课件--五大基本句型.ppt

Chapter11五大基本句型,Pleasecorrectthewrongsentences.,Imwritingtoeverybodysomeadviceabouthowtokeephealthybeforetheexams.Itisimportantforyoutokeepyourselfhaveahealthylife.Wearegotobedearlyandgetupearlytoo.becauseisgoodforourbody.Ihopewewillmoreandmorehealthy.Itscanhelpyoumorehealthy.,writingtoyoutogivesomeadvice,keepyouhealthy,shouldgo/go,becauseitis,willbe,Itcanhelpyoubemorehealthy.,Whatmakesasentence?,Sentenceelements,谓语(v),定语(Attr),主语(s),宾语(IO,O),状语(Ad),补语(Cs,Co),主语,谓语,Vt,link-V,Vi,宾语,表语,Revision,表语(P),Point1简单句的五种基本类型（fivebasicsentencepatterns),Heruns.2.Peoplemakehistory.3.Knowledgeispower.4.Hegavemeabook.5.WecallherLily.,主+谓(+V),主+谓+宾(S+V+O),主+谓+间宾+直宾(S+V+IO+O),主+系+表(S+link-V+P),主+谓+宾+宾补(S+V+O+C),基本句型一:(主谓),主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当,Pridegoesbeforeafall.,Whoisspeaking,please?,Skatingisgoodexercise.,Totranslatethisidealintorealityneedshardwork.,Two-thirdsoftheworkersarewomen.,Whetherwellgodependsontheweather,动词前！,谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征只有动词才可以充当谓语。,Somechildrenaskedforcolddrinks.Ishallgotoseehimtomorrow.Imustaskhertoteachmetoswim,Imadeyourbirthdaycakelastnight.,Whatdoesthiswordmean?Iwontdoitagain.,(不及物动词),1.Thesunrose.2.Whocares?3.Whathesaiddoesnotmatter.4.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.5.Thepenwritessmoothly,共同特点:谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,基本句型二+（主谓宾）共同特点：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,宾语表示动作行为的对象，跟在及物动词之后，能作宾语的有名词，代词，数词，动词不定式等,Showyourpassport,please.Hedidntsayanything.Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.Theyaskedtoseemypassport.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?,动词后！,基本句型三+link-+（主系表）共同特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,keep,remain,等等。(2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become,get,grow,turn,go,come,prove,等等,表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态,Africaisabigcontinent.Thatremainsapuzzletome.Whatsyourfaxnumber?Ifeelmuchbettertoday.Herjobissellingcomputers.Ournextstepwastogetrawmaterialsready.Thepatientisoutofdanger.Idontfeelatease.Thisiswhathesaid.,连系动词后！,基本句型四+IO+（主谓间宾直宾）共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。通常这一间接承受者用一个介词来连接，当动作的间接承受者在动作的直接承受者之前时，这一介词往往被省略。,但若要先说出直接宾语（事物），后说间接宾语（人），则要借助于介词to或for。如：Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.用to侧重指动作的方向，表示朝着，向着，对着某人。用for侧重指动作的受益者，表示为了某人，替某人。常跟双宾语的动词有：（需借助to的）bring,give,lend,hand,offer,pass,pay,promise,return,send,show,teach,tell,write,ask等；（需借助for的）buy,call,cook,choose,draw,find,get,make,order,sing,save,spare等。,基本句型五+（主谓宾宾补）,共同特点:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。,宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。可以用作宾语补足语的有名词,形容词,不定式,动名词,分词,介词短语等。,宾语补足语，就是补充说明宾语的,Iconsiderhimagentleman.Washyourhandsclean.Ifoundhimout.Theyleftmewait.Iheardmynamecalled.Ithoughthimtobeagoodman.Makeyourselfathome.Hiswifehasmadehimwhatheis.,(一)挑出下列句中的宾语Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?Theoldmansittingatthegatesaidhewasill.,(二)挑出下列句中的表语-Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.-Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.-SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.,(四)挑出下列句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.,典型例题分析,1.Theyworkhard.主+谓2.Theflowerisdead.主+系+表3.Plantsneedwater.主+谓+宾4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.主+谓+间宾+直宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主+谓+宾+宾补6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.