高二英语Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships - Friendship外研社知识精讲

高二英语Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships - Friendship外研社【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Module 3 Interpersonal Relationships - Friendship二. 重难点讲解：（一）重点单词：1. raise及物动词 vt. 举起；抬起；提起put up, lift something or someone upThey raise glasses to the friendship between the two peoples.他们举杯为两国人民的友谊干杯。This weight is too heavy; I cant raise it.这东西太重，我举不起来。及物动词 vt. 提高；增加make prices, wages, etc. higherSalaries have now been raised.现在薪水已增加了。The level of our scientific research has been raised.我们的科研水平有了提高。及物动词 vt. 饲养keep animals, to make young animalsThey increased their income by raising silkworms and so on.他们靠养蚕等增加了收入。He is a farmer and raises horses.他是农民，又养马。及物动词 vt. 养育have and bring up childrenraise a family（rear a family）抚养子女They are proud to have raised such a fine son.养育这样一个好儿子他们感到很自豪。及物动词 vt. 种植；种grow plantsWe raised a good crop of tomatoes this year.今年我们种的西红柿长得很好。及物动词 vt. 弄到；筹集fetch something; bring something togetherWe had great difficulty in raising the money.我筹集这笔钱有很大困难。及物动词 vt. 提出bring forward for consideration; presentShe raised a very important question at the meeting.她在会上提出一个非常重要的问题。Why didnt you raise the question at the meeting?这问题你怎么没在会上提出来？及物动词 vt. 提高声音；使被听到；大声说出make（ones voice）louder; cause to be heard; say（something）in a loud voiceThe gang raised the roof with their singing.这帮人大喊大叫，好像要掀翻屋顶似的。The leader raised his voice so that we could all hear.领袖放大了嗓门，以便我们都听得见名词 n. 量之增加；（尤用于美）提高薪资an increase in amount, a rise in wagesHe got a raise in his monthly wages.他的月薪增加了。The two brothers made quite a raise in the California mines.两兄弟在加利福尼亚矿区搞到一笔钱。2. swing不可数名词 n.U 摇摆；晃动；摇荡moving backwards and forwards through the airThe swing of the dogs long tail knocked a vase from the little table.狗摆动它的长尾巴，打翻了小桌子上的花瓶。不可数名词 n.U 韵律；节奏strong rhythmJazz music has a lot of swing.爵士音乐节律很强。可数名词 n.C 秋千hanging seat for a child to move backwards and forwards through the airChildren like to go back and forth on the swings in the park.孩子们喜欢在公园的秋千上荡来荡去。play on the swing荡秋千不及物动词 vi. 摇动；摇摆hang and move from side to side or backwards and forwards through the airThe monkey was swinging in the tree.猴子在树上荡来荡去。不及物动词 vi. 摇摆而行move with a free swinging motionThe soldiers swung along the street.士兵们沿路摇摇摆摆地前进。及物动词 vt. 使摇摆；摇动；摆动cause to move backward and forwardWe swing our arms when we walk.我们走路的时候摆动两臂。及物动词 vt. 悬挂；悬吊put up so as to move freely; hang on hinges; suspendSwing a lamp from the ceiling.请将灯悬在天花板上。及物动词 vt. 使打转；使旋转cause to turn in a curveThe tide swung the boat round.潮水使船打了一个转。3. confront及物动词 vt. 面对；碰面stand in front of and stare at; stand facingHe was confronted by a policeman at the gate.他在大门口碰到了警察。及物动词 vt. 对抗face boldly; opposeThey confronted the power of government.他决定和敌人相抵抗。及物动词 vt. 使面对（confront with）place before; bring face to face withHe was confronted with the evidence.证据摆在他面前。The new system will be confronted with great difficulties at the start.新体系开始时会遇到极大的困难。4. regret及物动词 vt. 感到遗憾，抱歉；懊悔；悔恨to be sorry aboutI didnt regret the choice I had made.我做了这个选择并不后悔。She regretted having missed the film.她懊悔没能看上那场电影。I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country.我遗憾的只是我仅仅能为祖国贡献一次生命。It is a matter to be regretted.这是一件令人遗憾的事。He said he much regretted not being able to help.他说，他为不能给予帮助深感遗憾。I regret to say that we cant stay here any longer.我很抱歉，我们不能再在这儿多呆了。名词 n. 悔恨；懊悔；惋惜the feeling of being sorry; sorrow at the loss or absence of something; sorrow for what has or has not been done.Why did little Franz begin to have regret ?为什么小弗朗兹开始感到惋惜？I felt a great regret at having spent my time in this way.我对这样浪费光阴深感懊悔。Much to my regret, I didnt go with them.非常遗憾，我没有同他们一起去。a matter for regret一件憾事refuse with much regret婉言拒绝express deep regret at对深表遗憾5. betray及物动词 vt. 出卖；背叛be untrue to someone who is your friendHe who betrays his country must be punished.背叛祖国的人必须受到惩罚。He betrayed his friends to the enemy.他把朋友出卖给敌人。及物动词 vt. 泄漏（秘密）；暴露tell a secret, etc.He betrayed the news to all his friends.他把消息向他所有的朋友泄漏了。The enemy betrayed himself.敌人原形毕露了。