定语从句(15)

定语从句,TheAttributiveClause,谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。结局好,一切都好。真正的友谊犹如健康的身体,失去时方知其可贵。,Proverbs,Friendshipislikehealth,thevalueofwhichisseldomknowuntilitislost.,Alliswellthatendwell.,Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.,定语,修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语通常用形容词或形容词性短语来充当,abeautifulflower,atallboy,beautiful,tall,定语从句,从广义上来说就是将定语与从句结合到一起,标准定义：修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.,thebestfilm,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：,Mysister,whoistwenty,worksinabank.,Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.,限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。,非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。,MywifewhoisinShanghaiwillcomebacknextweek.Mywife,whoisinShanghai,willcomebacknextweek.,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句形式上：有逗号分开意思上：去掉后无影响,限制性定语从句形式上：无逗号意思上：不能省,先行词,定语从句中定语所修饰的名词或代词,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.,thebestfilm,先行词,关系词,包含关系代词和关系副词,作用：,充当成分：做主、宾、定、状成分,代替先行词：指代上词内容,引导定语从句：连接主句和从句，相当于一连词,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.,that,关系词,啥时用关系代词啥时用关系副词呀！,选用关系词，需要看两点：1.看先行词2.看关系词在从句中充当的成分。,做主语，宾语，定语，表语,做状语用,关系代词,关系副词,引导定语从句的关系代词thatwhichwhowhomwhose,that即指人又指物,作主语或宾语。which指物,作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语,whom作宾语。that,which,whom在定语从句中作宾语时,可省去。,Themanwillsucceed.Hehasapositiveattitude.,Themanwillsucceed.,whohasapositiveattitude,who代替人在定语从句中作主语或宾语,练习：用定语从句连成一个句子,Thegirlisasinger.(定)Thegirlissittinginthecorner.Thegirlisasinger.,whoissittinginthecorner,who,练习：用定语从句连成一个句子,Heistheman.(定)Themanwantstospeaktoyou.Heisthemanwhowantstospeaktoyou.,who,whom代替人在定语从句中作宾语作宾语时whom可以省略,Thisistheperson.(定)Italkedtothepersonjustnow.,Thisistheperson,whomItalkedtojustnow.,Thisistheperson,towhomItalkedjustnow.,whom,Ihavemanyfriends.(定)Isendpostcardstomyfriendsbeforetheirbirthday.IhavemanyfriendswhomIsendpostcardstobeforetheirbirthday.IhavemanyfriendstowhomIsendpostcardsbeforetheirbirthday.,练习：用定语从句连成一个句子,whom,who,which指代物,在定语从句中既可作主语也可作宾语作宾语时which可省略,Thinkingisthekey.Thekeyopensthedoorsoftheworld.,Thinkingisthekey,whichopensthe,doorsoftheworld.,Dontexpectpeopletodothings.(定)Youwouldntdothethingsyourself.,Dontexpectpeopletodothings,youwouldntdoyourself.,which,which,关系副词when,where,why,when,when可用in/on/at/during+which代替,Istillremembertheday.(定)Ifirstmethimontheday.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstmethim.,when,which,where,where可用in/on/at/to+which代替Thedictionaryistheonlyplace.(定)Successcomesbeforeworkinthedictionary.Thedictionaryistheonlyplaceinwhichsuccesscomesbeforework.,where,which,ABCAmericaisthecountry.Iwasborninthecountry.,AmericaisthecountryinwhichIwasborn.,which.,where,BBC,BeijingisthecityinwhichIwasborn.,where,=AmericanbornChinese,=BeijingbornChinese,who,whom,which,that,whose,as,when,where,why,time,place,reason,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,onthetopofthehills,talktothestudent,lookafterthebaby,先行词在从句中作宾语时,引导词可省略,Pleasefillintheblanks,usingthepronounsabove.,Thisisthebaby_Ishalllookaftertomorrow.Thestudentto_youtalkedjustnowisagoodfootballplayer.Myfamilyclimbedupthehillsonthetopof_wehadapicnicbefore.Hestilllivesintheroom_windowfacestotheeast.,(who/whom/that),whom,which,whose,theroomswindow,5.Hestilllivesintheroom_isinthenorthofthecity.6.Hestilllivesintheroom_thereisabeautifultable.7.Illneverforgetthedays_westudiedtogether.8.Illneverforgetthedays_wespenttogether.9.Doyouknowthereason_hedidnotcome?10Theboy_motherisdeadwasbroughtupbyhisfather.,wespentthedays,westudiedtogetherduringthedays,thereisabeautifultableintheroom,which/that,(that/which),why/forwhich,where/inwhich,when/duringwhich,whose,theroomisinthenorth,围绕高考来释难,只用that的情况,1.