高一英语Unit 8 Protecting the Environment冀教版

高一英语高一英语 UnitUnit 8 8 ProtectingProtecting thethe EnvironmentEnvironment 冀教版冀教版 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Unit 8 Protecting the Environment 二. 教学重点： 1. 重点单词： reserve, recycle, seed, lose, responsibility, association, load, bunch, rid, collection, conserve, pollution, smog, bet, stuff, frustrated, click, crash, bar, pile, chemical, creature, bacteria, cattle, otherwise, destroy, acre, peaceful, status, electricity, load, dustbin, professor, fuel, gas 2. 重点短语： get rid of, due to, in line with, in addition ,a bunch of 3. 重点句型： It + be. . . that/who/whom. . . 4. 语法： 强调句 情态动词 III 三. 重难点解释： 1. responsibility 【课文原句】 The guy was real cool, and he talked about how every one of us has a responsibility to save the environment. (Page 92) responsibility 为名词，意为“责任；负责” 。responsibility 表示具体责任 时，为可数名词。例如： The education of children is a great responsibility for each family. The astronauts usually have special responsibilities in the airspace flight missions. 另外，responsibility 也可作不可数名词。例如： Its wrong of a person to have no sense of responsibility. The manager ought to accept all responsibility for the mistake. responsibility 与 duty 的区别 responsibility 指为自己所承担的特别的工作或受托的事情而负责任；duty 指受到本人的正义感、道德心或良知的驱使而应尽的义务。例如： Opening the mail in the office every day is Jims responsibility. The boy has a very heavy responsibility, for his father is dead in an accident. To obey the laws is everyones duty. It is the duty that forced the young man to fight with the murderer. response n.答复(响应) in response to 响应, 反应 make no response 不回答 responsible adj.负责的(可靠的) be responsible for 对负责 The police are responsible for the preservation of public order and security. 警察有责任维护公共秩序和安全。 2. association 【课文原句】 Today, the home in which Rachel was born is preserved by Rachel Carson Homestead Association. (Page 100) association 为名词，意为“协会；联盟；社团” 。例如： They have decided to form an association to promote social welfare. We call the new association Friendship Association. 另外，association 还表示“联合；关联；交往；联想” ，多用于 in association with 结构中。例如： The new TV play will be made in association with the Tai Wan Television Company. Its said that the accident is in association with careless driving. Teenagers would like to play in association with their peers. associate 作动词，意为“联想；联合；结交” ，常与介词 with 搭配使用。例 如： The name of Hitler is associated with cruelty. China is associated with many countries around the world in business. Miss Lin usually associates much with her friends and neighbors. 3. load 【课文原句】 She would bring the Carsons loads of books whenever her family went to Pittsburgh. (Page 100) 句中 load 为名词，意为“许多；大量” ，常用复数形式并与介词 of 连用。例 如： Children have loads of fun playing games together. Jim and his friends would like to talk about loads of interesting things when meeting. 另外，load 还表示“负担；重量；装载的东西；负荷”等。例如： The bridge has been built to support very heavy loads. The truck had to stop because its load has fallen off. This new washing machine takes a load of nine kilos. load 用作动词时，意为“装载；装（子弹、胶卷等） ；装满；使充满” 。例如： The workers were loading the bags of rice on to the lorry when the boss arrived. I didnt succeed in taking photos last time, for I forgot to load my camera. be load with 意为“装满了；充满了；加上负担” ；load up 意为“装货于； 大量装填；吃得太多” ；load down 意为“使承受沉重负担” 。例如： The truck was loaded with water and war goods. Have you finished loading up the truck yet? Mary returned from the shopping center loaded down with many daily things. 4. otherwise adv. 另外，否则，不同地，别的方式 adj.另外的，其他方面 的 conj.否则，不然 We were going to play football, but it was so hot that we decided to do otherwise. I was otherwise engaged last Sunday evening. He is noisy, but otherwise a nice boy. Well go early, otherwise we may not get a seat. Some are wise, some are otherwise. Seize the chance, otherwise you will regret it. 5. destroy vt.破坏, 毁坏, 消灭 v.消灭，摧毁 The fire destroyed all my books. The heavy rain destroyed all hope of a picnic. 四. 单元重点短语 1. get rid of 【课文原句】 People nowadays are getting rid of their old models so often because they want the faster and better versions. (Page 92) 句中 get rid of 意为“摆脱；去掉；除掉” ，可用于被动句式中。