主+谓,1HespeaksEnglishverywell.2Heisplayingunderthetree.3Threethousandpeoplewatchedthegame.4Manymenareworkingthere.5Ifeelmuchbettertoday.6Herjobissellingcomputers.7Ournextstepwastogetrawmaterialsready.8Whetherwellgodependsontheweather.9Iheardmynamecalled.10Ithoughthimtobeagoodman.11Makeyourselfathome.12Hiswifehasmadehimwhatheis.13Theboywaspraisedforhisbravery.,SVO,SV,SVO,SV,SVP,SVO,SVOC,SVO,SVOC,SVOC,(S)VOC,SVOC,SVIoDo,除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。下面以基本句型五（s+v+o+o.c）为例：Wefoundthehallfull.我们发现礼堂坐满了。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师。Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreport.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听一个重要报告。WefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreportmadebyacomradefromthePeoplesDailyoncurrentaffairsinEastEurope.我们发现大礼堂坐满了学生和教师，在听人民日报的一位同志作有关东欧局势的重要报告。,不同的动词使用的句型也不尽一样，因此在学习动词时，应掌握动词的类型。以get为例：Hesgettingangry.(SVP)Hegotthroughthewindow.(SVO)Youllgetasurprise.(SVO)Hegothisshoesandsockswet.(SVOC)在句子中词类和词的位置也影响句子的句型和意思:Ifoundthebookeasily.我很容易地找到了这本书。(SVOM）Ifoundthebookeasy.我觉得这本书很容易。（SVOC）Ihavetodosomething.我得做点事。Ihavesomethingtodo.我有点事做。,练习:判断下面的句子是哪种句型Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.主+谓Thisfoodlooksinviting.主+系+表3.Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.主+谓+宾+宾补4.Goodkeepsyouhealthy.主+谓+宾+宾补,5.Thepalaceswerelargeandbeautiful.主+系+表6.Horse-riding,hammerthrowandshootingaresomeofthemoreunusualevents.主+系+表,8.Iwillpickuprubbishfromtheground.主+谓+宾9.Youcanplantatreeorbuildabirdhouse.主+谓+宾10.Iwilltellmyfriendstoprotecttheenvironment.主+谓+宾+宾补,ALebanesewhohadleftthecountryforSyriaduringtheconflictbetweenIsraelandHizbollah,returnswithherfamilyfollowingtheceasefire,attheLebanon-SyriaborderinMagdelAnjarAugust14,2006.,S+V,A53-pointwinoverSouthKoreawrappedupaperfectAsianexhibitiontourforastar-studdedU.S.teamonitswaytotheworldchampionships.S+V+O,AccordingtothecurrentinformationheldbytheChineseauthorities,averdictarrivedatbytheUnitedNationsFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)andthebirdfluresearchandtestcentreofThailandwasarbitraryandbasedonthefactthatthevirusfoundinThailandandLaoswassimilartorecentfindsinsouthernChina,theministrysstatementsaid.s+link-v+p,FirstputforwardbytheFrenchmathematicianPierredeFormatintheseventeenthcentury,thetheoremhadbaffledandbeatenthefinestmathematicalminds,includingaFrenchwomanscientistwhomadeamajoradvanceinworkingouttheproblem,andwhohadtodresslikeamaninordertobeabletostudyattheEcolabpolytechnique.,这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。,简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句。,S+v+o,实际应用I,Hesentmeane-mail,_togetfurtherinformation.A.hopedB.hopingC.tohopeD.hope,实际应用I,_lateinthemorning,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.SleepB.SleepingC.TosleepD.Havingslept,实际应用I,_atthedoorbeforeentering,please.A.KnockedB.ToknockC.KnockingD.Knock,实际应用I,_bloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.A.GivingB.GiveC.GivenD.Togive,实际应用I,Themanager,_hisfactorysproductswerepoorinquality,decidedtogivehisworkersfurthertraining.A.knowingB.knownC.toknowD.beingknown,实际应用I,7.Itisbelievedthatifabookis_,itwillsurely_thereader.A.interested;interestB.interesting;beinterestedC.interested;beinterestingD.interesting;interest,实际应用I,Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_thegirlandtookheraway,_intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing,实际应用I,Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.A.tosmellB.smellingC.smellD.tobesmelt,实际应用I,Englishhasalargevocabulary,hasntit?-Yes,_morewordsandexpressionsandyoullfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.A.KnowB.KnowingC.ToknowD.Known,实际应用I,Readingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatching