2020届高考英语词汇综合练系列08（冲刺段）（含解析）

2020届高考英语词汇冲刺段综合练08一、单项填空1-7代词、连词和名词1.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Determination is a kind of basic quality and this is what _ takes to do jobs well.A. itB. thatC. oneD. which【答案】C2.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)_ I say Clancy is a smart boy, he still needs to work hard to achieve his goal.A. Then B. When C. While D. As【答案】C【解析】句意：虽然我说克兰西是一个聪明的孩子，但他仍需努力工作来实现他的目标。as引导让步状语从句时，需要倒装，所以排除。故选C项while表示让步关系。3.(江苏省徐州、连云港、宿迁三市2020届高三最后一次模拟) Why do you choose to work with special needs children? I think it will add a new _ to my life.A. version B. dimension C. illusion D. Occasion【答案】B【解析】句意：你为什么选择和特殊需要的孩子一起工作？我认为会给我的生活增加新的阅历。“add a new dimension to my life”意思是“给我的生活增加新的阅历”，在英语中是常见的表达方式，其他用词都不符合英语的表达习惯。4.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Nowadays, few people develop the habit of keeping a supply of oil-lamps in the house in case of power _.A. failure B. absence C. lack D. drop【答案】C【解析】句意：如今，很少有人为了防能源短缺，养成保存油灯供应的习惯。lack缺少；failure失败；absence缺席；drop落下。故C正确。5.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)At the school sports meeting, many students are full of _, but Im always exhausted.Youd better take more exercise.A. strength B. force C. energy D. power【答案】C【解析】句意：许多学生精力充沛，而我总是精疲力竭。strength力气，主要指“肌肉力量以及物体的承重力或抗拉力”。force: 指“能量的应用”即释放的能量及其冲击力。energy指“活力”。power指可供使用的能量，如意志力、影响力、控制力。full of energy(充满活力)与后文exhausted(精疲力竭的)相对。故选C项。6.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)When you talk about a persons _, you are referring to the country, race, or social class of their parents or ancestors.A. origin B. nationality C. generation D. relation【答案】A【解析】句意：当你们在谈论一个人的出身的时候，你们是在谈论他的父母亲或者祖先的国家，种族或者社会地位。origin起源，根源；出身；nationality国籍；generation一代人；relation关系，联系；教育。根据第二句中的the country, race, or social class of their parents or ancestors可知是对名词origin的内容的解释。故选A项。7.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)This restaurant has become popular for its wide _ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A. division B. area C. range D. circle【答案】C8-12介词和介词短语8.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)There are solid reasons for China to claim ownership of the Diaoyu Islands, which lie about 200 miles _ the eastern coast of our country.A. to B. on C. off D. of【答案】C【解析】句意：中国完全有理由宣布对离我国东海岸200英里的钓鱼岛拥有主权。表示方位的介词，to在范围以外；on接壤，在海岸上；off表示在沿岸(在水域中)；of从属关系。故选C项。9.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)What did he say _ his stupid behavior?He admitted having made a serious mistake.A. in front of B. in explanation of C. in case of D. in fear of【答案】B【解析】句意：他对自己的愚蠢行为作何解释？他承认犯了一个严重的错误。in front of在前面；in explanation of对作出解释；in case of遇到的时候；in fear of担心、害怕。故选B项。10.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Bless your heart, I know you didnt break the vase _. Dont cry!A. on purposeB. by accidentC. on business D. by mistake【答案】A【解析】句意：好了好了，我知道你不是故意打破花瓶的。别哭了！on purpose故意地；by accident偶然；on business出差；by mistake错误地。故选A项。11.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)To fully understand the writer, we must read not only between the lines but also _ the lines to know what is implied in the article.A. within B. beyond C. beside D. among【答案】B【解析】句意：为了全面理解作者，我们不仅必须读字里行间的意思，我们还要理解文章暗含的意思。within在之内；beyond超出；beside 在旁边；among在中间。这里beyond the lines意为：弦外之音。故选B项。12.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Mr. John was so humorous that we had a good laugh _ the meal.A. at B. over C. in D. between【答案】B【解析】句意：约翰先生是如此的幽默，以至于我们吃饭时一直笑个不停。