高考英语《短文改错》课件.ppt

高考英语专题复习短文改错,三台中学李容,高考常见错误,一名词和冠词二动词三形容词和副词四代词五介词六数词,七非谓语动词八连词九复合句十逻辑关系,短文改错口诀,动词形，名词数，还要注意形和副；非谓语，细辨别，习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析，逻辑错误须关注；冠词连词常光顾。,一、动词形,主要包括两类错误：动词的时态和语态错误，以及主、谓不一致的错误。例如：,NMET2003：Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.NMET2000：Nowmypictureandprizeishanginginthelibrary.,read,are,动词形常见错误,一般过去时与一般现在时错用。第三人称单数形式错用。and前后动词时态不一致。(and具有对称性）主谓不一致。缺少谓语动词（尤其缺be动词）主动语态与被动语态错用Usedto的运用错误,2006安徽卷：Anyonecanborrowbooksifheorshewish.2006安徽卷：Youcansitatthedeskandreadthedailynewspapers,magazinesandtheotherbooks,butyouarenotpermittotakethemout,wishes,permitted,1.Aftertheyhadchosethebookstheywishedtoread,theinstructortoldthemtheprincipalpointshewantedthemtonote.,2.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherlikethefilm.,chosen,likes,3.Iwillliketoknowwhereyouwereborn.4.Iwouldlikeyoureaditagain.5.Myfathermustnthavesaidsuchathing.,would,to,couldnt/cant,二、名词数,指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。常表现为将名词复数写成单数。例如：,NMET2001：sothatIllgetgoodmarksinallmysubject.NMET2003:Theirwordwereagreatencouragementtome._,subjects,words,2007陕西卷：Personally,Ifoundmostlessonratheruninteresting.2008浙江卷：Anearbycompanywaslookingforstudentswithgoodhandwritingtowriteaddressesonenvelope.Thepaywas10centsperenvelope.,lessons,envelopes,2006福建卷：Ifyouhaveinterestsinit,replytomesoon.2006陕西卷：Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.Imsureyouwillfindoneyoulikeit.2006重庆卷：Insummer,theseaundertheblueskiesisevenmorebeautiful.,interest,courses,sky,1.Thebookwillgiveyoualltheinformationsyouneed.2.Heisongoodtermwithme.3.Heisagenerousfellow,andwillsoonmakefriendwithyouagain.4.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkatfamily,information,terms,friends,home,改正方法：1.根据名词前的修饰限定成份2.根据上下文的逻辑关系3.名词的单复数4.可数名词与不可数名词5.固定词组6.同义词与反义词,三、还要注意形和副,注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。例如：,NMET2004:Iwoulddescribemyselfasshyandquietly._NMET2005:Heaskedangryifwehadfinishedthework._,quiet,angrily,1.2008全国卷：IwilllearnmoreaboutthehistoryoftheOlympicsasgoodasthe2008Olympicgames.2.2006辽宁卷：Shewasusualpatientwithherstudentsandnevermadethemdisappointed.,well,usually,3.Youmustmakeyourparentshappily.4.HelookeddifferentlyafterhisreturnfromEurope.5.Thenumberofgirlsisveryfew.,happy,different,small,6.Mypronunciationwasterribly.(NMET2005),7.Unfortunate,therearetoomanypeopleinmyfamily.(NMET99),terrible,Unfortunately,命题特点及改正方法：主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误；修饰连系动词或名词用形容词；修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。,四、非谓语，细辨别,这是考查最多的错误形式之一。主要有现在分词、过去分词，动名词和不定式错误。例如：,NMET2001：MyparentslovemeandwilldoalltheycanmakesureNMET2002:Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories._NMET2003:SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmyselfinsimpleEnglish._,to,visited,talking,1.Theairkeepstheballoonupwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingdown.2.Ijustwanttothankyouforhelpingmebecomingadifferentperson.3.Theywantedonechildoranothertocomeoutandplayed.,keeping,become,play,4.Onhiswayhome,hesuddenlyheardhisnamecalling.5.Butthentherearealwaysmoremysterieslookinto.6.Afterlearnthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypracticaltome.,called,to,learning,非谓语动词常见的错误,1）不定式2）动名词作主语、宾语3）and连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时）4）现在分词和过去分词的区别等。