及物动词 vt. 不忠；违背be false toShe betrayed her promise.她违背了诺言。6. slide名词 n. 滑；滑动moving smoothly over or down somethingThe children were having a slide down the icy path.孩子们沿结冰的小道滑动。名词 n. 滑梯special thing for children where they can climb up steps and move down the other sideThere are swings and slides in the childrens playground.在儿童游戏场里有秋千和滑梯。名词 n. 幻灯片piece of film that one puts in a projector which shows the picture on a screenSlides are shown once a week in their physics class.他们每周一次在物理课上放映幻灯。Do you want a colour film for slides or prints?你要的彩色胶卷是做幻灯片用还是为了冲晒加印？名词 n. 滑面a smooth surface for sliding onA frozen brook makes a good slide.结冻的溪流形成了一个好的光滑面。名词 n. 雪崩；土崩a mass of earth,snow,etc.sliding down a slopeThe slide buried the trees in its path.土崩一路上把树木埋了起来。动词 v. 滑动；使滑动move smoothly;make something move smoothlyThe girl is sliding on the ice.女孩在冰上滑行。The drawers of my desk slide in and out easily.我书桌的抽屉容易推进拉出。动词 v. 不声不响地溜走go away quietly without being noticedQuickly we slid into the bush and then watched.我们赶快溜进树丛里，观察动静。She slid out of the room when no one was looking.趁没有人注意的时候她从房间里溜了出去。动词 v. 流逝；流；不知不觉地陷入to pass graduallyThe summer days are sliding by and soon it will be autumn.夏天悄悄地过去，秋天就要来了。动词 v. 滑落to slip and fallThe wet bar of soap slid from my hands.那块湿肥皂从我手中滑落了。7. spray名词 n. 浪花；水花；喷雾liquid going through the air in tiny dropsClouds of spray rose from the sea as it crashed on the rocks.海水冲击岩石，团团浪花飞入空中。The wind blew the spray from the waves over us.风把浪花吹到了我们身上。名词 n. 喷雾器can with liquid that shoots out in fine drops when one presses a buttonspray gun喷枪the spray of a waterfall瀑布的飞沫及物动词 vt. 向喷射shoot out in spray; make liquid shoot outHe sprayed an insecticide upon the plants to kill the insects.他给作物喷药，以杀死害虫。Theyre spraying DDT.to kill the insects.他们在喷洒滴滴涕杀虫。The peasants are spraying their vegetable gardens.农民在给菜园喷灌（浇水）。I am spraying the mosquitoes.我在喷杀蚊子。不及物动词 vi. 喷出水沫；产生水沫form spray8. predict及物动词 vt. 预言，预告，预报，预测The weather forecast predicts sunshine for tomorrow.天气预报预测明天天晴。及物动词 vt. 预言They predicted It was predicted that there would be an earthquake.他们预言会有地震。及物动词 vt. 预言He predicted when war would break out.他预言战争何时会爆发。（二）重点词组：我还记得我第一次见到罗伊的情景。I still remember _ _ _ that I met Roy.结果，我开始认识其他人，罗伊和我成了好朋友。As a result, I started _ _ _ people; Roy and I became good friends .但是就在不到一年前，罗伊的父亲被车撞了。But only _ _ _ _ ,Roys father was _ _ by a car .他说到最后的时候，大家都哄堂大笑起来。When he reached the final line, everyone _ _ _.罗伊和我时不时见面。Roy and I see each other _ _ _ _.我张大了嘴巴，直盯着他。My mouth _ _ and I just looked at him.此间，一些学生放在锁柜的零钱开始丢失。At the same time, small _ _ _ started disappearing from students lockers.上周我们学校开了个大型义卖会，为一个慈善机构筹款。Last week, our school had a big fair in order to _ _ for a charity.（三）Knock的相关词组：She was knock down by a bus.The boxer knocked down his opponent （对手）easily.The building will be knocked down.What time do you knock off?I knocked off 20% of the price of the present.【典型例题】过去分词作状语在高考试题中的应用1. _ more attention, the tree could have grown better. 90全国A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given.2. The computer center, _ last year, is very popular among the students in this school93全国A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened3. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.94全国A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written4. _ is thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.96全国A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose5. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth .A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix6. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. 01全国夏A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered7. The researcher is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.02全国A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun8. _ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.00上海A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding9. When _, the museum will be open to the public next year. 02上海春A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed10. Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices.02京皖春A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying11. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. 02上海A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known12. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.03上海春A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited13. Friendship is like money: easier made than _. 03北京A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. having kept14. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. 03北京春A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring15. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. 03北京A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given答案：15 ADDCC 610 ADCAB 1115 DAAAD【模拟试题】（一）The home computer industry has been growing rapidly in the United States for the last ten years . Computers used to be large, expensive machines that were very difficult to use . But scientists and technicians have been making them smaller and cheaper while at the same time they have been made easier to use. As a result, their popularity has been increasing as more people have been buying computers for their homes and businesses. Computers have been designed to store information and compute problems that are difficult for human beings to work out. Some have voices that speak with the operators. Stores use computers to keep records of their inventories（库存货物）and to send bills to their customers（顾客）. Offices use computers to copy letters, record business and keep in touch with other offices. People have been using computers in their homes to keep track of the money they spend.One important new use for computers is for entertainment（娱乐）. Many new games have been designed to be played on the computers. People of all ages have been playing these games, People also have been buying home computers to play computer games, watch movies and listen to concerts at home. They have become very popular indeed.1. Computers used to _.A. work rapidly B. be large and expensiveC. be easy to use D. be used for fun2. In recent years , computers are being made _.A. larger and more expensive B. smaller and cheaperC. more difficult to use D. to work more slowly3. Home computers can be used for _.A. writing letters B. playing games C. doing business D. all of the above4. Salesmen use computers mainly to _.A. check the list of goods and materials that are kept in the store houseB. play games for pleasureC. talk with their friendsD. write letters5. The best title for the passage would be _.A. New Uses For Computers B. The Popularity of Home ComputersC. The Home Computer Industry D. Computers At Home（二）Hank Viscardi was born without legs. He hadnot legs but stumps（残肢）that could he fitted with a kind of special boots, People stared at him with cruel interest. Children laughed at him and called him Ape Man（猿人）because his arms practically dragged on the ground.Hank went to school like other boys. His grades were good and he needed only eight years to finish his schooling instead of the usual twelve. After graduating from school, he worked his way through college. He swept floors, waited on table, or worked in one of the college offices. During all this busy life, he had been moving around on his stumps. But one day the doctor told him even the stumps were not going to last much longer. He would soon have to use a wheel chair.Hank felt himself got cold all over. However, the doctor said there was a chance that he could be fitted with artificial legs（假腿）. Finally a leg maker was found and the day came when Hank stood up before the mirror, For the first time he saw himself as he has always wanted to bea full five feet eight inches tall. By this time he was already 26 years old.Hank had to learn to use his new legs. Again and again he marched the length of the room , and marched back again. There were times when he fell down on the floor, but he pulled himself up and went back to the endless marching. He went out on the street. He climbed stairs and learned to dance. He built a boat and learned to sail it.When World War II came , he talked