Unit 4I used to be afraid of the dark.

Unit 4 I used to be afraid of the dark.重点词组1. no matter无论什么2.made in China 中国制造3.everyday things日常用品.4. avoid doing sth.避免做某事,避免,避免干某事5. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛, 6. traffic accidents 交通事故7. no longer= not any longer不再 no more = not any more8. in the future在将来；在未来9 .such as比如 10. turn into 变成 11. according to 根据12. send out释放 13. in trouble 处于麻烦中14. be covered with被覆盖 15. rise into上升到16. paper cutting剪纸17. at a very high heat在高温下烧烤18. fairy tale中国童话故事19. add to 加入；加到；增加20. walk to school步行去学校21. wear school uniform穿校服 22. be nervous about= be nervous of为.紧张其后可以接名词、代词或动名词，23. my six-year-old brother我6岁的弟弟 24. in person= by oneself亲身，亲自, 25. have problems/trouble in doing sth. 26. be proud of=take prize in感到自豪27. make a decision作决定, 28. boarding school寄宿学校,29. be absent from缺席.30. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事31. even though即使 32. in the last few years在过去的几年里33. keep in silence保持沉默 34. all over the world 全世界；世界各地35. dare to do sth.敢于做某事 36. deal with应付；处理, 37. in public公开地；在别人面前, 38. take up拿起；开始从事；占据(时间,地方)39. give up放弃, 40. worry about担心41. a small number of, 一小部分42. be interested in对感兴趣 43. forget to do sth.忘记去做某事44. forget doing sth.忘记做过某事45. remember to do sth.记得去做某事46. remember doing sth.记得做过某事47.used to do sth.过去常常干某事48.send sb. to sp.送某人去某地49. make sb. surprised使某人惊讶的是50. from time to time 不时；有时51. the road to success 成功之路52. get tons of attention 得到大量的关注53fail in doing sth. 做某事失败54. have an influence on sb.对某人有影响 在有困难掌握下列句型 - Did Mario use to be short?-Yes, he did, He used to be really short.- You used to be short, didnt you?-Yes, I did. / No, I didnt.重点句式：1 .No matter what you may buy，you might probaby think those products were made in those countries. 2 .He found it interesting that so many products in the local shops were made in China. 3 .He realized that Americans can hardly avoid buying products made in China.4. Most of the earths surface is covered by water.5. Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.6. According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.7. He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.8. They are made of bamboo and covered with paper.9. They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.10. Paper cutting has been around for over 1，500 years.11. During the Spring Festival，they are put on windows，doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.12. It is hard to believe that he used to have difficulties in school.13. Now I understand that even though they are busy, they are always thinking of me .They take pride in everything good that I do.14. Its very important for parents to be there for their children.15. I get tons of attention everywhere I go.无论我到哪里，总是被人关注。16. Hanging out with friends is almost impossible for me now because there are always guards around me. 17. Many times I thought about giving up, but I fought on.许多次我都想放弃，但我奋力坚持了下来。知识点讲解一used to1定义：used to是一个情态动词，意为“曾经，过去常常”。表示过去曾经存在或经常发生，但现在已经停止的行为或习惯，后接动词原形，强调过去与现在的对比。used to只用于一般过去时，可用于各种人称。 注意：used to不与表示过去的时间状语连用。2构成： 肯定式: 主语+used to+动词原形+其他否定式：主语+didnt use to/usednt to +动词原形+其他一般疑问句：did+主语+ use to +动词原形+其他？ 反意疑问句：主语+used to+动词原形+其他，didnt /usednt+主语（人称代词）?3. 1)used to do sth.过去常做某事 ，其中used to 是情态动词 Eg. He used to go to our school.2)be/get used to(doing) sth.习惯于（做）某事，其中used是形容词Eg. I used to getting up early every day. 3)be used to do sth./for (doing) sth.被用来做某事，used是动词use的过去分词 Eg. The knife is used to cut things. The knife is used for cutting things.二. avoid v. 避免，回避； 表示“避免”“回避”“躲避”，本身为及物动词，后接宾语不要想当然误加介词，【例句】 我想她是在躲着我。 I think she is avoiding me.【练习】It seems that something is wrong with Pam, She is always trying to avoid _my questions.A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered三. No matter what you may buy, you might think those products were made in those countries. 无论你买什么，你都可能认为那些产品是在那些国家生产的。此句为由no matter +特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句。意为“无论.”，相当于whatever.【练习】_I said to her, she still didnt believe me.无论我对她说什么，她仍然不相信我。