在to之前加not. 例： （1）Tell them not to play football in the street. 告诉他们不要在街道上踢足球。 （2）省to的动词不定式的否定式是直接在动词前面加not. 例： Let the boy not go. 让那个男孩别走。（3）如果将主动语态变为被动语态时，作宾语补足语的动词不定式变为主语补足语，动词不定式则不省“to”，即原来省的再加上，例： The boy made the baby cry. The baby was made to cry by the boy. 那个孩子被男孩弄哭了。 五. 动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置定语。例： Who was the first one to arrive? 谁第一个到的？ She has no paper to write on? 她没有纸写字？ The best way to learn English is to use it. 学英语最好的方法是使用它。 When is the best time to plant vegetables? 什么时候是种植蔬菜的最好时间？ Do you have something to drink? 你这有喝的吗？ *动词不定式（短语）作定语修饰名词时，与其所修饰的词具有一种动宾关系，如果不定式中的动词为不及物动词时，其后应加上一个含义上所需要的介词。例： I have no chair to sit on. 我没有椅子坐。 He has no house to live in. 他没有房子住。 六. 动词不定式作目的状语： 动词不定式作目的状语常用在go, come, hurry等不及物动词后，表目的。 He went to see his sister yesterday. 他昨天去看妹妹了。 They got up early to catch the early bus. 他们早起去赶早班车。 有时可以把不定式（短语）提前，放于句首，表示强调目的。例： To early English quickly and well, he went to England. 为了更快更好地学英语，他去了英国。 七. 不定式和疑问词连用，可以作句子的主语、宾语、表语等。例： The problem is where to get a computer. （表语） No one knows how to do it.（宾）没有人知道如何做这件事。 I really dont know which one to choose. （宾） 我真的不知道选哪一个。 When and where to have the party is not known. （主语） 何时何地举行联欢还不知道。*不定式和疑问词连用作宾语时有时可以改为宾语从句。例： I dont know what to do next. 我不知下一步该做什么？ I dont know what I should do next.动词不定式专项训练（选做）： 1. He asked me _ here earlier. A. come B. to come C. coming D. came 2. Please tell him _ on the wall. A. dont draw B. to not draw C. not to draw D. not draw 3. He wanted _ a cup of tea. A. to have B. having C. have D. had 4. Id like _ a word with you. A. had B. having C. to have D. have 5. I came here _ my uncle. A. saw B. to see C. seeing D. to be seen 6. The man refused （拒绝）_ back his words. A. to take B. taking C. took D. takes 7. I can let you _ one ticket. A. to have B. have C. having D. had 8. We often heard him _ in his room. A. to sing B. sings C. sang D. sing 9. He was made _ day and night. A. work B. working C. to work D. worked 10. He stopped _ a look, but saw nothing. A. having B. to have C. have D. had 11. My father was too angry _ a word. A. to say B. not to say C. to saying D. didnt say 12. My brother was old enough _ to school. A. went B. goes C. going D. to go 13. It is time _ him _ supper. A. of, to have B. for, to have C. of, having D. for, to has 14. Its very kind _ you _ me. A. of, to help B. for, to help C. of, help D. of, helping 15. Its important _ our classroom clean every day. A. kept B. to keep C. to give D. keep 16. Before liberation （解放）they had no chance _ to school. A. went B. go C. to go D. to be gone 17. He said he had an important meeting _. A. attend B. would attend C. attending D. to attend 18. Please give me a piece of paper _. A. to write B. to write on C. writing D. to write it 19. I dont know _. A. what do B. what will do C. what to do D. do what 20. Your radio needs _. A. to be repairedB. to repair C. repaired D. to repairing 21. My wish is _ a teacher. A. becoming B. to become C. become D. became 22. I want _ him a letter now. A. to write B. not write C. write D. wrote 23. It took us three days _ the trees. A. plant B. planted C. to plant D. plants 24. Why not _ here _ me? A. to come, to see B. come, to see C. came, seeing D. come, see 25. He wishes me _ my best _ hard at English. A. to do, to workB. doing, workingC. to do, workingD. do, work 26. Please tell me _ her. I have something _ her. A. where to find, telling B. where to find, to tell C. where can find, to tellD. where finding, telling 27. How happy they are _ each other again! A. to see B. see C. saw D. being seen 28. They decided （决心）_ a letter _ their thanks. A. to write, expressing（表达） B. writing, express C. write, expressed D. to write, to express 29. The officer ordered （命令）him _ down _ a rest. A. lying, have B. to lie, to have C. to lie, havingD. lie, had 30. The headmaster called on （号召）us _ hard for our country. A. to work B. worked C. work D. to working4 随堂练习（一）单项选择( )1. What about going shopping together?Sorry, I have a lot of homework _. A. do B. to doC. doingD. did( )2. Its impossible for us _ there on foot in two hours. A. to get B. getC. gettingD. got( )3. Though Mike is _ boy, he can say many words. How clever!A. an-one-year-oldB. a one-year-old C. an one-year old D. a one-year old( )4. What did the teacher say just now?He asked them _ the math problem. A. discussingB. discussedC. to discussD. discuss( )5. Ill go on a visit to Mount Huang. _A. Thank you. B. Have a good trip!C. Never mind. D. My pleasure. ( )6. I want _ the answer to the problem. Could you help me?A. to come up withB. coming up withC. come up withD. came up with( )7. There are so many bags. You can _ any one. A. choose fromB. pick fromC. decideD. choose( )8. How much did your new car _ you?￥800 000. A. spendB. payC. costD. take( )9. They will decide whether _ the movie The Sound of Music at the cinema. A. seeB. to seeC. seeingD. saw（二）句型转换1. It often takes about 16 hours to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train. (对画线部分提问)_ _ _ it often _ to go from Beijing to Shanghai by train?2. She paid 100 yuan for the coat. (改为同义句)She _ 100 yuan _ the coat. 3. His parents will go to Mount Tai by bus tomorrow. (对画线部分提问)_ _ his parents go to Mount Tai tomorrow?4. The train ticket cost him ￥120. (对画线部分提问) _ _ _ the train ticket _ _?5. Tom gets a letter from his father every month. (改为同义句)Tom _ _ his father every month. Unit 6 Enjoying CyclingTopic 1 Were going on a spring field trip.Section B1 预习目标1. 学习一些新单词： cinema, hotel, refrigerator, air conditioning, standard, condition, comfortable, person2. 继续学习动词不定式的用法： Yes, Id like to book some tickets to Mount Tai on March 13th. Good morning, I want to make a room reservation. And how long do you plan to stay?3. 学习怎样用英语订票和预订宾馆4. 学习用英语表达提供帮助：Can I help you? / What can I do for you?二课文探究1.尝试自己拼读新单词并识记2.熟读1a，并完成1b3.翻译下列句子，并在你觉得重要的词语下面划线We have tickets at￥145 for the hard sleeper and￥224 for the soft sleeper._Id like to book some tickets to Mount Tai on March 13th._ _ _Id like to book 21 tickets for the hard sleeper._ _ _4.找出文中表达提供帮助的句型_ _5. 熟读1c，完成2的补全对话三随堂练习（一）词汇部分(A) 根据句意及汉语提示填空。1. He lives at the _ (顶部) of the building.2. Id like to book a _ (标准) room with two beds. 3. The headmaster called on the students to _ (筹集) money for the poor boy. 4. If you want to live more comfortably, youd better buy a _ (冰箱). 5. They share a _ (共同的) interest in reading. (B) 用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。book tickets, decide on, have a rest, comfortable, air conditioning6. They plan _ after a long journey. 7. Its so hot that we would like the rooms with _. 8. We want to _ to Kunming on Tuesday afternoon. 9. Traveling by car is not so _ as by train. 10. At last we _ the best way to travel to Qingdao. （二）情景交际 根据对话情景选择恰当的选项，其中有两项是多余的。A. My name is Cheng Tao. B. Which kind do you want?C. Thank you. D. We are going to Anhui to climb Mount Huang. E. And what about the price?F. Id like to book seven tickets, please. G. What can I do for you?A: Hello, Beijing Railway Station. Can I help you?B: Yes, 1 F A: OK. Where are you going?B: 2 D So well book the tickets to the nearest station on Friday evening. A: All right. The train starts at 10:00 p. m. and arrives at 11:00 a. m. at Mount Huang Railway Station. B: Thats great. 3 E A: Weve got tickets at￥360 for the soft sleeper and￥240 for the hard sleeper. 4B B: Id like to book seven tickets for the hard sleeper. A: OK. Seven hard sleeper tickets. Please pay for the tickets before 19:30. And could you tell me your name, please?B: Sure. 5A A: And your cellphone number?B: Its Thanks. A: Its my pleasure. Unit 6 Enjoying CyclingTopic 1 Were going on a spring field trip.Section C1 预习目标1. 学习一些新单词 work out, common, come up with, dollar, sell, noon, top, look forward to (doing) sth., hear from2. 继续学习动词不定式的用法 Jane is helping Helen (to) work out the cost of the trip. Miss Wang told us not to ask our parents for the money. It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. Why dont we put on a show to raise money? I think the most exciting way is to sell flowers at the weekend. So we decided to take the train.3. 了解外国学生怎样为郊游筹钱二课文探究1.尝试自己拼读新单词并识记2.阅读p29,1，试着理解这些短语的用法cant afford, told us not to ask, raise money for.3.阅读p29,2a，试着理解这些词语和句子的用法common, come up with, dollar, draw, sell, noon, It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw._After the tickets are sold, one ticket is drawn._4.找出2a中的动词不定式，并下来，说说它们在句中作什么成分_ _5. 再次阅读1和2a完成下面的题目英汉互译(1)cant afford (3)raise money for. (5)在中午 (7)赢得的票 (2)told us not to askfor. (4)come up with (6)下一个上学的日子 (8)把它提供给这个学生 3 知识链接 afford“买得起，(有时间)做，能做”，通常与can, could或be able to连用，尤用于否定句和疑问句。如：Can we afford a new car? affordable adj.如：affordable prices/housing付得起的价格/买得起的住宅。4 随堂练习完形填空In many big cities, there are usually more than one underground line(地铁线). The fastest way 1 in a city is by subway. How to travel by subway? Do you know? Here is some information 2 before you travel by subway. First, you should 3 the right line. If you dont, you will have to 4 and take another one. Second, you need some coins 5 your ticket, because 6 the machines which sell tickets only accept coins. Coins can be changed next to the ticket machines. Or you can go to the ticket office 7 some. 8 you have a prepaid card, you can just go ahead. After you have bought the 9 , you should wait for your subway outside the yellow line. You 10 walk too close to the yellow line. Its dangerous. ( )1. A. travelingB. to travelC. traveledD. /( )2. A. to knowB. to findC. to see D. to take( )3. A. planB. drawC. discussD. choose( )4. A. get upB. go downC. get offD. get on( )5. A. of B. toC. forD. in( )6. A. most ofB. some ofC. one ofD. a bit of( )7. A. to buyB. to get C. to borrowD. to change( )8. A. WhereB. IfC. WhatD. Why( )9. A. coinB. trainC. everythingD. ticket( )10. A. shouldB. needntC. must notD. mustUnit 6 Enjoying CyclingTopic 1 Were going on a spring field trip.Section D一预习目标1.学习一些新单词： as soon as, in the daytime2.继续学习动词不定式的用法 I ha