at加时间点；over在期间，直到过完；in加一段时间；between在两者之间。这里表示“在吃饭期间”。故选B项。13-20副词和形容词13.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Student loans are supposed to provide financial support for the students who would _ not be able to go to college.A. otherwise B. meanwhileC. therefore D. nevertheless【答案】A14.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)The world economy has improved _ since the end of last year，but major problems and challenges are not fully solved.A. somehow B. somewhatC. anyhow D. meanwhile【答案】B【解析】句意：自去年年底世界经济有所改善，但主要问题和挑战还没有完全解决。somehow不知何故；somewhat有点，稍微；anyhow无论如何；meanwhile与此同时。根据句意可知选B。15.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Did your son go to dentists to have his bad tooth pulled out?Yes, though _.A. contentedly B. reluctantlyC. earnestly D. controversially【答案】B【解析】句意：你儿子去牙科医生那儿把坏牙拔出来了吗？是的，尽管他十分不情愿。contentedly满意地；reluctantly勉强地，不情愿地；earnestly认真地，热血心地；controversially有争议地。故选B。16.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Not all parts of the interior(腹地)of Australia are easily _, because it is very hot and not many people live there.A. admirable B. available C. adjustable D. accessible【答案】D【解析】句意：并不是所有的澳大利亚的腹地易于接近，因为它很热，没有很多人住在那里。admirable 值得敬佩的；available可获得的；adjustable可协调的；accessible易接近的，平易近人的，根据题意可知选D项。17.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Why didnt you finish the task?I didnt think it is _ the effort.A. worthwhile B. deservingC. valuableD. worth【答案】D18.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Despite being taken from very different sources, the results are remarkably _.A. consistentB. constantC. contradictory D. controversial【答案】A【解析】句意：虽然是来自于不同的资源，结果是非常一致的。consistent一致的；constant连续的；contradictory矛盾的；controversial有争议的，故选A项。19.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)The workers insist that the company should take_ measures to improve their working condition.A. attractive B. effective C. impressive D. conservative【答案】B【解析】句意：工人们坚持这个公司应该采取有效的措施来改善他们的工作状况。attractive有吸引力的；effective有效的；impressive给人印象深刻的；conservative保守的，故选B项。20.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)It was really _ of your brother not to play the guitar while you were preparing your lessons.A. typicalB. generousC. considerateD. determined【答案】C【解析】句意：你弟弟真是太体贴人了，他在你准备功课期间不弹吉他。typical典型的；generous慷慨大方的；considerate体贴的，考虑周到的；determined意志坚定的。根据句意选C项。21-30动词和动词短语21.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Its hard to tell real Jingdezhen vases, and its a little more difficult for the untrained shopper to _.A. dismissB. distinguishC. seek D. shelter【答案】B【解析】句意：很难分辨真正的景德镇花瓶，对于未经训练的购物者来说区分它更困难。dismiss解散，解雇；distinguish区分，辨别；seek寻求，寻找；shelter庇护，保护。根据句意应选B项。22.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)That car accident _ all his life. After that he was limited to a wheelchair.A. damagedB. destroyedC. harmedD. ruined【答案】D23.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)We would appreciate it if customers dont _ to leave their suggestions and expectations for our product.A. hesitate B. pretend C. undertake D. offer【答案】A【解析】句意：如果顾客可以毫不犹豫的留下他们的建议和对产品的期望，我们会感激的。hesitate犹豫，迟疑；pretend假装；undertake承担，承诺；offer提供，故选A项。24.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was _ jointly to James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman and Thomas C. Sdhof for their discoveries of a major transport system in our cells.A. awarded B. rewarded C. distributed D. contributed【答案】A【解析】句意：2020年诺贝尔生理学和医药学被授予詹姆斯E罗斯曼，兰迪谢克曼和托马斯聚德霍夫以表彰他们对于细胞内物质运输机制的发现。