【no matter用法】no matter常用作连词词组，作“不管”、“无论”解，后接what / who / when等词，引导让步状语从句，主要用于“no matter what / which / who / whose / where / when / how+主句”句型中。我们在运用时，应注意以下几点。（1）从句的时态no matter what / who / when表示无论在什么条件下进行随意的选择，都会出现主句所发生的情况，因此，从句中可用一般现在时表示未发生的动作。【例句】：No matter when he comes again，hell be welcome。不管他何时再来，他都会受到欢迎。No matter how many patients come， we shall be able to look after them。 无论来多少病人，我们都照料得了。（2）被修饰的名词或形容词、副词的位置no matter what / which / whose还可以修饰名词，此名词必须紧跟其后，置于从句的主语之前；no matter how修饰形容词或副词时亦如此。【例句】： No matter whose bag it is， it will be kept here until the owner returns。 不管这是谁的包，都要保管到主人回来。Well have to find the job， no matter how long it takes。不管花多长时间，我们都得找到工作。（3）no matter who， what， when等引导让步状语从句时，可与whoever， whatever， whenever等换用。【例句】： No matter who knocks，dont open the door。= Whoever knocks dont open the door。 不管谁敲门，都不要开门。No matter what problem you have，turn to me。 = Whatever problem you have，turn to me。 不管你有什么问题，来找我帮忙好了。四. other和else当表示“别的”含义时，other用在名词之前； 而else用在不定代词或特殊疑问词之后。Some students like P.E. class. Other students hate it.What else do you know？Anything else?五. 15-year-old 为复合形容词，在句中作定语修饰后面的名词。 其结构为“数词+名词+形容词”，其中名词必须为单数形式，连字符不能省略。如： He is an eight-year- old boy.七deal with= _“对付、应付、处理” 在特殊疑问句中，deal with与how连用，do with与what连用 在动词不定式短语to deal with中，必须带宾语 e.g: I dont know how to deal with it.我不知道如何处理这件事。八， prepare v.准备，预备 prepared adj.事先准备好的 preparation n.准备be prepared to do sth. 准备做某事 prepare sb. sth.= prepare sth. for sb. 给某人准备某物 prepare to do sth.准备做某事 九a small number of. 一小部分 a number of(+复数名词) “许多”，谓语动词用复数 the number of(+复数名词) “的数量”，谓语动词用单数eg; A number of students _ (be) watching TV. The number of them _ (be) big.十.be worried about表示一个状态； 而worry about 表示一个动作e.g.Theres nothing to worry about 没什么好担心的 Dont worry about him ,he will be OK soon.别担心他，他很快就会好的。 He is worried about his schoolwork all day.他整天担忧他的学业。十二、notanymore 意为“不再”，也写作notany more,相当于no more.常 用来修饰非延续性动词，表示今后不再重复以前发生的动作，多指数量上、程度上不再增加。 例：He didnt come anymore. 他不再来了。 The baby didnt cry anymore.= The baby mo more cried. 这个小孩不再哭了。十三. require及物动词，意为“需要，要求” 常用搭配为：require sb to do sth，意为“要求某人做某事。 例：The letter requires an immediate answer.这封信需要立即回复。 We required him to keep it secret. 我们要求他对这事保密。十四.be afraid of sth.害怕 be afraid to do sth. 不敢做 be afraid that 恐怕 I am afraid so.恐怕如此。 I am afraid not.恐怕不是。跟踪练习：1）She is afraid at night.(不敢晚上出去)2） she cant come.(恐怕她不能来)3）Do you think it will rain tomorrow?- . The radio says it will sunny.十五. Be interested in (doing)sth.take/have/show an interest in (doing) sth.He math, but he isnt interested in_English. 他对数学感兴趣，但对说英语不感兴趣。语法被动语态：1基本构成： be（ ? ） 过去分词（动词pp）被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和单复数方面应与主语 保持一致。其具体变化为：1). 一般现在时：amisare pp 2). 一般过去时： 3). 一般将来时：shallwill be pp 4). 过去将来时： 5). 现在进行时：amisare being pp 6). 过去进行时：7). 现在完成时：havehas been pp8). 过去完成时：9). 含情态动词的：can/ may/must be pp2. 基本用法 被动语态常用于以下两种情况： 1)不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者； 2)强调动作的承受者。例如： a. 这棵树是(被) 那个男孩弄断的。 The tree _ _ by that boy. ( break) b. Tom出身于1989年。Tom _ _ in 1989. ( bear) c. 这种书主要是针对青少年的。 This kind of book _ _ at teenagers. ( aim)3熟练转换。转换图示：4.【横向辐射】be made of/from/up of的区别1. be made of 表示制成成品后，仍可看出原材料是什么保留原材料的质和形状，制作过程仅发生物理变化。【例句】：The kite _ _ _paper风筝是用纸做的。 2. be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征，或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化，在成品中已无法辨认。【例句】The paper_ _ wood纸是木头做的。 Butter_ _ _ milk黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。3. be made up of 用构成或组成的。指人、物皆可，指结构成分【例句】Our class _ _ _ _six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。4、be made in 地点 意为“在（地方）制成”； 5、be made by 意为“被（某人）制成”。活学活用(1) 这个飞机模型是用木头做的。The model plane _ _ _wood. (2)葡萄酒是由葡萄酿成的。Wine _ _ _ grapes.(3) 这些汽车是在上海制造的。These cars _ _ _ Shanghai.(4)这些蛋糕是我姐姐昨晚制作的。These cakes _ _ _ my sister last nigh巩固训练单项选择( ) 1 . _last week? A. What happened to her B. What was happened to her C. What was she happened( ) 2 . One third of the earths surface _ water. A. is covered by B. was covered by C. covers by( ) 3. The boy_ Tom is made_ without food every day A. named, work B. called, sing C