托福听力 unit3 主旨题.ppt

启德学府,Listening,Unit3主旨题,TOEFLIBTLISTENING,题型,1.主旨题gist-content2.事实细节题detail,3.态度/功能题attitude/function4.表格题chart,5.组织结构题organization6.推断题inference,为神马抓主旨很重要！？,人不可能把听力材料里的一字一句完全记录下来！,主旨可以帮助掌握事态的发展方向！,Gist-Content,Gist-Purpose,Detail,50%,BasicComprehensionQuestions,主旨题解题要点,关键-寻找能够全面概括语料的主题有些误导选项的确会出现在材料中，但并不能全面概括整篇文章So要排除那些只涉及局部听力材料的选项。,主旨题,五大攻略1.开门见山听开头2.主旨要义必反复3.结尾关注后三句4.难点要点狠抓住5.利用笔记联细节,主旨题攻略一,1.开门见山听开头（1）作用：帮助你了解段落主旨的信息。（2）分类Conversation开头寒暄过后，经常有固定的模式引出主旨，说出说话人的目的，基本上后面就会跟着各种各样的帮助。：IwaswonderingifyoucouldIwouldliketodoImkindofthinkingof或教授提问：WhatcanIdoforyou?学生的答语即为正选。,主旨题攻略一,Lecture录音提示，听“Listentopartofalectureina/an_class.”接下来，教授在lecture中开头一般会用这样的表达：Okay,todayIwanttotalkaboutWhatwevegoingtotalkabouttodayisToday,IwanttolookatToday,wearegoingtotalkaboutIdliketobeginmylecturebyintroducing.LetsfocusonLetsnowtakealookat.在这些短语之后，都会引出全文topic,主旨题攻略二,主旨要义必反复。关键词和词组可以帮助我们识别对话或讲座的话题。说话人会对其重读或重复。分类名词：举例？动词：形容词副词,主旨题攻略三,结尾关注后三句首尾照应，有时会在结尾处再次重复或强调文章主旨。,主旨题攻略四,难点要点狠抓住如果开头没有主题句，则需要总结全篇内注意：全篇重复的词汇、概念结尾段的观点/总结性内容。,主旨题攻略五,利用笔记联细节排查出最能把笔记中所有的细节关联的主旨,主旨题,正确选项pk干扰选项之非常3+4,主旨题正确选项之非常3,3-1.名词结构为+总结含义词典型结构为：the+信号词+of+sth.常见信号词：development,growth,origin,feature,trend,comparison,information,characteristics,history,classification,era,invention,主旨题正确选项之非常3,2.todo结构举例A.Toasktheprofessorforaform.B.Tofindoutwhatwillbetaught.C.Togetasignatureonaform.D.Toaskaquestionaboutsomecoursematerial.,主旨题正确选项之非常3,3-3.有时有以特殊疑问词开头howwhenwhy的句型举例？,主旨题干扰选项之+4,干扰项：太笼统不求甚解太具体鸡毛蒜皮不准确（错误或部分错误）未提及无中生有,Section3主旨题,三大类别：开门见山式中段式总结式,主旨题,全真例题,开门见山式,解题要点：听准开头。Conversation开头寒暄过后，经常有固定的模式引出主旨，说出说话人的目的，基本上后面就会跟着各种各样的帮助。：IwaswonderingifyoucouldIwouldliketoImkindofthinkingof或教授提问：WhatcanIdoforyou?学生的答语即为正选。,题型演练TPO1-1,练习1Whydoesthestudentgotoseethelibrarian?TosignupforaseminaronusingelectronicsourceforresearchToreportthatajournalismissingfromthereferenceareaTofindouttheprocedureforcheckingoutjournalarticlesToaskabouthowtolookforresourcesforaclasspaper,练习原文,NarratorListentopartofaconversationbetweenastudentandalibrarian.StudentHi,um,Ireallyhopeyoucanhelpme.LibrarianThatswhyImhere.WhatcanIdoforyou?StudentImsupposedtodoaliteraturereviewformypsychologycourse,butImumhavingahardtimefindingarticles.Idontevenknowwheretostartlooking.,题型演练TPO1-1,练习1Whydoesthestudentgotoseethelibrarian?TosignupforaseminaronusingelectronicsourceforresearchToreportthatajournalismissingfromthereferenceareaTofindouttheprocedureforcheckingoutjournalarticlesToaskabouthowtolookforresourcesforaclasspaper,题型演练-练习2,Whydoesthemangotoseehisprofessor?ToborrowsomechartsandgraphsfromherToaskhertoexplainsomestatisticalproceduresTotalkaboutareportheiswritingTodiscussagradehegotonapaper,练习原文,NarratorListentoaconversationbetweenastudentandaprofessor.StudentUh,excuseme,ProfessorThompson.Iknowyourofficehoursaretomorrow,butIwaswonderingifyouhadafewminutesfreenowtodiscusssomething.ProfessorSure,John.Whatdidyouwanttotalkabout?StudentWell,IhavesomequickquestionsabouthowtowriteuptheresearchprojectIdidthissemesteraboutclimatevariations.,题型演练-练习2,Whydoesthemangotoseehisprofessor?ToborrowsomechartsandgraphsfromherToaskhertoexplainsomestatisticalproceduresTotalkaboutareportheiswritingTodiscussagradehegotonapaper,题型演练TPO3-1,练习3Whydoesthewomancometotheoffice?Tonotifytheuniversityofherchangeofheraddress.Tofindoutwhereherphysicsclassisbeingheld.Togetdirectionstothesciencebuilding.Tocomplainaboutherclassbeingcanceled.,练习原文,NarratorListentoaconversationbetweenastudentandareceptionistattheRegistrarsOfficeonthefirstdayofthesemester.StudentExcuseme,Imsupposedtobehavingmyphysicsclassinthesciencebuilding,butnoonesintheclassroom.Couldyoutellmewheretheclassis?Physics403hasitbeenmoved?,题型演练TPO3-1,练习3Whydoesthewomancometotheoffice?Tonotifytheuniversityofherchangeofheraddress.Tofindoutwhereherphysicsclassisbeingheld.Togetdirectionstothesciencebuilding.Tocomplainaboutherclassbeingcanceled.,题型演练TPO5-1,练习4Whatdothespeakersmainlydiscuss?TodiscussrecentinnovationsinlaboratoryequipmentHowthewomancankeepupinheracademicstudiesThewomansadjustmenttolifeattheuniversityThewomansdecisiontotransfertoanotheruniversity,练习原文,NarratorListentoaconversationbetweenastudentandacounselorattheUniversityCounselingCenter.StudentHi,thanksforseeingmeinsuchshortnotice.CounselorNoproblem.HowcanIhelp?StudentWell,IthinkImighthavemadeamistakecomingtotheschool.CounselorWhatmakesyousaythat?StudentImalittleoverwhelmedbythesizeofthisplace.Icomefromasmalltown.Therewereonly75ofusinmyhighschoolgraduatingclass.Everyonekneweveryone.Weallgrewuptogether.CounselorSoitsabitofacultureshockforyou?Beingoneof15,000studentsonabigcampusinanunfamiliarcity?StudentThatsanunderstatement.Ijustcantgetcomfortableinclassorinthedorms.Youknow,socially.,题型演练,练习4Whatdothespeakersmainlydiscuss?TodiscussrecentinnovationsinlaboratoryequipmentHowthewomancankeepupinheracademicstudiesThewomansadjustmenttolifeattheuniversityThewomansdecisiontotransfertoanotheruniversity,中段式主旨题,解题要点：重点听信号词：initial/original/remindof/backtomypoint/continueThatremindsmeofmyinitial/originalideaofcominghereThatsthereasonIcomeforu,toBacktomyproblem,IwaslookingforyoutoaskOk,backtoourclass,todaywellcontinueourdiscussionon,题型演练TPO23conversion2,练习118.Whydoesthemangotoseetheprofessor?TodiscussagradehereceivedonapaperTogetadviceaboutwhichcourseheshouldtakenexttermToaskaquestionaboutareadingassignmentTorequestpermissiontotakeanadvancedcourse,练习原文,Narrator:ListentoaconversationbetweenastudentandhisEnglishprofessor.Professor:Hi,Bob.Howisitgoing?AreyouenjoyingtheIntroductiontoLiteratureclass?Bob:Yeah,itsgreat.Araby,thatshortstorybyJamesJoycewereadlastweek,itwasawesome.Professor:Imgladyoulikeit.MostofJoycesworkisverycomplex.Alotofstudentssaythatheishardtounderstand.Normally,youwouldnttackleJoyceinanIntroclass,butIdliketogivemyfirstyearstudentsatasteofhisstyle,hispsychologicalapproachtoliterature,because?mainlybecauseitinfluencedotherwriters.Ionlywishwehadmoreclasstimetodiscussit.Bob:Metoo.SowhydidyoupickArabyinsteadofsomeotherstory?Professor:Well,um,firstyoushouldknowthatArabyisoneoffifteenshortstoriesbyJoyceinabookcalledDubliners.Uh,allthestoriesarerelatedtooneanother,andtheyaresetinthesametimeperiod.ButArabyistheeasiestonetofollow.Thoughallthestoriesinthecollectionarewritteninstreamofconsciousness,whichasyouknow,meanstheyaretoldthroughthenarratorsthought,throughaninnermonologue,asopposedtodialogueoranobjectivedescriptionofevents.ButArabyiseasierbecauseitslinear,thestoryunfoldchronologically.Bob:Still,IwishwecouldreadwholenovelsbyJoyceanddiscussedtheminclass.Professor:ThatswhathappensinmyMasterWriterClass.Bob:MasterWriterClass?Professor:Yeah,IteachoneonJoyceeveryspring.Itssuchaprivilege,spendinganentiretermdivingintoasinglebodyofwork.Andmystudents,theybringsomuchinsighttothetablethatitseasytoforgetwhotheprofessoris.Bob:Oh,wow.Thatcouldactuallysolvemydilemma,uh,whatIoriginallywantedtoaskyou?um,Iamworkingonmyschedulefornextterm,andIvegotroomforonemorecourse,andIdliketotakemoreliterature.CouldItakeyourMasterWriterClassonJoyce?,题型演练,练习1Whydoesthemangotoseetheprofessor?TodiscussagradehereceivedonapaperTogetadviceaboutwhichcourseheshouldtakenexttermToaskaquestionaboutareadingassignmentTorequestpermissiontotakeanadvancedcourse,中段主旨题,练习2TPO13-56.Whatisthemainpurposeofthelecture?ToinvestigatetheinformationknownaboutthetroubadoursToexplaintheroleofpatrioticpoetryduringmedievaltimesToexplainwhyopinionsaboutknightschangedduringthemedievalperiodTocomparetwodifferenttypesofmedievalpoems,Professor:OK,sothetwopoemswearelookingattodayfallintothecategoryofmedievaltimes,whichwashowlongago?.LetsstartwiththeChansonpoetryfirst.Professor:Good,wevegotaprettygoodpictureofwhattheChansonherowaslike.Nowletscomparethattotheherointheotherpoem.,练习2TPO13-56.Whatisthemainpurposeofthelecture?ToinvestigatetheinformationknownaboutthetroubadoursToexplaintheroleofpatrioticpoetryduringmedievaltimesToexplainwhyopinionsaboutknightschangedduringthemedievalperiodTocomparetwodifferenttypesofmedievalpoems,练习3TPO7-1,whydoesthemangotoseetheprofessorTohandinalateassignmentTofindoutaboutjobsinthedepartmentTodiscussDeanAdamscurrentresearchTovolunteertohelporganizeanevent,（开头）Eric:Hi,ProfessorMason,doyouhaveaminute?Pro:Yeah,ofcourse,Eric.IthinktherewassomethingIwantedtotalktoyouabouttoo.Eric:Probablymylateessay.Eric:Ah,Idontknow.ButIwanttoofferhelpwithit.Youknowwhateveryouneed.,练习3TPO7-1,whydoesthemangotoseetheprofessorTohandinalateassignmentTofindoutaboutjobsinthedepartmentTodiscussDeanAdamscurrentresearchTovolunteertohelporganizeanevent,练习4TPO11-1,1.WhatarethespeakersmainlydiscussingWhatthegympassisusedforHowtotryoutfortheswimmingteamThepopularityofthenewexerciseatthegymThescheduleofexerciseclassesatthegym,.EmployeeOhyeah,butthispassdoesntentitleyoutothose.But,thatsmywholereasonforgettingapass.Imean,Iwasplanningtotakeaswimmingclass.EmployeeButthatsnothowitworks.Thispassgivesyouaccesstothegymandtoalltheequipments,intothepoolandsoforth.Butnotwithteampracticing,soyouhavetochecktheschedule.,TPO11-1,1.WhatarethespeakersmainlydiscussingWhatthegympassisusedforHowtotryoutfortheswimmingteamThepopularityofthenewexerciseatthegymThescheduleofexerciseclassesatthegym,练习4TPO11-1,whydoesthewomansinitialexcitementturntodisappointment?SheistoldthatallswimmingclassesarefullShelearnsthatshewillhavetopayextraforclassesShefindsoutthattherearenoswimmingclassesatherlevelShethoughtallsportsactivitiesweresupervisedbycoaches,Initially:EmployeeOK.Gina.Illtypeupthepassforyourightaway.StudentGreat!Thisisexciting.Icantwaittogetstarted.EmployeeOh,thisisawonderfulgym.StudentThatswhateverybodyhasbeensaying.Everyoneistalkingaboutthenewpool,thenewindoorcourse.ButwhatIloveisalltheclasses.,Then.EmployeeOhyeah,butthispassdoesntentitleyoutothose.But,thatsmywholereasonforgettingapass.Imean,Iwasplanningtotakeaswimmingclass.EmployeeButthatsnothowitworks.Thispassgivesyouaccesstothegymandtoalltheequipments,intothepoolandsoforth.Butnotwithteampracticing,soyouhavetochecktheschedule.,TPO11-1,whydoesthewomansinitialexcitementturntodisappointment?SheistoldthatallswimmingclassesarefullShelearnsthatshewillhavetopayextraforclassesShefindsoutthattherearenoswimmingclassesatherlevelShethoughtallsportsactivitiesweresupervisedbycoaches,练习5TPO4-1,Section1Whydoesthemanneedthewomansassistance?Clickon2answers.A.Hedoesnotknowthepublicationdateofsomereviewsheneeds.B.Hedoesnotknowthelocationofthelibrarysvidescollectionofplays.C.Hedoesnotknowhowtofindoutwheretheplayiscurrentlybeingperformed.D.Hedoesnotknowhowtodeterminewhichnewspaperheshouldlookat.,（开头）LibrarianCanIhelpyou?StudentYeah,Ineedtofindareview。Buttheyhavetobefromwhentheplaywasfirstperformed,soIneedtoknowwhenthatwasandIsupposeIshouldstartwithnewspaperreviewsand.,(中间).StudentSothatwastheyearpremier,great,buteh,newspaperfrombackthenwerentonline,so,howdoI.,总结式,解题要点：不断重复的关键词，全文内容总结根据笔记内容，进行选项排除,题型演练TPO2-conversion2,练习1WhataspectofManilahempfibersdoestheprofessormainlydiscussinthelecture?SimilaritiesbetweencottonfibersandManilahempfibersVarioustypesofManilahempfibersTheeconomicimportanceofManilahempfibersAuseofManilahempfibers,练习原文,NarratorListentopartofalecturefromaBotanyclass.ProfessorHi,everyone.Goodtoseeyoualltoday.Actually,Iexpectedthepopulationtobealotlowertoday.Ittypicallyrunsbetween50and60percentonthedaytheresearchpaperisdue.Um,Iwashopingtohaveyourexamsbacktoday,but,uh,thesituationwasthatIwentawayfortheweekend,andIwassupposedtogetinyesterdayatfive,andIexpectedtofullycompletealltheexamsbymidnightorso,whichisthetimethatIusuallygotobed,butmyflightwasdelayed,andIendedupnotgettinginuntiloneoclockinthemorning.Anyway,Illdomybesttohavethemfinishedbythenexttimewemeet.OK.Inthelastclass,westartedtalkingaboutusefulplantfibers.Inparticular,wetalkedaboutcottonfibers,whichwesaidwereveryuseful,notonlyinthetextileindustry,butalsointhechemicalindustry,andintheproductionofmanyproducts,suchasplastics,paper,explosives,andsoon.Todaywellcontinuetalkingaboutusefulfibers,andwellbeginwithafiberthatscommonlyknownas“Manilahemp.”,Andthiscombinationofcharacteristicslong,strong,flexible,resistanttosaltwatermakesManilahempagreatmaterialforropes,especiallyforropesthataregonnabeusedonocean-goingshipsSohowdoyoutakeplantfibersthatindividuallyyoucouldbreakwithyourhandsandturnthemintoaropethatsstrongenoughtomoorashipthatweighsthousandsoftons?,题型演练,练习1WhataspectofManilahempfibersdoestheprofessormainlydiscussinthelecture?SimilaritiesbetweencottonfibersandManilahempfibersVarioustypesofManilahempfibersTheeconomicimportanceofManilahempfibersAuseofManilahempfibers,题型演练,练习2TPO2Section2-1Whatarethestudentsmainlydiscussing?Clickon2answersTheircoursesfornextsemesterTheirplansfortheweekendApoetryclubAclassassignment,听力原文,NarratorListentoaconversationbetweentwostudents.TheyarebothstudyingtobeEnglishteachers.GirlDidyouregisteralreadyforyourclassesnextsemester?BoyYes,Idid.GirlWhatareyoutaking?BoyCool,youshould.Um,didyouhearaboutthatnewpoetryclub,ThePoetryKitchen?GirlYeah,notime.,题型演练,练习2Whatarethestudentsmainlydiscussing?Clickon2answersTheircoursesfornextsemesterTheirplansfortheweekendApoetryclubAclassassignment,题型演练练习3TPO12-5,6.Whatisthelecturemainlyabout?（主旨题）Clickon2answersA.Somechangesthattookplaceintheearlyyearsofopera.B.Differencebetweenoperaandotherformsofmusic.C.ItalysmusicalinfluencethroughoutEurope.D.ReasonsthatearlyFrenchandItalianoperadidnotsurvive.,MusicaldramastartedinthechurchesAndoncethathappened,thethemesoftheoperapresentationsstartedtochange.An