2020高考英语暑假练习（6）

2020高考英语暑假练习（6）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。There is probably no field of human activity in which our values and lifestyles are shown more clearly and strongly than they are in the clothes that we choose to wear.The dress of an individual is a kind of “sign language” that communicates a set of information and is usually the basis on which immediate impressions are formed.Traditionally,a concern for clothes was considered to be an affair of females,while men took pride in the fact that they were completely lacking in clothes consciousness(意识).This type of American culture is by degrees changing as man dress takes on greater variety and color.Even as early as 1955,a researcher in Michigan said that men attached rather high importance to the value of clothing in daily life. White collar workers in particular viewed dress as a symbol(象征)of ability,which could be used to impress or influence others,especially in the work situation.The white collar worker was described as extremely concerned about the impression his clothing made on his superiors(上司).Although blue collar workers were less aware(察觉到的)that they might be judged on the basis of their clothing,they recognized that any difference from the accepted pattern of dress would be made fun of by fellow workers.Since that time,of course,the patterns have changed:the typical office worker may now be wearing the blue shirt,and the laborer a white shirt;but the importance of dress has not become less.Other researchers in recent years have helped to prove its importance in the lives of individuals at various age levels and in different social and economic status groups(阶层).36.The passage tells us that _.A.our values and lifestyles are in no field of human activityB.the clothes that we choose to wear have something to do with our values and lifestylesC.our values and lifestyles are from the sign languageD.the clothes we choose to wear depend on a set of information and immediate impression提示:细节理解题。A、C、D三项内容与第一段前两句叙述不符。答案:B37.Traditionally,people usually thought that _.A.men cared very much for clothesB.women were concerned greatly about what they wore while men didntC.both men and women paid great attention to their clothesD.neither men nor women showed interest in clothes答案:B38.Blue collar workers pay attention to their clothes because _.A.they are concerned about the impression their clothes make on their superiorsB.they know very clearly that people will judge them on the basis of their clothingC.they want to impress and influence othersD.they dont want to be laughed at提示:从第二段最后一句来看，正确答案为D。答案:D39.Which of the following can best explain the underlined sentence in the second paragraph?A.Men thought the value of clothing in daily life was very important.B.Men didnt pay attention to the importance of the value of clothing in daily life.C.Men thought little of the importance of the value of clothing in daily life.D.Men were concerned little about the value of clothing in daily life.提示:第二段后半部分的例子就是证明这句话的。从例子可以看出，无论是白领阶层，还是蓝领工人;无论出于何种目的，他们都注意穿着打扮，都注重服装在生活和工作中的重要作用，所以A项是最恰当的解释。答案:A40.The passage mainly suggests that _.A.now men pay more attention to their clothes than women doB.women always like beautiful dressesC.people have paid more and more attention to the importance of dressD.American culture is changing greatly提示:作者通过论述服装在展示生活价值和生活方式方面不可替代的作用和传统观念上男女对服装的不同态度，以及美国所发生的服装观念上的改变，揭示了人们越来越注重服装在日常生活中的重要作用。答案:C。Passage Five (Killing in the Name of God Ugandan Deaths Spotlight Rise of Cults) How could faith beget such evil? After hundreds of members of a Ugandan cult, the Movement for the Restoration of the Ten Commandments of God, died in what first appeared to be a suicidal fire in the village of Kanungu two weeks age, police found 153 bodies buried in a compound used by the cult in Buhunga, 25 miles away. When investigators searched the house of a cult leader in yet another village, they discovered 155 bodies, many buried under the concrete floor of the house. Then scores more were dug up at a cult members home. Some had been poisoned; others, often-young children, strangled. By weeks end, Ugandan police had counted 924 victims including at least 530 who burned to death inside the