当先行词是不定代词allmuch.little.something.everything.anything.nothing.none.theone时,2.当先行词前面有only.any.few.little.no.all.very等词修饰时,3.当先行词是形容词最高级或它的前面有形容词最高级修饰时,4.当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时,5.当先行词既有人又有物时,6.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时,7.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用that反之，如果一个用that另一个用which,只用which不用that的情况,引导非限制性定语从句时当关系代词前有介词时Thisisthehouseinheoncelived.先行词是that或those时，引导词用whichThatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow高考链接Myfriendshowedmeroundthetown,_wasverykindofhim.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it解析：Awhich引导非限制性定语从句,which,只能用who的情况,1.先行词one,ones,anyone,all,those指人时引导词用whoAll_havestudiedthisquestionhavecometothesameconclusion.A.whichB.whoC.thatD.whom2.在therebe句型中，先行词指人时Thereisayoungladyasksforyou.,B,who,3.从句中有两个定语从句且都指人时，引导词一个用who一个用thatThestudentwhowassurprisedisthemonitorthatisverymodest(谦虚的),Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.,关系代词whose还可以在从句中与它所修饰的词一起作介词宾语。,Note,2.先行词是人,从句中缺动词宾语或介词宾语时,用whom或that(介词后不用that)。Theteacherwantstoreturnthebooktothegirlfromwhomheborrowedit.,Heisthestudent(whom,who,that)youwanttosee.关系代词that,which,whom在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略。,1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.whoKey解析:本题考察定语从句关联词的选择,从句意可知先行词thefamousbasketballstar(著名的篮球明星)是人,所以应用表示人的关联词who。,真题解析,D,2.(2006北京)Women_drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeeadayhaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose_dont.A.who;/B./;whoC.who;whoD./;/Key:C解析:本题考查两个定语从句,这两个定语从句都缺少主语,在定语从句中,如果是关系代词做定语从句的主语,关系代词不能省略,故答案选C。,3.(2006福建)Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.thatKeyA解析:whose在定语从句中做roof的定语,用于修饰house.,4.-Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto?-Right,justtheone_youknowIusedtoworkforyears.(2005福建)A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whatKeyC解析:从句中youknow是插入语,所以用where引导表示地点的定语从句。,11.Ivereadallthebooks_yougaveme.12.Thereisnodifficulty_cantbeovercomeintheworld.13.Thisisthefirstthing_Iwanttosay.14.Hekeepsarecordofeverything_hehadseenthere.15.TheTVplayIwatchedlastnightisthebestone_Ihavewatchedthisyear.,(that),that,(that),(that),(that),Nowfinishexercises11-20,16.Tellusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces_aredifferentfromours.17.Thisistheverything_Iamafter.18.Anyperson_hasthemoneycanjointhegroup.19.Whoistheperson_isstandingatthegateofBeijingTourismTower?20.Whichisthestar_isnearesttotheearth?,that,(that),that/who,that,that,复习定语从句中的关系副词：,when,where,why,IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague.,onwhich,ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.,inwhich,Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.,Itrainedheavily,forwhichhewaslatefortheclass.,Heistheman_housethepicturesaretaken.A.whoseB.whichC.fromwhoseD.that2.Helivesintheflat,_hecansee_ishappen-inginthestreet.A.there/whatB.where/somethingC.fromwhosewindow/allthat3.Thatwasthemostinterestingfilm_Ihaveseen.A.whoseB.thatC.whichD.what4.AheadofmeIsawawoman_Ithoughtwasmyaunt.A.whoB.whomC.fromwhomD.ofwhom5.Watchthegirlandherdog_arecrossingthestreet.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.they,C,C,B,A,C,6.Heistheveryoneofthestudents_goodatEnglish.A.whodoesB.thatisC.whomdoD.whichare7.Thesecondbook_IwanttoreadisTraveisinChinabyRewiAlley.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.as8.Heisthesameteacher_spokeatthemeetingontheopeningceremony.A.asB.whomC.thatD.who9.Thedays_Ispentinthecountrysideinmychildhoodwasthehappiesttime_Ihadeverhadinmylife.D.that/thatA.when/whenB.when/thatC.that/which,C,B,B,D,Underthebigtreeare34students,manyofthemcomefromclasstwo.2.Mymotherhasagoodbook,whic