awarded授予，奖给，判给，判归，判定；rewarded酬谢，奖赏，报答，惩罚；distributed分配；contributed贡献。故选A项。25.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Can we go camping tomorrow，as planned?Im afraid not. The dark clouds _ a heavy rain.A. promise B. instruct C. expect D. forecast【答案】A【解析】句意：明天我们可以象计划的那样去露营吗？恐怕不能，乌云预示着要有一场大雨。promise答应，许诺，预示(主语是物)；instruct指导，指示；expect期待，预料；forecast预测(主语是人)，故选A项。26.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)It is reported that the government has _ the outbreak of violence by sending a large group of soldiers to police the area.A. gone for B. reacted to C. appealed to D. made for【答案】B【解析】句意：据报道政府已经对暴乱的发生做出反应，派了一群士兵去这个地区维护治安。gone for努力争取；reacted to 对做出反应；appealed to吸引；made for有助于，前往，故选B项。27.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Shall I _ the raincoat?No hurry. Leave it _ it is. It looks like rain.A. put on; there B. put on; whereC. put away; in the place D. put away; where【答案】D28.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Thecouple_ theiroldhouseandsolditforavastprofit.A.didforB.didinC. didwithD.didup【答案】D【解析】句意：这对夫妇把旧房子整修了一下，卖了个好价钱。do up这里指整修，打扮，此外do up还可以指扣。didfor适合；didin欺骗；搞垮；didwith处理，故选D项。29.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)Experience doesnt always _ to the problem we are faced with.A. make a choice B. make a difference C. make up D. make out【答案】B【解析】句意：经验并不总是对你面对的问题有作用。make a choice 做选择；make a difference起作用，有影响；make up组成，编造；make out理解，辨认出，根据句意可知选B项。30.(江苏省某四星高中2020届高考英语词汇复习专题练)In making a scientific experiment, one should not be _ by temporary setbacks but should stick to doing it hopefully.A. put out B. put away C. taken in D. cast down【答案】D【解析】句意：在做科学实验中，一个人不应该因暂时的困难而沮丧，而是应该满怀希望坚持到底。所以答案选D. cast down使沮丧，使难过。put out熄灭，出版； put away放好，抛弃，储存；take in吸收，明白，收容。二、短文填词(改编自2020届海南湖南师大附中海口中学高三上第二次月考)Autumn came again, and with it 1_(come)trouble and sorrow, a strange disease had broken out among the sealers. Betty Sparrow, who was AbrahamLincolns mothers aunt, and her husband were the first to 2_ (attack)by this terrible sickness. Thenarrow camp which was their home was a cheerless place even at 3_best, and the disease did its work4_(quick).And then Abraham Lincolns mother was stricken down. Suffering from damp and cold in the camp hadrobbed her of her 5_ (strong)and made her easily 6_ (catch) the disease.One morning, when the grey daylight was struggling 7_the gaps of the unfinished cabin, she8_ out her arms and drew little Abraham before her, “My boy, you are going to live as I have taught you. ” Then the end came.9_only ten years old, Lincoln was no longer a child. He was 10_ (determine)to be a man of the type his mother would praise and admire. Long afterward, when he had won honor and had a sure place among the great men of the world, he said, “All that I am, and all that I hope to be, I owe to my angle mother. ”【解析】语篇解读：亚伯拉罕林肯把他的成功归结于(在家庭遭遇磨难时)他天使母亲的教诲。1.【答案】came2.【答案】be attacked【解析】由于her husband和 terrible sickness是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，故填be attacked。be attacked by this terrible sickness意思是：被这种可怕的疾病所袭击(染上了这种可怕的疾病)。3.【答案】its【解析】考查物主代词。句意：狭窄的小屋就是他们的家，那是一个最具代表性的令人沮丧的地方。at its best 表示处在最好状态，故填its。4.【答案】quickly【解析】考查副词修饰动词，quickly修饰动词did，故填quickly。句意：这种疾病很快地便传染开来了。5.【答案】strength【解析】考查名词。rob sb. of sth.夺取某人某物，此处应该用strong的名词形式strength，故填strength。