,1.TheywilldoalltheycanmakesurethatIgetagoodeducation.(NMET2001),2.Playfootballmakesusgrowuptallandstrong.(NMET1998）,to,Playing,五、习惯用法要记住,主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识，其错误表现形式主要有三种：多词、少词和搭配错误。例如：,NMET2000:Suddenly,IcaughtasightofmyEnglishteacher._NMET2003:Myteacheradvisedmetokeepmydiary._,a,a,catchasightoflosemyheartinhurryinSundayafternoonsuchmanypeopleinashort,1.Dontapproachtoaworkofartinsuchaspirit.2.Theboywasabsorbedbuildingadaminthebrook.3.Iwasimpressedatthezealwithwhichhespokeoftheplan.4.Thegentlemaninsistedatmyreceivingthemoney.5.Atlastwereachedtothevillageatthefootofthehill,in,with,on,6.Becausethehelpyougavemethatsummer,mylifechanged.7.Whenayoungmanstartstoearnhisownliving,hecannolongerexpectotherstopayhisfood.8.Iimagineyoullbeatvacationyourselfbythattime.,of,for,on,六、句子成分多分析,不同的句子成分要用不同的词类；不同的语境要选择不同的词语。只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析，才能找出用词不当的错误。例如：,NMET2004:Idontknowthattheydontliketotalkwithme._NMET1997：IliveinBeijing，whereisthecapitalofChina._,why,which,1.MyroommatelivesinasmalltownincentralMissouri,aquiettownwhichIwouldliketolivemyself.2.TheUnitedStatesiscomposedoffiftystates,twoofthoseareseparatedfromtheothersbylandorwater.3.Thesephotoswillshowyouhowourvillagelookslike.4.Icannotmakesenseofthathesaidatthemeeting.,where,which,what,what,七、逻辑错误须关注,与句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，属于逻辑性错误，如称谓上的张冠李戴。例如：,NMET2003:ThemainproblemwasthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish._NMET2005:Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse._,everything,their,八、冠词、连词常光顾,常考的错误形式有：连词but，and，or和so的用法错误，以及冠词的用法错误等。例如：,NMET2000：ShewassmilingbutnoddingatmeNMET2001：Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.NMET2001：Wemaybeonefamilyandliveunderasameroof.,and,or,the,1.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.2.Hewillstaythereoneandtwodays.3.Theremaynotbemuchchoicebetweenthisoneorthat.4,Afterahourorsowebegantofeelveryfrightened.,and,or,and,an,5.30percentofgirlswouldliketobecometeacherswhenonly5percentofboyswanttodothisjob.6.Webecomemoreandmoreimpatientofinterruptionswhentheyearsgoon.7.ItwasnotuntilitbegantorainwhenInoticedhisumbrellaleftinmycar.,while,as,that,小结,做短文该错应采取三个步骤,1.通读短文，掌握大意,2.细读全文，逐一作答,3.复读全文，验证答案,四不改：,1.单词拼写不改.2.大小写不改.3.词序不改.4.标点符号不改.,“五改动”原则,忠实于原文原则(不可改变原文的原意)；虚词以添加或者删除为原则；实词以改变形式为原则；以多改少添加或删除为原则；每句最多改动两处，全文总共只改动10处。,“规范性”原则,严格按照示范规定的符号改错；确保符号使用正确，形式和位置正确无误；添加的单词和改正后的单词一定要写在规定位置。,掌握正确解题步骤,文,句,文,掌握大意，把握时态、人称和行文逻辑,整句理解，上下兼顾审查句子结构，进行语法改错,通读全文，检查验证,高考英语短文改错模拟训练,AtChristmasEve,JimwentwithhisfathertochooseaChristmastree.Theychooseabigone.Itwasalmostastallerastheroom!Theyputtheminthecornerofthesittingroom.Kate