初升高英语衔接课7-8句子基本成分及句型

BasicPartsofEnglishSentence,英语句子的种类,简单句(simplesentence),并列句(compoundsentence),复合句(complexsentence),简单句(simplesentence),只包含一个主谓结构Maryopenedthedoor.两个主语和一个谓语Steveandhisfriendarecomingtodinner.一个主语和两个谓语Maryopenedthedoorandgreetedtheguests.,并列句(compoundsentence):把两个或几个简单句用并列连词连接起来，则成为一个并列句。,IturnedontheTV.Iwatchedit.IturnedontheTVandwatchedit.Iboughtmysisterapresent.Shedidntlikeit.Iboughtmysisterapresent,butshedidntlikeit.,并列句,并列句,常用并列连词coordinatingconjunctions,平行并列连词:转折并列连词：因果并列连词:选择并列连词:,and,bothand,notonlybutalso,neithernor,but,however,while,yet,for,so,or,eitheror,请用合适的并列连词把每组句子合并为一个并列句。1.Hewastired.Hewenttobed.2.Thechildhidbehindhismothersskirt.Hewasafraidofthedog.,Hewastired,sohewenttobed.,Thechildhidbehindhismothersskirt,forhewasafraidofthedog.,Hemadeapromise.Hedidntkeepit.,Hemadeapromise,butHedidntkeepit.,Maryisopeningthedoor.Johnisgreetingherguests.,Maryisopeningthedoor,andJohnisgreetingherguests.,复合句:主句+从句主句是一个完整的句子(independentsentence),它可以独立存在。从句是一个不完整的句子,它必须和一个主句连用，不能独立存在.,Bythetimehearrived,1wehadalreadyleft.2,请指出该复合句的主句和从句部分。,从句,主句,复合句类型：1.形容词性（定语）从句(TheAjectiveClause)2.副词性（状语）从句(TheAdverbialClause)3.名词性（主语、宾语、表语和同位语）从句(TheNounClause)。,中学生英文写作中经常使用的从句有：宾语从句状语从句定语从句,指出下列各从句的类型：,Ihopethateverythingisallright.ShewasreadingthenewspaperwhenIcamein.Sheisthegirlwhosingsbestofall.,宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句,Hehasfoundout.Shewaslate.(why),请用括号中所给的词把每组句子连接为一个复合句。,Istillremembertheday.IfirstcametoBeijingonthatday.(when),IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.,Hehasfoundoutwhyshewaslate.,IllgivethelettertohimwhenIseehim.Hedidntcomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.Itissuchabigboxthatnobodycanmoveit.Wellgotothegreatwallifitsfinetomorrow.Althoughtheplaceisquitepleasant,weshouldnotgothereallthetime.,有下划线的词叫从属连词(subordinatingconjunction),请用所学知识改正下列病句Myroommatewassleeping,wedidntwanttowakeherup.Iwenttobed.BecauseIwastired.,Myroommatewassleeping.Wedidntwanttowakeherup.Myroommatewassleeping,sowedidntwanttowakeherup.IwenttobedbecauseIwastired.,英语长句的分析,一、长句的特点：(1)修饰语多；(2)并列成分多；(3)语言结构层次多。,eg.Thestudymadeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.,二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤：(1)找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，(复合句则找出主句的主、谓、宾）从整体上把握句子的结构。,Thestudymadeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.,Thestudymadeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.,主句：Thestudymadethatclear.,(2)找出句中所有的非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。,Thestudymadeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.,(3)分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句等；若是状语，它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等等。,Thestudymadeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.,(4)分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系，例如，定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。,Thestudymadeclearthattheworkingclassthatissoover-representedincrimestatisticsconsistsoflower-classpeoplelivinginthelower-classareasoflargecities.,Theworkingclassconsistsoflower-cla