高中英语语法专题复习状语从句PPT精选文档

状语从句,知识梳理,一、状语从句的类型及连词,二、引导状语从句的单词或短语1.when1)when引导时间状语从句时，从句的动作既可与主句的动作同时发生，也可先后发生。如：WhenthefamilycameherefromRussia,theywerepenniless.Whenthemealwasfinished,Rachelwashedup.,2)when可以引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”。如：Howcanweexplainittoyouwhenyouwontlisten?,2.while1)while引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语必须是延续性动词（如work,stay,wait,live等）。如：Pleasedonttalksoloudlywhileothersareworking.,2)while引导让步状语从句时，相当于although/though。while和although引导的让步状语从句不用倒装语序，though引导的让步状语从句可以倒装也可以不倒装。如：While/Although/ThoughIwasntcompletelysure,Ithoughthedbeendrinking.Strangethoughitmayseem,Ilikehousework.,3.until和till1)until和till都表示“直到”，常可互换，但till一般不用于句首，也不用于强调句中。2)until/till从句与肯定的主句连用时，主句的谓语必须是延续性动词，表示主句的动作一直持续到until/till所表示的时间为止。如：Youlljusthavetowaituntiltheycallyourname.Neilremainedtheretillhisbrotherarrived.,3)until/till从句与否定的主句连用时，主句的谓语是非延续性动词，表示“直到才”，即主句的动作到until/till所表示的时间才开始。如：LeodidntcomeuntilJameshadgoneoverhislesson.Oncehestartsadecoratingjobhewontstopuntilitsfinished.,4)notuntil引导的从句位于句首时，主句须部分倒装。如：NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealisehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.5)notuntil结构可用于强调句中。如：Itwasnotuntilshecametoseeusthatweknewhermotherwasillinbed.,4.as1)as引导时间状语从句时，表示“当时，随着”。如：Justasthetwomenwereleaving,amessagearrived.2)as引导原因状语从句时，一般放在句首，表示十分明显的原因。如：Asitisraining,weshallnotgocamping.,3)as引导让步状语从句时，通常用倒装结构。具体情况如下：a.“形容词+as+主语+系动词”或“副词+as+主语+实义动词”。如：Poorashewas,hewashonest.MuchasIlikeit,Iwontbuyit.b.名词+as+主语+系动词（句首的名词前多不带冠词）。如：Childasheis,heknowsalot.,c.实义动词+as+主语+助动词（如果没有助动词，则要加上do,does或did）。如：Tryasshewould,Suecouldntgetthedooropen.4)as引导方式状语从句时，意为“如，像，按照”。如：Hedidnotneedtokeepmovinghouse,ashisfatherhad.,5)as引导比较状语从句时，常用于as.as.和notso/as.as.结构中。如：Theywantpeaceasmuchaswedo.IcantrunasfastasIusedto.,5.nosooner.than和hardly.whennosooner.than和hardly.when意为“一就，刚就”。主句一般用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。nosooner,hardly位于句首时，主句的主谓语要部分倒装。如：Thewordshadnosoonerbeenspokenthanherealisedthatheshouldhaveremainedsilent.,Ihadhardlygothomewhenitbegantorain.Nosoonerhadwegottothestationthanthetrainleft.Hardlyhadwebegunwhenweweretoldtostop.,6.so.that和such.that二者均意为“如此以致于”，so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词。名词前有many,much,few,little这些词修饰时，要用so。“such+a(n)+adj.+单数可数名词+that”可转换成“so+adj.+a(n)+单数可数名词+that”。如：,TherearesomanygoodbooksinthatbookstorethatIcanhardlyknowwhattobuy.Itissuchabigjob/sobigajobthatwellhavetobeverycareful.,7.“疑问词+ever”构成的复合词与“nomatter+疑问词”“疑问词+ever”构成的复合词可以引导让步状语从句，在口语中可用“nomatter+疑问词”代替。如：Weredeterminedtohaveawonderfulholiday,howevermuch/nomatterhowmuchitcosts.Whatever/Nomatterwhatyoudo,dontpressthatbutton!,常见考点,在含状语从句的复合句中，主、从句通常根据实际时间关系来确定动词的时态，但有一点需要注意：在时间状语从句、条件状语从句或由“疑问词-ever”、“nomatter+疑问词”等引导的让步状语从句中，可以用一般现在时表将来。下面就状语从句考点进行归纳总结。,一、时间状语从句【考例】Itwasthemiddleofthenight_myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.(江西2014)A.thatB.asC.whichD.when,D,二、地点状语从句where在地点状语从句中，除了指地点外，还可指处境等。由where引导的地点状语从句与定语从句的区别：where引导定语从句时，从句前应有一个表示（抽象）地点或处所的名词作先行词，而状语从句前没有先行词。,1._heoncefeltlikegivingup,henowhasthedeterminationtopushfurtherandkeepongoing.(2015安徽)A.WhereB.AsC.IncaseD.Nowthat句意：在他曾经想要放弃的地方，他现在下定决心去争取进步继续前行。A.那里；B.尽管，当，因为，随着;C.以防；D.既然。where表示地点，引导地点状语从句；as引导让步状语从句常用倒装，即triedashehas;incase表目的；nowthat表原因。这里指让他感到想放弃的地方，故选A。,A,2.Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldntgetataxi_thebushaddroppedher.(2014重庆)A.untilB.whenC.althoughD.where,D,三、原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的常用连词有because,since,as,now(that)等。它们的用法区别是：because语气最强，述说直接原因，说明因果关系，常回答以why开头的问句；since,as和now(that)引导的从句用法相似，表示双方都知道的原因。,四、让步状语从句【考例】_theforestparkisfaraway,alotoftouristsvisititeveryyear.(北京2014)A.AsB.WhenC.EventhoughD.Incase,C,五、目的状语从句【考例】Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn_shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.(浙江2014)A.nowthatB.asifC.onlyifD.sothat,D,六、结果状语从句so.that和such.that表示“如此以致于”,so后面接形容词或副词，such后面接名词。但名词前有many,much,few,little这些词修饰时,要用so。“such+a(n)+adj.+单数名词+that”可转换成“so+adj.+a(n)+单数名词+that”。,七、条件状语从句【考例】Youwillnevergainsuccess_youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.(湖南2014)A.whenB.becauseC.afterD.unless,D,八、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的常用连词有as,asif/though。asif/though引导的状语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的假设。如果从句所表达的内容被看作是事实或者有可能是事实时，就要用陈述语气。,九、比较状语从句含as.as.的比较状语从句用在同级比较中,若表否定用notso/as.as.。其中第一个so/as是副词,修饰主句的形容词或副词的原形，后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。,37,I.选用括号内合适的内容填空。Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusic_(because,unless)ithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.（北京2016）2._(Since,While)onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.（浙江2016）,高考链接,because,While,38,3.Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,_(aslongas,eventhough)hesinhisnineties.（北京2016）4._(Once,Although)thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.（北京2015）5.Itwasthemiddleofthenight_(that,when)myfatherwokemeupandtoldmetowatchthefootballgame.（江西2014）,eventhough,Once,when,39,6.Themeaningoftheword“nice”changedafewtimes_(before,after)itfinallycametoincludethesense“pleasant”.（安徽2014）7.Halfanhourlater,Lucystillcouldntgetataxi_(when,where)thebushaddroppedher.（重庆2014）8.Cathyhadquitherjobwhenhersonwasborn_(nowthat,sothat)shecouldstayhomeandraiseherfamily.（浙江2014）,before,where,sothat,40,9.Youwillnevergainsuccess_(when,unless)youarefullydevotedtoyourwork.（湖南2014）10.Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,_(though,as)historycannotbechanged.（江苏2014）,unless,though,41,.选择填空。1.Youwontfindpapercuttingdifficult_youkeeppracticingit.(2015北京）A.evenifB.aslongasC.asifD.eversince句意：只要你不断练习，你就不会觉得剪纸很难。A即使，虽然；B只要；C犹如，好像；D自从。结合句意，故选B。,B,42,2.Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblem_wecansolveit.(2015天津)A.whileB.afterC.beforeD.as句意：在我们解决问题前，我们需要找到问题的根源。A当时候，而；B.在之后；C在之前；D正如。由句意可知选C。,C,3._scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldontknow.(2015安徽)A.OnceB.SinceC.ThoughD.Unless句意：尽管科学家对宇宙已经了解了许多，但是有许多我们仍然不能知晓的东西。A一旦；B既然，自从；C虽然；D除非。once和unless表示条件，since表示原因或时间；though表示让步或转折。这里是转折含义，故选C。,C,4._thejobtakesasignificantamountoftime.moststudentsagreethattheexperienceisworthit.(2015湖南)A.IfonlyB.AfterC.AlthoughD.IncaseA.Ifonly要是该多好啊(ifonly常常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，因此，主要用在虚拟语气中，用以表达强烈的愿望或非真实条件。常被译为“但愿”、“要是该多好啊”等),C,B.After在之后(用作连词是词，它引导的时间状语从句如果具有将来意义，往往要用一般现在时来表示(有时也用现在完成时)，而不能直接用一般将来时)C.Although虽然(表示“虽然”时，不要根据汉语习惯，在后面使用连词but,不过有时它可与yet,still,nevertheless等副词连用)D.Incase万一，假使(引导条件状语从句)；句意：虽然那个工作要花大量的时间，但是许多学生都觉得这种经历是值得的。故选C。,5.Thereisonlyonemoredaytogo_yourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.(2015四川)A.sinceB.untilC.whenD.before选项A.意为自从；选项B.