2009年12月四级考试真题词汇.doc

2009年12月四级考试真题知识点1.score（1）n. 分数；二十；配乐；刻痕；乐谱He recognizes enough notation to be able to follow a score.（2）v. 获得；评价；划线，刻划；把记下；得分；记分；刻痕Lightly score the surface of the steaks with a sharp cooks knife.（3）score a goal踢进一球；得一分tie the score打成平局（4）on the score of由于；因为Onthescoreofmoney,dont worry,wehaveenough.2.merit（1）n. 优点，价值；功绩；功过They have been persuaded of the merits of peace.他们已经被说服，认识到了和平的好处。（2）v. 值得；应受报答；应受到He said he had done nothing wrong to merit a criminal investigation.（3）merit and demerit优缺点certificate of merit奖状（4）merit-based adj. 基于优秀的；以业绩为基础的（5）meritorious adj. 有功绩的；有价值的；值得称赞的I had been promoted for what was called gallant and meritorious service.3.finance（1）n. 财政，财政学；金融；财务状况Be prepared for unexpected news concerning your finances.（2）v. 负担经费，供给经费；筹措资金（3）financial adj. 金融的；财政的，财务的4.precious adj. 宝贵的；珍贵的；矫揉造作的5.pour（1）n. 倾泻；流出；骤雨（2）v. 灌，注；倒；倾泻，倾吐；涌流；斟茶；(信息等) 大量涌至It was still pouring outside.外面依旧大雨倾盆。6.need-based 需求；助学金7.phase out 使逐步淘汰；逐渐停止They said the present system of military conscription should be phased out.他们说现行的征兵体系应该逐步淘汰。8.phase（1）n. 相；阶段；天 位相The crisis is entering a crucial, critical phase.危机正进入一个至关重要的决定性阶段。（2）v. 使定相；逐步执行；逐步前进9.institutional（1）adj.制度（上）的；学会的；由来已久的； 习以为常的；公共（慈善）机构的（2）institute n. 学会，协会；学院 v. 开始（调查）；制定；创立；提起（诉讼）We will institute a number of measures to better safeguard the public.我们将制定许多措施更好地保护公众。10.altogether（1）adv. 完全地，全然地；总共；总而言之Altogether, it was a delightful town garden, peaceful and secluded.总体来说，这是一个赏心悦目的城市花园，安静而幽僻。（2）n. 整个；裸体11.eligibility（1）n. 适任，合格；被选举资格（2）eligible adj. 合格的，合适的；符合条件的 n. 合格者；适任者；有资格者Almost half the population are eligible to vote in todays election.将近一半的居民有资格在今天的选举中投票。（3）eligible for合格；够资格Itwillnot beeligibleforrecoveryduringserverstart up.在服务器启动恢复期间它就不是合格的了。12.big-name adj. 大名鼎鼎的13.struggle（1）n. 努力，奋斗；竞争（2）v. 奋斗，努力；挣扎；使劲移动；尽力使得They had to struggle against all kinds of adversity.（3）struggle for为奋斗（争斗）struggle against与（和）作斗争struggle with与斗争14.revenue n. 税收，国家的收入；收益Theynot onlyprotecthealth.Theybringinconsiderablerevenue.15.tuition（1）n. 学费；讲授Ihave noincomeandI havetopaymytuition.（2）tuition waiver学费减免 16.rank（1）n. 排；等级；军衔；队列He eventually rose to the rank of captain.（2）adj. 讨厌的；恶臭的；繁茂的（3）v. 排列；把分等；列为；列队（4）ranking n. 等级，排名；地位 adj. 上级的；头等的；超群的v. 排列；归类于Agassi was playing well above his world ranking of 12.（5）ranking list排名17.conscious（1）adj. 意识到的；故意的；神志清醒的Im very conscious of my weight.我很在意自己的体重。（2）conscious of意识到become conscious of观察到safety consciousadj. 有安全意识的（3）consciousness n. 意识，念头；知觉；觉悟；感觉That idea has been creeping into our consciousness for some time.18.primary（1）adj. 主要的；初级的；基本的The content of primary education should be the same for everyone.