例如： Some old traditions which are not good for society must be got rid of. Although the patient has tried lots of cures, she cant get rid of her headache. 2. due to 【课文原句】 Rachel had only a few friends in childhood, which could have been due to her isolation or to the fact that . (Page 100) due to 意为“因为；由引起；由于” ，可以作表语或状语。例如： The accident was due to his driving at high speed after drinking. Due to the very heavy snow the schools in town were closed for a week. 另外，due to 还有“应给予；应属于；归功于”之意。例如： Our grateful thanks are due to our friends who help us when we are in need. The new great discovery is due to the group of scientists who have devoted to it. due to, because of 与 owing to 在用来表示原因时，其意义及用法上相当， 可以换用。例如： Due to their efforts the twins have made great progress in Chinese. She has gone to Canada because of the opening of her new company there. Owing to the big fog the highway was closed for nearly four hours. 3. in line with 【课文原句】 Second, we asked the local residents to reforest the cultivated land in line with the local conditions, (Page 102) 句中 in line with 意为“符合；和一致” 。例如： Your thoughts arent in line with the rules of our company at all. A persons action should be in line with his or her belief. 另外，in line with 还表示“按规定；按照”之意，常作状语。例如： In line with the custom of the school, the students have a holiday in summer. in line 意为“排成一行；使有秩序” ；in line for 意为“下面该轮到；有可 能获得” ；out of line with 意为“不符合” 。例如： The children stood in line until the teacher told them to move. The woman mayor is eager to be in line for the president of the country. The price of the computer was out of line with what John could afford. 4. in addition 【课文原句】 In addition, we started a public campaign to cultivate awareness of environmental protection. (Page102) 句中 in addition 意为“除了；此外（还） ” ，与 besides 的意义及用法相当。 例如： Mom gave us sandwiches for our picnic and a bag of cookies in addition. In addition, there will be wonderful presents for every one of you. in addition to 与 other than 的区别 in addition to (= besides)表示“除了之外（还有） ” ；而 other than 表示“除了（无） ” 。例如： In addition to a few old trees, there used to be an old temple on the hill. There is nothing in the room other than a small table and four chairs. 五. 单元热点语法 强调句 （一）强调句的构成及用法 为了 强调句中的某一部分，常用强调结构“It is / was + 被强调的部分 + that 从句” ，在该句型中，it 不能用 this / that 来替换。被强调的部分一般是主 语、宾语或状语。例如： Mary met a Canadian in the park last Sunday. It was Mary that / who met a Canadian in the park last Sunday.（强调 主语） It was a Canadian that / whom Mary met in the park last Sunday.（强 调宾语） It was in the park that Mary met a Canadian last Sunday.（强调地点状 语） It was last Sunday that Mary met a Canadian in the park.（强调时间状 语） （二）使用强调句的注意事项 1. 被强调的部分是人时可用 who，whom 或 that 引出强调句，其它情况一律用 that, 应避免 使用 when，why，where 等。例如： It is Li Hong who / that often gives me great help. It was in 2020 that my elder brother got into a college. 2. 强调句中的时态和人称应与被强调部分一致。例如： It is the girl that / who loves Zhou Jieluns songs. It is I who am giving you a good book. 3. 在对 not until 句型中的 until 状语强调时，应把 not until 一起强调， 原来的句子要变成肯定句。例如： The meeting didnt begin until 8 oclock that morning. It was not until 8 oclock that morning that the meeting began. The teaching building wasnt complete until last week. It was not until last week that the teaching building was complete. 4. 特殊疑问句的强调结构为：疑问词 + is / was + that。例如： When will you build the new school? When is it that you will build the new school? Where did you find out your lost car? Where was it that you found out your lost car? 5. 强调谓语动词时，应使用 do / does / did，译为“的确；一定” ，但只能用 于肯定陈述句和祈使句。例如： The young man does show interest in making kites. Do follow the doctors advice and keep taking the medicine for five days. 【模拟试题】 单元各部分分类练习 Section 1 New words and ideas 请从每道题的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 1. Hundreds of jobs _ if the factory is closed. A. lose B. will be lost C. are lost D. will lose 2. If you want to lose weight, _ on the amount of food you eat. A. cut off B. cut down C. cut in D. cut up 3. We should _ to make a contribution to saving the earth. A. do the parts B. try our parts C. try our part D. do our part 4. I always pay attention to protecting the environment. Youre right. You can not be too _. A. nervous B. careful C. worried D. careless 5. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 6. It seems _ he had been at the scene of the crime. A. even if B. even though C. as though D. look like 7. They tried to _ all the unnecessary things for the trip. A. get rid of B. get away from C. get along with D. get down to 8. The good service at the hotel _ for the poor food to some extent. A. made for B. made out C. made of D. made up 9. I wonder how you _ that to your parents at that time. A. dare to say B. dare say C. dares to say D. not dare say 请从方框中选择合适的词组并运用其适当形式填空。 on loan, be responsible for, get rid of, fill up, contact with, get to, do with, all of a sudden, get dressed, cut down, speak of 10. _environmental protection, every one of us should do our part to conduct it. 11. For further details, please _ our local office. 12. AIDS _ the population around the world for hundreds of years. 13. If you dont hurry, youll have no time to _ before the dancing party. 14. The music hall _ with the people of various ages. 15. That typhoon _ the high price of vegetables and some food. 16. Some old practices which are bad for our society should be completely _. 17. She only has a new camera _ from one of her best friends. 18. The students have _ eat more vegetables and enough fruits every day. 19. _ my cell phone rang while I was listening to a lecture on recycling. Section 2 Meaning through practice 阅读下列对话，根据语境，从每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项来补全对 话。 Rose: Excuse me. What are the workers in the picture carrying, Mr. Smith? Mr. Smith: They are carrying some waste paper. And I think they are sure to do something 1 . But do you know why, Rose? Rose: Sorry, I know a little. By doing so they can 2 the paper, thus they can save much paper and meanwhile lots of trees can escape from being cut down. Mr. Smith: Well, what kind of way do we call it, then, Rose? Rose: It is called 3 . Mr. Smith: Great. We humans must try every means to protect the earth. Or, we will be in great danger. Rose: Thats right. We should be aware of the importance of protecting our globe. Mr. Smith. Thats true. By the way, what does it really mean to 4 natural resources? Rose: Oh, I think it means a lot. If we dont really care about the environment, we humans might lose our home in few years time. Mr. Smith: Great. This is what I 5 . Rose: Thank you, Mr. Smith. Mr. Smith: You are welcome. 1. A. for environmental protection B. protecting the environment C. protected the environment D. to environmental protection 2. A. destroy B. reuse C. pop D. reduce 3. A. reduction B. pollution C. recycling D. protection 4. A. toss B. cut C. introduce D. conserve 5. A. mean B. call C. say D. tell 请根据句意，从下面的方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空。 reduce, pollute, recycle, conserve, environment, destroy, toss, rid, harmful, organization, action, develop 6. The vegetables which contain chemical can do _ to our health. 7. The population of western countries has _, which worries the government. 8. We should take effective measures to stop the air from _. 9. As we know, noise can _ our hearing, and even causes us to be deaf. 10. In about 20 years time China is sure to become a highly _ country in the world. 11. Every one of us should take _ problems seriously. 12. This is an _ club, so many people would like to take part in it. 13. Waste paper _ is helpful in protecting our forests in a way. 14. Youd better learn to _ your strength in that case. 15. Students in his class likes to take part in outdoor _. Section 3 Grammar makes sense 高考链接 请从每道题的四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 1. It was for this reason _ her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village. (2001 上海高考) A. which B. why C. that D. how 2. It was how the young man had learned five foreign countries _ attracted the audiences interest. (2002 上海春季高考) A. so that B. that C. what D. in which 3. It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. (2020 上海) A. who B. that C. how D. what 4. It was only with the help of local guide _. (2020 上海春季 高考) A. was the mountain climber rescued B. that the mountain climber was rescued C. when the mountain climber was rescued D. then the mountain climber was rescued 5. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesnt matter _ Im talking to. (2020 广东高考) A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 6. It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2020 福建高考) A. because B. which C. since D. that 7. It was _ back home after the experiment. (2020 湖北高考) A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go 8. It wasnt until nearly a mouth latter _ I received the managers reply. (2020 全国高考) A. since B. when C. as D. that 9. It is what you do rather than what you say _ matters. (2020 天津高考) A. that B. what C. which D. this 10. _ that he managed to get the information? Oh, a friend of his helped him. (2020 山东高考) A. Where was it B. What was it C. How was it D. Why was it 11. I dont mind telling you what I know. You _. Im not asking you for it. (2020 江苏高考) A. mustnt B. may not C. cant D. neednt 12. Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. Thank you. You _ it. I could manage it myself. (2020 福建高考) A. neednt do B. neednt have done C. mustnt do D. shouldnt have done 13. Lucy doesnt mind lending you her dictionary. She _. Ive already borrowed one. (2020 湖南高考) A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt 14. Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report. You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it. (2020 湖南高考) A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt 15. I _ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. (2020 天津高考) A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt 16. There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school. (2020 上海高考) A. mustnt B. shant C. shouldnt D. neednt 17. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at least 150 kilometers an hour. (2020 重庆高考) A. should have been doing B. must have been doing C. could have done D. would have done 18. Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? Thank you. _. (2020 江西高考) A. It couldnt be better B. Of course you can C. If you like D. Its up to you 19. The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 year before she returned. Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties! (2020 江苏高考) A. may go through B. might go through C. ought to have gone through D. must have gone through 20. He paid for a seat, when he _ have entered free. (2020 山 东高考) A. could B. could have put C. might put D. must have put Section 4 Reading for the environment 请根据下列各题的语境填入适当的介词或副词，完成句子。 1. Pandas are valuable wild animals and _ the humans friends. 2. Things like interests, we know, can be inherited _ our ancestors. 3. There is an old saying that mighty forests can spring _ tiny seeds. 4. Some diseases can bring people loads _ disasters. 5. I think this opinion upon politics tends _ the improvement of society. 6. In order to protect the forest, the number of tourists has been limited _ two thousand per day. 7. Newspapers can keep us in contact _ the outside world. 8. The firm is said to be engaged _ foreign trade. 请根据汉语意思完成句子。 9. 是罗丝的妈妈让她接受了如此良好的教育。 It was Roses mother who _ such an excellent education. 10. 父亲被这种保守的想法左右。 The father was _ this conservative thoughts. 11. 真的很遗憾，这座古庙本应该受到当地政府的保护。 Its a great pity that the old temple _ by the local government. 12. 没有人知道玛丽的消息，多年后她却又出现在镇上。 After no one had heard from her for years, Mary _ in town again. 13. 由于浓雾，交通行驶缓慢。 _ the heavy fog, the traffic was moving very slowly. 14. 此外，这位专家在从事癌症研究。 _, the expert is engaged in the cancer research. 15. 你的意见和我的一致，真棒！ Its wonderful that your opinion is _ mine. 单元检测题 第一部分：听力部分（略） 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节 单项填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21. Can you tell me which is the managers office? OK, . A. here you are B. come on C. this way, please D. come here 22. Our _ teachers wife is working in a _ factory in our hometown. A. chemical; chemical B. chemistry; chemistry C. chemical; chemistry D. chemistry; chemical 23. It is quite wrong, Sally, _ , I would have done it. A. howeverB. otherwise C. yet D. then 24. I am afraid these shoes are too small for me. Do you have a bigger _ ? A. one B. pair C. ones D. shoes 25. The peasants