意为直到；选项C.意为当时；选项D.意为在之前。根据句意选择D。句意：就剩一天时间，你最喜欢的乐队将会来现场表演。,D,专项练习,I.选用括号内合适的内容填空。1.Ihaveheardalotofstoriesaboutyou_(since,until)Icamebackfromthecity.2.Youcanttravelonthistrain_(unless,if)youhaveareservation.3._(Whatever,Whenever)Ihavetogivealecture,IgetextremelynervousbeforeIstart.,since,unless,Whenever,48,4.Theicewas_(so,as)thickthattherewasnodangeroftheskatersfallingthrough.5.Theywereplayinginthegarden_(when,while)theyheardascream.6.Iwillshowyouhowtopreparethisdish_(if,so)youcanprepareitforyourfamily.7.Hehas_(such,so)highmarksthathehasappliedforascholarship.,so,when,so,such,49,8.Thewomanwalkedoutoftheroom_(before,until)Ihadachancetoexplain.9.Much_(as,while)Ilikethesnow,itisgoodtogetbacktosomewarmweather.10.CharlesneedstolearnFrench_(since,although)hiscompanyisopeningabranchinParis.,before,as,since,50,11.Mysisterstayedatworklate_(inthat,sothat)shecouldcompletethereport.12._(Assoonas,Aslongas)sheenteredtheroom,sheknewtherewassomethingwrong.,sothat,Assoonas,51,II.选用合适的短语填空。inorderthat,asthough,nowthat,incase,aslongas,evenif1._wekeepplayingwell,wellkeepwinninggames.2.Shestaredatme_Iwereacompletestranger.3._thekidshavelefthomewevegotalotofextraspace.,Aslongas,asthough,Nowthat,inorderthat,asthough,nowthat,incase,aslongas,evenif4.Shesgoingtohaveproblemsfindingajob_shegetsherAlevels.5.Themanworeglassesandafalsebeard_nobodywouldrecognizehim.6.Allthesoldiershadtotaketheirmaskswiththem_therewasagasattack.,evenif,inorderthat,incase,53,III.用适当的连词填空。1._thebathroomwindowbrokeIwashavingashower.2.Ihadnosoonergottowork_mybosscalledmeuptohisoffice.3.Itallhappenedsoquickly_Inevergotagoodlookathisface.4.Scottjoinedthearmysoonafterhis18thbirthday,just_hisbrotherdid.,When,than,that,as,5.Youneedtothinktwice_youmakeadecision.6.Theshopkeepersaysthatshellhavetoclosetheshop_businessimproves.,before,unless,IV.根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子。1._(随着年龄的增长),youwillgrowwiser.2.Hewillneverpasstheexamination_(除非他努力学习).3._(无论她到哪儿),therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.,Asyougrowolder,unlesshestudieshard,Wherevershegoes,56,4.Hehas_/_(如此有趣的发型)thathegetsalotofattentionwhilewalkinginthestreet.5.Sheleavesherbedroomwindowopen,_(无论天气多么冷).,suchaninterestinghairstyle,howevercolditis,sointerestingahairstyle,57,V.选用合适的内容完成对话。because,when,sothat,assoonas,althoughOmar:ImsorryImnotheretotakeyourcall.PleaseleaveamessageafterthetoneandIllcallyou1._Igethome.Martha:Hello,Omar,itsMartha.ImafraidIhavetocancelourmeetingtomorrow.Myfathersjustphonedtosaymymothersbeentakenill.2._itsoundsquiteserious,Illhavetotaketimeofftogoandseeher.,assoonas,Because,58,because,when,sothat,assoonas,although3._Imaybeawayforafewdays,IhavemylaptopwithmewhileImthere4._Icandosomework.5._yougetthechance,givemearingandwellsortoutanothertimetomeet.Byefornow.,Although,sothat,When,VI.选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。ManypeoplehavecometoAmericaforfreedom.ButAfricanslosttheirfreedomandwerebroughttoAmericaagainsttheirwilltoworkinthefields.AfricansweretakenfromtheirhomesandputonslaveshipstocrosstheAtlantic.1._(As,When)conditionswerehard,manydiedalongtheway.2._(Because,Although)theyworkedhardfrommorningtillnight,As,Although,60,theyreceivednomoney.Infact,theywereoftenbeaten3._(if,unless)theydidntobey.Theywereforcedtoworkhard4._(sothat,nowthat)whiteplantationownerscouldbecomerich.5._(Because,Though)manypeopleintheNort