（2）n. 原色；最主要者（3）primarily adv. 首先；主要地，根本上（4）prime adj. 主要的；最好的；基本的 The location of these beaches makes them prime sites for development.adv. 极好地 n. 初期；青年；精华；全盛时期Maybe Im just coming into my prime now.可能我刚迈入我的最佳时期。v. 使准备好；填装He was priming the bomb to go off in an hours time.（4）prime minister首相，总理prime time黄金时间prime suspect嫌疑重犯；主要嫌疑犯（5）primate n. 大主教；灵长类的动物；首领 adj. 灵长目动物的；首要的（6）primacy n. 首位；卓越；大主教的职位The political idea at the heart of this is the primacy of the file（1）n. 侧面；轮廓；外形；剖面；简况His handsome profile was turned away from us.他英俊的侧面轮廓转离了我们。（2）v. 描的轮廓；扼要描述；给出轮廓（3）company profile公司简介personal profile20.economist（1）n. 经济学者；节俭的人（2）saver n. 救助者；节俭的人；节约装置（3）economy n. 经济；节约；理财（4）economic adj. 经济的，经济上的；经济学的（5）economical adj. 经济的；节约的；合算的21.aid（1）n. 援助；帮助；助手；帮助者They have already pledged(承诺) billions of dollars in aid.（2）v. 援助；帮助；有助于（3）with the aid of在的帮助下，在援助下He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.（4）give aid to给予帮助first aid急救；急救护理aid inv. 帮助；帮助（在.给予帮助）financial aid助学金in aid of用以援助之用by the aid of借助于；通过的帮助hearing aidn. 助听器mutual aid互助emergency aid紧急救援state aid国家补助22.dean（1）n. 院长；系主任；教务长；主持牧师Ourdeanhasntturned 40yet.我们系主任还不到40岁。（2）assistant dean= associate dean 副院长dean of admissions招生办公室主任；新生注册主任dean of students教导主任academic dean教务长23.rank（1）n. 排；等级；军衔；队列He eventually rose to the rank of captain.他最终升到了船长的职位。（2）adj. 讨厌的；恶臭的；繁茂的（3）v. 排列，给排名；名列 ；把分等；列为；列队The report ranks the U.S. 20th out of 22 advanced nations.（4）in the ranks当兵，当战士；in the front rank著名；在前列in rank成行列；成队列first rank一流的；rank first名列第一rank among跻身于；属于之列rank and filen. 民众，老百姓；普通士兵，普通成员front rankn. 前列；最重要；最突出；最好social rank社会等级other ranks(武装部队)非被委任的军官 , 普通士兵keep rank保持队形（5）ranking adj. 上级的；头等的；超群的 n. 等级；地位 v. 排列；归类于（6）ranker n. 出身行伍的军官；士兵；对某事胆怯或临阵脱逃的人（7）rankness n. 繁茂；恶臭24.liberal（1）adj. 自由主义的，开明的；慷慨的；不拘泥的；宽大的，大量的As always he is liberal with his jokes.他总有讲不完的笑话。2）n. 自由主义者（3）liberal art文科liberal democratic partyn. 自由民主党liberal economy自由经济college of liberal arts文学院；人文学院liberal arts college文理学院；文科大学（4）liberty n. 自由；许可；冒失Wemustnotrestrainchildrenof theirliberty.我们绝对不要限制孩子们的自由。25.discount（1）n. 折扣；贴现率They are often available at a discount.它们经常可以以折扣价买到。（2）v. 打折扣；贴现；贬损；低估；忽视，不理会However, traders tended to discount the rumor(传闻).（3）at a discount打折扣；不受欢迎，没销路（4）discounter n. 折扣商店；廉价商店26.remain（1）n. 遗迹；剩余物，残骸They were cleaning up the remains of their picnic.（2）v. 保持；依然；留下；剩余；逗留；残存The wider problem remains.更广泛的问题依然存在。（3）remain withv. 属于remain of剩下；从.留下remain silent/calm保持沉默/冷静27.federal（1）adj. 联邦的；同盟的（2）n. 北部联邦同盟盟员28.institution（1）n. 制度；建立；（社会或宗教等）公共机构；习俗I believe in the institution of marriage.我相信婚姻制度。（2）institution of higher learning高等学校confucius institute孔子学院（3）institute n. 