英美概况课件英国地理

英国概况,Chapter1GeneralIntroductiontoPhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUK,TheLocationsoftheUKThePhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUKRiversandMountainsClimateandweatherPopulationTheMajorCitiesExercisesandAnswers,Focusquestions,WhatisthefullnameoftheBritishstate?Whatcountriesdoesitconsistof?WhatisthetotalpopulationoftheUnitedKingdom?WheredomostBritishpeoplelive?WhatisthemostdenselypopulatedareaofBritain?Whatistheleastpopulated?WhatarethemajorcitiesinBritain?,Threeterms,BritishIslesBritainGreatBritain,Twolargeislandsseveralsmallones,TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.,England,WalesScotland,ThecomplicatedfullnameoftheUK,TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandFourparts:EnglandScotlandWalesNorthernIreland,UnionJack,ThemapoftheUK,ThelocationoftheUK,BritainissituatedinwesternEuropeandisseparatedfromtheEuropeancontinentbytheNorthSea,theStraitofDoverandtheEnglishChannel.Itisaninsularcountry.Itscoastlineruns12,429km,Itisoneofthecountrieswithlongestcoastline.TothewestofitliestheAtlanticOcean,acrossandbeyonditisAmerica.,ThePhysiographicalFeaturesoftheUK,VariedlandscapeFlatlandsinEnglandMountainsinScoltlandandWales,England,England,Aflatlandcountry,alsocalledLowlandzonePennines:thebackboneofEnglandLakedistrictHighlyurbanized-80%ofpopulationlivingincities-only2%workinginagriculturePhysicallylargestwithlargestpopulationDominancein:size/culture/economy-takeEnglandforUK,LakeDistrict,ascenicspotinNorthWestEnglandApopularholidaydestinationbeingfamousforitslakesanditsmountainsitsassociationswiththeearly19thcenturypoetryandwritingsofWilliamWordsworthandotherpoets.,WilliamWordsworth,aromanticpoetappointedpoetlaureatein1843LivingintheLakedistrictafter1797,（17701850）,Scotland,Scotland,Amountainouscountrythreenaturalzones:TheHighlandsinthenorththecentralLowlandsthesouthernUplandsBenNevis:thehighestmountainintheUKAcountryofcastles,ThehighlandsinScotland：sparselypopulated,withmanymountainrangesdominatingtheregion,andincludingthehighestmountainintheBritishIsles,BenNevisThefilm:BraveHeart,BenNevis,(1343metershigh),Airthcastle,A14thcenturycastle,aspaandaScottishcastleaccommodation,oneofthemostpopularplacesforScottishcastleweddings.,Stirlingcastle,about30milesfromGlasgowand40milesfromEdinburghAlonghistory,animportantfortificationandthesiteofmanysiegesandbattles,standingoutforitsimposinglocationandstoriedhistory,Wales,Wales,amountainouscountryinthewestofGreatBritain.takeinguplessthan9%ofthewholeisland.,NorthernIreland,SmallestamongthefournationsinBritainMostlyrural,lowhills,beautifullakeinthesouth-west,ruggedcoastline,Giantscauseway(巨人之路)(1),The8thNaturalWonderoftheWorld(suburbofBelfast)，Sixtymillionyearsago,GiantsCauseway（2）-astretchofbasalticrockpillarsweatheredtodifferentheightsandpresentingasteppedsurfaceonthenorthcoastofNorthernIreland.37,000columnsformedbycoolinglava.-legend:FinnMaCoolbuiltittocrosstheseatoScotland,Giantscauseway（3）,Prodigiousskills(鬼斧神工)ofNature:,ClimateandWeather,Amaritimetypeofclimate:rainy,dwintersandcoolsummers,Population,Thetotalpopulation:about62000000(2009)Highlyurbanized:80%livingincitiesand20%livinginthecourysideThemostdenselypopulatedarea:EnglandTheleastpopulatedarea:NorthernIrelandAmultiracialsocietywhichproducesapopulationofwhich1in20areofnon-Europeanethnicity.Theofficiallanguage:English,MountainsandRivers,Pennines:Chiefmountainranges:theCambrianstheGrampiainsTheGrampians:thelargestmountianrangeintheUK,BenNevis:thehighestmountainintheUK,ThelongestriverinEngland:RiverSevern（220miles，354km),NEWSEVERNBRIDGE:thelongestbridgeintheUK,connectingWalesandEngland,AnimportantriverinBritain:RiverThames,thesecondlongestriverintheUnitedKingdomandthelongestriverentirelyinEnglandbestkownforflowingthroughcentralLondonitsstrategicpositionatthecentreofmanyeventsinBritishhistoryamajorleisureareasupportingtourismandpleasureoutingsaswellasthesportsofrowing,sailing.aspecialappealtowriters,artists,musiciansandfilm-makersandiswellrepresentedintheartsmanyriversideattractions:LondonEye,towerofLondon,HouseofParliament,etc.,DescriptionofRiverThamesbyT.S.Eliot(1888-1965),SweetThamesrunsoftly,tillIendmysong.Theriverbearsnoemptybottles,sandwichpapers,Silkhandkerchiefs,cardboardboxescigaretteendsOrothertestimonyofsummernights.andTheriversweatsOilandtarThebargesdriftWiththeturningtideRedsailsWideToleeward,swingontheheavyspar,ThebargeswashDriftinglogsDownGreenwichreachPasttheIsleofDogs,Majorcities,LondonLiverpoolCardiffBelfast,London,-seatofgovernment-centerofculture-businesscenter-industrialcenter-largestpopulation-hometoallmedia-galleries,theatres,museums-combiningfunctionsofNewYork,Washington&LosAngeles-Oneofthefourleaingcitiesintheworld:NewYork,Paris,Tokyo,London,Thecapital,thelargestportandthelargestcityinBritainTheCityofLondon+InnerLondon+OuterLondon=GreaterLondonThecommercialcenter:theWestEndThepoliticalcenter:theCityofWebminster(Downingstreet,BuckinghamPalace)Theculturalcenter:LondonUniversity(thebiggest)ThecenterofLaborMovement(Chartism)宪章运动TheOlympicsgamestobeheldherein2012,TheLondonEye,aheightof135metres(443ft),thelargestFerriswheelinEuropethemostpopularpaidtouristattractionintheUnitedKingdom,BigBenthelargestfour-facedchimingclock,thethird-tallestfree-standingclocktowerintheworld,Itscelebrationofits150thanniversaryinMay2009,TowerBridge,aniconicsymbolofLondonCarriesmotorvehicles,cyclists,pedestriansCrossesThamesTotallength244metres(801ft)Opened30June1894,WestministerAbbey,alarge,mainlyGothicchurch,inWestminster,LondonthetraditionalplaceofcoronationandburialsiteformonarchsofCommonwealthRealms,Trafalgarsquare,asquareincentralLondonatouristattraction,Waterloobridge,Tube/subway,WaterlooBridge,WaterlooBridge,Starring:VivienLeigh,RobertTaylorDirectedbyMervynLeRoy.ProducedbySidneyFranklinSynopsisBasedontheplaybyPulitzerPrize-winningplaywrightRobertE.Sherwood,WATERLOOBRIDGEstarsVivienLeighasMyra,ashyballerinawhoselifeisirrevocablyalteredinwar-tornLondon.ItsloveatfirstsightwhenMyrameetshandsome,aristocraticBritishofficerRoyCronin(RobertTaylor)inthemidstofanairraid.Thecouplesoonplanstowed,butCroniniscalledtothefront,andshortlythereafteranewspaperreportshisdeath.Forcedoutofballetschool,aloneanddestitute,Myraturnstoprostitution.Whenshediscoversthatthenewspaperreportwasinaccurate,MyraisunabletotellCroninaboutherprofessionallife,andtragedyensues.This10-handkerchiefweeperwasdirectedbyMervynLeRoy.JosephRuttenbergsphotographyisbeautiful,asistheinspiredsoundtrackbyHerbertStothart(THEWIZARDOFOZ),butwhatmakesWATERLOOBRIDGEisLeighsstunningperformanceandtheveryrealchemistrybetweenherandRobertTaylor.,STPaulsCathedral,anAnglicancathedraltheseatoftheBishopofLondononeofLondonsmostfamousandmostrecognisablesights,Edinburgh,thecapitalcityofScotlandeconomiccenterofScotlandatouristcitysecondonlytoLondoninU.K.aculturalcity，holdinganinternationalfestivalofmusicandtheartseveryyear,ThenewcityofEdinburgh,Ediburghcastle,ThesymbolofEdiburghsituatedonamoundofvolcanicrockoneofScotlandsoldestcastles,unequalledinthewholeoftheBritishIslesaremarkablefortress,thehistoricalinterestofandformerroyalresidence,visitedannuallybyapproximatelyonemillionpeopleNovisittoEdinburghiscompletewithoutavisittoEdinburghCastle,CastlesinEdiburgh,Liverpool,