河北省石家庄裕华区2020高考英语 阅读类一轮练习（1）

石家庄裕华区2020高考英语 阅读类一轮练习（1）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Napoleon, as a character inTolstoys War and Peace, is more than once described as having“fat little hands.” Nor does he “sit well or firmly on the horse.” He is said to be“undersized, “ with “short legs” and a“round stomach”. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoys descriptionit seems not that far off from historical accountsbut his choice of facts:other things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoys Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his noseand that is the point.It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(沙皇), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry:doesnt he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. “That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war! “ he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon“walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly.”Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. “He raised his hand to the Russians. . . face, “ Tolstoy writes, and“taking him by the ear pulled it gently. . .” To have ones ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. “Well, well, why dont you say anything?” said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon.Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own. 1. Tolstoys description of Napoleon in War and Peace is.A. far from the historical facts B. based on the Russian historyC. based on his selection of facts D. not related to historical details2. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because.A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace termsB. the Tsars peace terms were hard to acceptC. the Russians stopped his military movementD. he didnt have any more army to fight with3. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do?A. To walk out of the room in anger. B. To show agreement with him.C. To say something about the Tsar. D. To express his admiration.4. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is.A. ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guestsB. fond of showing off his iron willC. determined in destroying all of EuropeD. crazy for power and respect5. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?A. A writer doesnt have to be faithful to his findings.B. A writer may write about a hero in his own way.C. A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.D. A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.【参考答案】1-5、 CADDA阅读理解。选材相似度： 设题相似度： 难度系数：What picture do you have of the future? Will life in the future be better，worse or the same as now? What do you hope about the future?Futurologists predict that life will probably be very different in 2050 in all the fields of activity，from entertainment to technology.First of all，it seems that TV channels will have disappeared by 2050.Instead，people will choose a program from a “menu” and a computer will send the program directly to the television.By 2050，music，films，programs，newspapers and books will come to us by computer.In what concerns the environment，water will have become one of our most serious problems.Demand for water will increase ten times between now and 2050 and there could be serious shortages.Some futurologists predict that water could be the cause of war if we dont act now.In transport，cars will run on new，clean fuels and they will go very fast.Cars will have computers to control the speed of the car and there wont be any accidents.Today，many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are.By 2050，the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination.In the domain of technology，robots will have replaced people in factories.Many factories already use robots.Big companies prefer robotsthey do not ask for pay rises or go on strike，and they work 24 hours a day.By 2050，we will see robots everywherein factories，schools，offices，hospitals，shops and homes.Last but not least，medicine technology will have conquered many diseases.Today scientists have discovered how to control genes.They have already produced clones of animals.By 2050，scientists will be able to produce clones of people and decide how they look，how they behave and how much intelligence they have.Scientists will be able to do these thingsbut should they?Note：domain n领域【语篇解读】 本篇文章从五个方面对2050年未来的生活进行了展望，同时也存在着些许担心，如克隆技术等。