学会，协会；学院 v. 开始（调查）；制定；创立；提起（诉讼）We will institute a number of measures to better safeguard the public.我们将制定许多措施更好地保护公众。（4）institutional adj. 制度(上)的学会的；习以为常的;公共机构的； 慈善机构的29.grant（1）n. 拨款；法 授予物；补助金Theyd got a special grant to encourage research.（2）v. 授予；允许；承认；同意（3）take for granted认为理所当然Donttakeforgrantedthethingsclosest toyourheart.30.primarily（1）adv. 首先；主要地，根本上Public order is primarily an urban problem.公共秩序主要是一种城市问题。（2）prima adj. （意）第一的，主要的（3）primal adj. 原始的；主要的；最初的31.overall（1）adj. 全部的；全体的；一切在内的Thismoduleprovidestheoverallcontrolfortheapplication.此模块为应用程序提供全面的控制。（2）adv. 全部地；总的说来Overall I was disappointed.总的来说，我感到失望。（3）n. 工装裤；罩衫32.be compared with 与相比较Youcannotfindpeopletobecomparedwiththeminhistory.33.typically（1）adv. 代表性地；作为特色地；通常It typically takes a day or two, depending on size.通常需一天或两天，依大小定。34.bid(bade或 bid ;bidden或 bid;bidding)（1）v. 投标；出价；表示；吩咐She wanted to bid for it.她想出价买下它。（bid for投标；出价；许诺获支持）（2）n. 出价；叫牌；努力争取Hanson made an agreed takeover bid of $351 million.汉森按约定出价3.51亿美元进行收购。（3）in a bid to为了successful bid中标takeover bid收购行动；收购竞争；购并出价the olympic bid申奥bid document标书；招标文件；投标资料bid upv. 抬价bid against抬高竞买invitation for bid= bid inviting招标make a bid forv. 出价买；企图获得take-over bid经吸收合并出价；出价盘进35.enroll（1）v. 参加；登记；注册；使入伍（2）enroll in参加；选课Thisprogramwouldallowmorestudentstoenrollinourcourses,therebyincreasing ourincomefromstudent tuition.这一系统将使更多学生报名参加我们的课程，从而提高我们的学费收入。（3）enrollment n. 登记；入伍36.chorus（1）n. 合唱队；副歌 ；齐声；歌舞队Caroline sang two verses(主歌)and the chorus of her song.（2）v. 合唱；异口同声地说（3）in chorus一齐，一致，共同；异口同声The childrenrepeated thewordsafterherinchorus.孩子们跟她齐声朗读单词。37.critic（1）n. 批评家，评论家；爱挑剔的人Mather was a film critic for many years.马瑟做过多年的电影评论家。（2）reviewer n. 评论者，评论家38.pressure（1）n. 压力；压迫，物 压强（2）v. 迫使；密封；使增压He will never pressure you to get married.他永远也不会给你施加压力让你结婚。（3）under the pressure of在压力下high pressure高压，高气压；高度紧张blood pressuren. 血压low pressure松懈；低气压pressure vessel压力容器high blood pressure高血压（4） press v. 压；熨 ；按；逼迫；紧抱 Vera pressed his shirt.薇拉熨了他的衬衣。 n. 压；按；新闻；出版社；印刷机，打包机 press conference记者招待会，新闻发布会in the press正在印刷；即将出版press down压associated press美联社press release新闻稿；通讯稿press in压入press on强加于；向前推进oxford university press牛津大学出版社press ahead继续进行get good/bad press 受到媒体好评/批评 press chargesagainst 起诉I could have pressed charges against him.我原本可以起诉他的。（7）press for迫切要求；竭力争取Police might now press for changes in the law.警方现在可能会竭力争取法律的修改。39.destructive（1）adj. 破坏的；毁灭性的；有害的，消极的（2）destruction n. 破坏，毁灭；摧毁weapons of mass destruction大规模杀伤性武器40.reduce（1）v. 减少；缩小；归纳为；降低；使处于；把分解It reduces the risks of heart disease.它减小了犯心脏病的危险。（2）reducessb.to tears使流泪The attentions of the media reduced her to tears.媒体的关注使她流下了眼泪。