句意：忍受着小屋的潮湿和寒冷的折磨使她丧失了体力。6.【答案】catch【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：忍受着小屋的潮湿和寒冷的折磨使她丧失了体力，使她很容易染病。make sb. do sth.使某人做某事，后面需接动词原形，故填catch。7.【答案】through【解析】考查介词。句意：当灰色的日光透过缝隙穿过尚未完工的小屋时。through表示“光线穿过”，故填through。8.【答案】reached9.【答案】Although【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管林肯那时只有10岁，但他再也不是一个小孩了。故填Although。10.【答案】determined【解析】句意：他决心要成为那种妈妈赞赏的人。be determined to do sth.表示“决心做某事”，故填determined。三、完形填空(改编自2020届海南文昌中学高三上学期期末英语)This is the story of two lovers, who finally got married. Both of them were romantic at first, 1 on the walk of life, problems, quarrels, profession came into their life.One day, she finally decided “I want to break up”. “Why?” he asked.“I am 2 .” She answered.He kept silent the whole night, seemingly in deep 3 . Finally he asked, “What can I do to 4your mind?”Looking into his eyes, she said, “Answer my question. If you can 5 my heart, I will change my mind. Lets say, I want a flower 6 on the face of a mountain cliff(悬崖), we are both sure that picking the flower will cause your 7 . Will you do it for me?”He said, “I will give you my 8 tomorrow.”She woke up the next morning, found him gone, and saw a piece of paper on her bed, which 9 , “My dear, I would not pick that flower for you . The 10 are .”“When you use the computer you always 11 the software ,and you cry in front of the screen. I have to save my fingers so that I can help to 12 the programs(程序). You always leave the house keys behind, so I have to save my 13 to rush home to open the door for you. You love traveling but always lose your way in a14 city. I have to save my eyes to show you the way. You always 15 at the computer, and that will do nothing good for your eyes. I have to save my eyes 16 when we grow old, I can help to cut your nails and help to remove those 17 white hairs.”“Thus, my dear, 18 I am sure that there is someone who loves you more than I do, I can not pick that flower yet, and die.”Thats life, and 19 . Flowers, and romantic moments are only used and appear on the 20 of the relationship. Under all this, the pillar (柱子)of true love stands.语篇解读：本文是一篇感人的故事。文章通过一个爱情故事向人们讲述了真正的生活不是烂漫和鲜花，而是支撑浪漫和鲜花的真爱。1.A. butB. andC. whileD. so【答案】A【解析】两个相爱的人结婚了，刚开始很浪漫。而下一句在说在生活的过程中，问题，争吵，麻烦接踵而来，由此可知，前后为转折关系，用but。A. but 但是，B. and表承接或并列，C. while 表示当的时候，D. so所以。可知选A表转折。2.A. lonelyB. worn outC. deadD. alone【答案】B【解析】上句提示，妻子提出离婚，丈夫问原因。妻子回答，已经筋疲力尽了，不愿再继续了。A. lonely 孤独的，B. wear out 指人疲惫，困乏，筋疲力尽, C. dead 死亡的，亡故的 D. alone 单独。可知选B。3.A. sorrowB. angerC. shadeD. thought【答案】D【解析】A. sorrow,悲伤，悲痛，B. anger 愤怒，C shade荫凉，D. thought，deep in thought 陷入沉思。丈夫沉默了一晚上，看起来陷入了沉思。可知选D。4.A. speakB. keepC. blowD. change【答案】D5. A. representB. expandC. convinceD. warm【答案】C【解析】A. represent代表，B. expand 扩大，扩张，C. convince 使确信，使信服，D. warm温暖。如果你能使我的心信服，我就改变主意。6. A. grownB. growingC. livingD. planted【答案】B【解析】A. grown过去分词，表被动，B. growing生长，表主动，C. living居住，D. planted 被种植，被动。名词flower 生长在悬崖绝壁，为主动。 非人为种植的，因此D 不对。因此只有B合乎情理。7. A. deathB. hurtC. woundD. injury【答案】A【解析】A. death死亡，B. hurt 受伤，一般指心灵上所受伤害。C. wound 伤口，战场上所受刀伤枪伤。D. injury意外中所受伤。妻子说，比如，我想要峭壁上生长的一株花，我们都相信，摘那朵花会让你丧失生命，你会为我去做吗？在文章末尾18小题空处后面的句子中的die也提示此处为死亡。故选A。8.A. decision B. choiceC. opinionD. answer【答案】D【解析】A. decision决定，B. choice选择，C. opinion想法，D. answer回答，答案。根据上文对方提出了一个问题，当然是给对方答案。故选D。9.A. wroteB. informedC. readD. printed【答案】C【解析】A. wrote写，B. informed 通知，C. read 读，(上面)写着。D. printed印刷。第二天早晨她醒来发现他走了，在她床上看到一张纸，上面写着。write的主语为人。10.A. answersB. mes