1Whats the purpose of the first paragraph?ATo arouse the interest of the readers.BTo tell the background of the passage.CTo introduce the topic of the passage.DTo describe the pictures of the future.答案A推理判断题。开篇接连几个问句的出现，目的在于吸引读者的兴趣，让读者充满期待地读完文章。2We can know from the passage that _.Acomputer will finally take the place of the media nowadaysBrobots will completely have replaced people in factoriesCcomputers will tell drivers exactly where they are in futureDit is more convenient to choose programs sent by the computer答案D细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By 2050，music，films，programs，newspapers and books will come to us by computer.”可知这些新闻媒介将会通过电脑进入我们的生活，但并不是说电脑最终代替媒体，所以A错误；根据倒数第二段可知机器人将代替人类的一些活动，但并不能说机器人就完全替代人类，所以选项B错误；根据第三段可知选项C是人类现在的技术；根据第二段可知D正确。3Whats the authors attitude towards the life by 2050?AExcited but pessimistic. BOptimistic but worried.CEager but afraid. DConfident but cautious.答案B推理判断题。根据全文的描述可知作者对未来的生活进行了乐观的预测，同时对于未来的克隆技术心存担扰。4It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.Aall diseases will not conquered by scientistsBscientists have known the way to produce genesCthe clones of human are understanding by scientistsDthe clones of animals have a long way to go答案A推理判断题。根据最后一段“Last but not least，medicine technology will have conquered many diseases.”可知现在医学技术可以攻克一些疾病，与选项A(并不是所有疾病都能被人类攻克)相吻合。完形填空Im sitting in a quiet room at the Millcroft Hotel，a peaceful place hidden back among pine trees about an hour out of Toronto.Its just past noon，late July，and Im_1_the desperate sounds of a lifeordeath_2_going on a few feet away.Theres a small_3_burning out the last of its short lifes energies in a(an)_4_to fly through the glass of the window._5_，its not working.The great effort offers no hope for survival.Ironically (讽刺地)，the struggle is part of the trap.It is_6_for the fly to try hard enough to succeed in_7_through the glass.This fly is doomed (注定失败)It will_8_there on the windowsill.Across the room，ten steps_9_，the door is open.Ten seconds of flying time and this small creature could reach the outside world it_10_.With only a small effort now being_11_，it could be free of this selfset_12_.The breakthrough possibility is there.It would be so_13_.Why doesnt the fly try another approach，_14_dramatically different？How did it get so locked in on the idea_15_this particular route and determined effort offer the most promise for success?No doubt this way makes_16_to the fly.Regrettably，its an idea that will kill it.Trying harder isnt necessarily the solution_17_achieving more.It may not offer any real_18_for getting what you want out of life.Sometimes，in fact，its a big part of the problem.If you_19_your hopes for a breakthrough on trying harder than ever，you may_20_your chances for success.【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了“我”在旅馆里看到一只苍蝇不停地试图穿过玻璃飞出去，这无疑是在自杀。它完全可以从旁边开着的门飞走。“我”从这件事得到启发：人们在遇到困难的时候，不应冒昧地尝试，应该有所突破，才有机会获得成功。1.A.seeingBcrying outCwatchingDlistening to解析句意为：我听到了绝望的声音。listen to“听到”。A、B、C三项均没有“听到”的意思。答案D2A.struggleBcryCyellDtest解析struggle意为“挣扎，斗争”；cry意为“哭，喊叫”；yell意为“叫喊”；test意为“测试”。由第二段第四句中“the struggle is part of trap”的提示可知，此处应选用struggle。答案A3A.birdBflyCinsectDworm解析bird意为“鸟”；fly意为“苍蝇”；insect意为“昆虫”；worm意为“爬虫”。由第二段第五句中的“the fly to try hard enough to succeed in.”可知，B项正确。答案B4A.experienceBdirectionCforceDattempt解析experience意为“经验，经历”；direction意为“方向”；force意为“武力”；attempt意为“尝试”。根据上下文语境可知，苍蝇正在尝试穿过玻璃飞出去。答案D5A.ThusBSoCAlthoughDHowever解析thus意为“因而”；so意为“所以”；although意为“虽然”；however意为“然而”。句意为：虽然苍蝇不断地尝试穿过玻璃窗，然而并不奏效。前后两句是转折关系。答案D6A.unusualBlikelyCimpossibleDcommon解析unusual“不同寻常的”；likely“可能的”；impossible“不可能的”；common“寻常的”。由常识可知，苍蝇是不可能成功穿过玻璃飞出去的。答案C7A.diggingBbreakingCpushingDjumping解析dig“挖掘”；break“打破”；push“推”；jump“跳”。短语break through意为“突破，冲破”，符合语境。答案B8A.killBdieClieDstick解析kill“杀死”；die“死”；lie“撒谎，躺”；stick“粘贴”。由常识判断，如果苍蝇不断地撞击玻璃，就会死在那里。答案B9A.awayBfarCnearDdistant解析away“距离远”；far“远的”；near“近的”；distant“远的”。away用在名词后，表示距离某地有多远，符合语境。答案A10A.dreamsBthinks ofCmissesDlongs for解析dream“梦想”；think of“考虑”；miss“怀念，错过”；long for“渴望”。句意为：只需十秒钟的飞行，这只苍蝇就能飞到外面它所渴望的世界。答案D11A.doneBownedCwastedDplanned解析do“做，完成”；own“拥有”；waste“浪费”；plan“计划”。根据语境可知，它之前的努力都白费了，故C项符合语境。答案C12A.aimBtrapCnetDgoal解析aim“目的，目标”；trap“陷阱”；ne