（3）reduce pollution降低污染reduce weight整形美容减肥reduce waste减少浪费reduce by减少了41.fear（1）n. 害怕；恐惧；敬畏；担心Fearcausedhishairto rise.恐惧使他的毛发竖立起来。（2）v. 害怕；敬畏；为担心（3）for fear of 为了避免，唯恐in fear of 怕；为提心吊胆with fear 害怕地；吓得out of fear 出于恐惧fear for 为担心fear not the future不要为未来担忧42.one-sided（1）adj. 片面的，单方面的；不公正的，偏袒的The organization still believes the government is being one-sided.（2）one-sided love单相思（3）unfair adj. 不公平的，不公正的It was unfair that he should suffer so much.43.seek (sought, sought,seeking)（1）v. 寻求；寻找；探索；搜索；征求On important issues, they seek a second opinion.（2）seek forv. 寻找；追求；探索seek out找出；搜出；想获得seek advice征求意见；请教seek help寻求帮助，求助seek after追求；探索hide and seek捉迷藏seek throughv. 搜查遍44.exemption（1）n. 免除，豁免；免税Theincome taxisto bereimposed (重新征收)next yearafterten yearsexemption.（2）tax exemption= duty exemption免税exemption clause免责条款，免究条款exemption certificate免除证书personal income tax exemption个人所得税免除（3）an exemption（4）exempt v. 免除；豁免 South Carolina claimed the power to exempt its citizens from the obligation to obey federal law.南卡罗来纳州宣称有权使其公民免除遵守联邦法律的义务。 adj. 被免除的；被豁免的Men in college were exempt from military service.在校男大学生免服兵役。 n. 免税者；被免除义务者45. anti-trust （1）adj. 反垄断法；反托拉斯的（2）anti-trust law反托拉斯法 ; 反垄断法46.joint（1）n. 关节；接缝；接合处(点)；(牛,羊等的腿)大块肉；低档娱乐场所；大麻烟卷Her joints ache if she exercises.她的关节一运动就疼。（2）adj. 共同的；连接的；联合的，合办的（3）v. 连接，贴合；接合；使有接头（4）jointly adv. 共同地；连带地In spiteofdifferentopinions,wemuststay togetherandjointlyoppose the enemy.尽管有不同意见，我们必须团结一致共同对敌。47.merry-go-round n. 旋转木马；一连串的繁忙活动Itisonebigmerry-go-roundofhappiness. Join theride.这是一个幸福的循环，就像旋转木马，坐上木马来吧。48.sustain（1）v. 维持；支撑，承担；忍受，遭受；供养；证实Every aircraft in there has sustained some damage.（2）sustainable adj. 可以忍受的；足可支撑的；养得起的；可持续的The creation of an efficient and sustainable transport system is critical.（3）sustainability n. 持续性；永续性；能维持性49.break away 脱离；放弃；逃跑；抢先开始；破成碎片The horse broke away from the starting gate.那匹马从起跑门抢跑。The surface is rotten and breaks away when you touch it.这物表面已朽坏，你一碰就碎了。50.complicate（1）v. 使复杂化；使恶化；使卷入What complicates the issue is the burden of history.使问题复杂化是历史的重负.（2）complication n. 并发症；复杂；复杂化；混乱；使情况复杂化的因素The age difference was a complication to the relationship.年龄差异是使该关系复杂化的一个因素。51.middle-income adj. 中等收入的52.qualify（1）v. 限制；(使)具有资格；证明合格；通过预赛；使不太笼统I would qualify that by putting it into context.我会把它放入上下文中加以解释。（2）qualify for合格；有的资格Thisdegreewillqualifyyouforteaching.这个学位将使你有资格当教师。（3）qualify as取得资格；作为合适（4）qualification n. 资格；条件；限制；赋予资格53.tuition（1）n. 学费；讲授；指导Angelas $7,000 tuition at university this year will be paid for with scholarships.安吉拉今年$7000的大学学费将用奖学金来支付。（2）tuition fee学费tuition waiver学费减免（3）schooling n. 学校教育；学费 v. 教育（school的ing形式）；培养54.blur (blurred,blurred ,blurring)（1）n. 