sealed church exceeding the 1978 Jonestown mass suicide and killings by followers of American cult leader Jim Jones that claimed 913 lives. Authorities believe two of the cults leaders, Joseph Kibwetere, a 68-year-old former Roman Catholic catechism teacher who started the cult in 1987, and his “prophetess, ” Credonia Mwerinde, by some accounts a former prostitute who claimed to speak for the Virgin Mary, may still be alive and on the run. The pair had predicted the world would end on Dec. 31, 1999. When that didnt happen, followers who demanded the return of their possessions, which they had to surrender on joining the cult, may have been systematically killed. The Ugandan carnage focuses attention on the proliferation of religious cults in East Africas impoverished rural areas and city slums. According to the institute for the study of American religion, which researches cults and sects, there are now more than 5,000 indigenous churches in Africa, some with apocalyptic or revolutionary leanings. One such group is the Jerusalem Church of Christ in Nairobis Kawangwara slums, led by Mary Snaida-Akatsa, or “mommy” as she is known to her thousands of followers. She prophesies about the end of the world and accuses some members of being witches. One day the brought a “special visitor” to church, an Indian Sikh man she claimed was Jesus, and told her followers to “repent or pay the consequences.” Most experts say Africas hardships push people to seek hope in religious cults. “These groups thrive because of poverty,” says Charles Onyango Obbo, editor of the Monitor, an independent newspaper in Uganda, and a close observer of cults. “People have no support, and theyre susceptible to anyone who is able to tap into their insecurity.” Additionally, they say, AIDS, which has ravaged East Africa, may also breed a fatalism that helps apocalyptic notions take root. Some Africans turn to cults after rejecting mainstream Christian churches as “Western” or “non-African.” Agnes Masitsa, 30, who used to attend a Catholic church before she joined the Jerusalem Church of Christ, says of Catholicism: “Its dull.” Catholic icons. Yet, the Ugandan doomsday cult, like many of the sects, drew on features of Roman Catholicism, a strong force in the region. Catholic icons were prominent in its buildings, and some of its leaders were defrocked priests, such as Dominic Kataribabo, 32, who reportedly studied theology in the Los Angeles area in the mid-1980s. He had told neighbors he was digging a pit in his house to install a refrigerator; police have now recovered 81 bodies from under the floor and 74 from a field nearby. Police are unsure whether Kataribabo died in the church fire. Still, there is the question: How could so many killings have been carried out without drawing attention? Villagers were aware of Kibweteres sect, whose followers communicated mainly through sign language and apparently were apprehensive about violating any of the cults commandments. There were suspicions. Ugandan president Yoweri Mseveni told the BBC that intelligence reports about the dangerous nature of the group had been suppressed by some government officials. On Thursday, police arrested an assistant district commissioner, the Rev. Amooti Mutazindwa, for allegedly holding back a report suggesting the cult posed a security threat. Now, there are calls for African governments to monitor cults more closely. Says Gilbert Ogutu, a professor of religious studies at the University of Nairobi: “When cult leaders lose support, they become dangerous.”1.Why did so may Ugandans die in faith?A Many of them were killed for asking for the return of their possessions.They found the cults leaders had cheated them.C They lost faith in cults.D They are willing to die.2.The main reason of peoples joining the cults isA poverty.insecurity.C AIDS.D fatalism.3.What does Mary Snaide Akatsa prophesy?A She prophesies the world will be flooded.She prophesies the world will be in fire.C She prophesies about the end of the world.D She prophesies he followers should die in faith.4.Why do some Africans reject Christian Churches?A They feel Christianity is dull.They reject Christian Churches as Western or non-African.C They are susceptible.D They are dangerous persons.5.How could so many killing have been carried out without drawing attention?A The cult acted secretly.The government officials did not see through its dangerous nature.C There were no preventive measures.D People were frightened.Vocabulary1.beget 产生，引起，招致2.cult 祭礼，狂烈的崇拜（者），迷信，邪教3.compound 院子，场地4.strangle 扼死，闷死5.carnage 残杀，大屠杀，成堆的尸体6.catechism 教理问答7.prophet 预言者，先知8.on the run 在逃9.proliferation 扩散，繁殖10.indigenous 本土的，土生土张的11.apocalypse （基督教）启事（录）圣经新约12.be susceptible 易受人影响13.ravage 蹂躏，劫掠14.fatalism 宿命论15.apocalyptic 预警16.icon （东正教）圣像17.doomsday 世界末日18.Jerusalem 耶路撒冷，喻：天堂19.Kenya 肯尼亚20.Nairobi 内罗毕，肯尼亚首都21.mommy 嬷嬷mother22.repent 忏悔23.Sikh 锡克教（信徒）24.defrock 免去圣职的。这里指：免去圣职的牧师25.sect 宗教小组26.pose 提问难句译注1. the Movement for the restoration of the Ten Commandments of God【结构简析】Ten commandments 十戒，是圣经中上帝再西奈山上给予摩西（犹太人的古代领袖）十大行为的神圣准则：a) have no other god.b) Do not make or warship idols.c) Do not take the word of the lord in vain.d) Keep the Sabbath holy.e) Honor ones father and mother.f) Do not kill.g) Do not commit adultery.h) Do not steal.i) Do not give false evidence.j) Do not covet anothers property or wife.这十戒为犹太教、基督教的教条。 【参考译文】这是乌干达回复上帝十戒运动头目以上帝的名义在2000年屠杀了924名信徒。2. the 1978 Jonestown mass suicide and killings by followers of American cult leader Jim Jones that claimed 913 lives.这是指美国的一个邪教组织人民圣殿教。1978年11月19日教徒在教主Jim Jones的蒙骗或胁迫下在圭亚那集体自杀或扼杀（或强制和下Kool-Aid）或遭袭击而死。人数高达913。此后Jones一词意为残忍的人。杀人的地点就成为Jonestown。3. they are susceptible to any one who is able to tap into their insecurity.【参考译文】他们易受任何人的影响，这些人能利用他们不安的情绪。4. drew on features of Roman Catholicism.【参考译文】利用罗马天主教义等特点。写作方法与文章大意 文章以因果写作方法，先提出各种邪教残害的人数，然后一一点出邪教兴起的原因：人民贫穷、艾滋病之猖獗，为宿命论提供了温床。加上邪教头目种种欺骗手段：如世界末日来临利用一些正教教义或以基督、圣母玛利亚的身份出现控制、麻木信徒，一旦欺骗手段暴露信徒就惨遭杀害。答案详解1. A 许多人由于要归还他们的财产而遭到杀害。答案见第二段倒数第二句，这一对邪教领袖曾预言世界将于1999年12月31日借宿世界末日来临。结果并没有发生，追随者就要求归还他们在入教时献上的一切，而遭到有计划有步骤地杀害。B. 他们发现邪教头目欺骗他们。这只是起因之一，如果发现后不吭声也许不会遭劫。C.他们对邪教失去了信任。D. 他们愿意去死。2. A 贫穷。主要原因就是穷。答案见第四段。许多专家认为非洲之艰苦生活促使人民在邪教中寻找希望。这些邪教群体之兴起就是因为贫穷。人民没有支柱、保障，很容易受影响。任何人都可利用他们不安的情绪。其次艾滋病在东非之猖獗，培育出宿命论观点，从而帮助预示可怕事情即将来临的思想扎根于心灵。B.不安全。C.艾滋病。D.宿命论。3. C 她预言世界末日。A.她预言世界将遭水淹。B.她预言世界将烧光。D.她预言她的追随者将死于信仰。4. B 他们把基督教会视为西方的或非非洲的而拒之门外。见第五段：有些非洲人在把基督教会视作西方的或非非洲的而拒之门外后皈依邪教。A.认为基督教非常沉闷单调。C.他们易受影响。D.他们是一伙危险人物。5. A 邪教行动神秘。例：第一段中描述的好几百乌干达邪教组织成员死于初看好像是自杀性的火焰之中（自焚），在一个场院诱发现了153具尸体，在搜查邪教头目的房子中又发现了156具尸体，许多埋于房子的混凝土地板下面，还有好几十具从邪教成员家中挖出，其中有些人被毒死。其他，特别是孩子都是扼杀（窒息而死）。共计924人，至少有530人烧死在封闭的教堂里。倒数第三段，乌干达世界末日邪教一个头目免去圣职的牧师，据说80年代中他研究神学，他告诉邻居他在家挖一个地窖放冰箱。现在警察发现地板下81具尸体，附近一场地74具尸体。上述两例都是神秘杀害，至于要归还财产之人更遭神秘杀害了。B.政府官员没有看出邪教的危险性（原因之一）。C.没有防范措施。D.人民害怕。阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。I grew up in a house where the TV was seldom turned on and with one wall in my bedroom entirely lined with bookshelves, most of my childhood was spent on books I could get hold of. In fact, I grew up thinking of reading as natural as breathing and books unbelievably powerful in shaping perspectives (观点) by creating worlds we could step into, take part. in. and live in.With this unshakable belief, I, at. fourteen, decided to become a writer. Here too, reading became useful. Every writer starts off knowing that he has something to say, but being unable to find the right ways to say it. He has to find his own voice by reading widely and discovering which parts of the writers he agrees or disagrees with, or agrees with so strongly that it reshapes his own world. He cannot write without loving to read, because only through reading other peoples writing can one discover what works, what doesnt and, in the end, together with lots of practice, what voice he has.Now I am in college, and have come to realize how important it is to read fiction (文学作品)As a. law student, my reading is in fact limited to subject matterthe volume (量) of what I have to read for classes every week means there is little time to read anything else. Such reading made it all the clearer to me that I live in a very small part in this great place called life. Reading fiction reminds me that there is life beyond my own. It allows me to travel across the high seas and along the Silk Road, all from the comfort of my own armchair, to experience, though secondhand, exciting experiences that I wouldnt necessarily be able to have in my l