污迹；模糊不清的事物Out of the corner of my eye I saw a blur of movement on the other side of the glass.从眼角我看见了玻璃窗另一边一个移动的模糊身影。（2）v. 涂污；使模糊不清；使暗淡；玷污Her eyes, behind her glasses, began to blur.（3）blurry adj. 模糊的；污脏的；不清楚的55.entire（1）adj. 全部的，整个的；全体的He had spent his entire life in China as a doctor.他整个一生都在中国做医生。（2）entirely adv. 完全地，彻底地（3）entirety n. 全部；完全56.rewarding adj. 有益的，值得的；有报酬的，报答的57.superior（1）adj. 上级的；优秀的，出众的；高傲的We have a relationship infinitely superior to those of many of our friends.我们之间的关系远比我们许多朋友之间的关系好得多。（2）n. 上级，长官；优胜者，高手；长者Other army units are completely surrounded and cut-off from communication with their superiors.其他部队完全被包围，与上级的联系也被切断了。（3）superior quality优质，上等品；高级货品superior in在方面优越superior court高等法院；上级法院superior to others高人一等；优于其他immediate superior直接上级superior room精致客房；高级客房mother superior女修道院院长superior education超前教育（4）superiority n. 优越，优势；优越性Shewas prepossessedwith thenotion of her ownsuperiority.58.scholarship n. 奖学金；学识，学问59.vice（1）n. 恶习；缺点；机 老虎钳；卖淫（2）prep. 代替（3）v. 钳住（4）adj. 副的；代替的（5）vice premier副总理；乡长；国务委员；县长vice governor副省长standing vice固定老虎钳vice general manager副总经理inherent vice固有缺陷；内在缺陷60.endowment（1）n. 捐赠；捐助；捐款；天资；储蓄保险；养老金Wedonateto theschoolendowmentfundevery year.（2）endowment insurance养老保险（3）endow v. 赋予；捐赠；天生具有You are endowed with wealth, good health and a lively intellect.61.meanwhile（1）adv. 同时，其间（2）n. 其间，其时（3）in the meanwhile同时；在此期间62.approach（1）n. 方法；途径；接近There had already been approaches from buyers interested in the whole of the group.已经有一些对整个集团感兴趣的买主来接洽了。（2）v. 接近；着手处理；靠近He didnt approach the front door at once.（3）an approach to学习.的入门；学习.的途径make an approach to对进行探讨approach with以方式处理；向提出建议approach channel进港航道；引水渠62.eliminate（1）v. 消除；排除Recent measures have not eliminated discrimination in employment.（2）eliminate poverty消除贫困eliminate noise消除噪声eliminate illiteracy扫盲，扫除文盲（3）elimination n. 消除；淘汰；除去（4）eliminator n. 消除器；消除者63.loan（1）n. 贷款；借款；借用I am in need of a loan of a bike for a few weeks.我需要借辆自行车来用几周。（2）v. 借（出）；借给（3）on loan借用；借贷；借调Recall thetoolsonloan.把借出的工具要回来。（4）loan interest贷款利息student loan助学贷款bad loan呆帐，坏帐64.program（1）n. 程序；计划；大纲；节目Webeamed theprogramatAmerica.我们向美国播送节目。（2）v. 编程序；安排节目；设计电脑程式；为制订计划（3）programming n. 设计，规划；编制程序，计 程序编制（4）programmer n. 计 程序设计员65.acknowledge（1）v. 承认；答谢；报偿；告知已收到；(点头或微笑) 向致意He saw her but refused to even acknowledge her.他看到了她，但甚至都拒绝向她致意。（2）acknowledge receipt of 确认收到(来信)Iacknowledgereceiptofyourletterofyesterday, and gratefullyacceptthe appointment on thetermsyoumention.66.dean（1）n. 院长；系主任；教务长；主持牧师She was dean of the University of Washingtons Graduate School.她曾任华盛顿大学研究生院的院长。（2）assistant dean= associate dean副院长dean of admissions招生办公室主任；新生注册主任dean of students教导主任academic dean教务长67.undergraduate =un