高中英语 模块5 Unit 2　The environment单元复习学案 牛津译林版（通用）

牛津译林版高中英语单元复习学案Unit 2The environment词汇导练1How do you analyze the present economic s_？2A balloon e_as it is filled with air.3The manager is greatly d_ with the young man.4This medicine is highly e_against cancer.5Smoking is p_in all areas of the office building.6The_(环境)problems must be paid much attention to.7We try our best to increase _(产量)by using better methods and tools.8I have enjoyed my visit very much，and would like to thank all(the people)_(相关的)9He felt the floor shocked _(轻微)10The two workers have been_(非法)discharged(解雇)11One or two glasses of wine a day can be_(benefit)12They had been_ (debate) for several hours without reaching a duction8.concerned9slightly10.illegally11.beneficial12.debating短语汇集1_对有持久的影响2_ 增长至3_ 环保的生活方式4_ 对负责5_ 经营这些工厂的人们6_ 对有害7_ 自然灾害8_ 采取措施来阻止沙漠化进程9_ 认识到做某事的重要性10_ 引起国内外关注11_ 偶遇12_ 得出一个结论1.have a lasting effect on/upon2.grow to/climb to/rise to/increase to3.an environmentally friendly way of living,4.be responsible for(doing)sth./take responsibility for sth.5.the people running these factories6.do harm to/be harmful to/do damage to.7.natural disasters8.take steps to stop the process of desertification9.recognize the importance of doing sth.10.raise concern both nationally and internationally/both at home and abroad11.run across/run into/come across12.draw/come to/arrive at/reach a conclusion语句试译1(回归课本P22)The worlds population has grown to more than six times_ _ _in 1800.目前世界人口和1800年相比已经增加到那时的6倍多。2(回归课本P23)But I_agree that recycling may be the key to helping both sides.但有一点我的确赞同：循环利用或许是对两者都有利的解决办法。3(回归课本P22)My suggestion is_we should try to cut back on production and.我的建议是我们应该尽量削减生产4(回归课本P23)_ _ _ _you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.很显然你对我们目前的环境状况很担心。5(回归课本P25)People should take responsibility for not buying certain kinds of fish，because _ _ not many left in the ocean.人们应该为买不到某种鱼负责任，因为在海洋里已剩下不多的鱼了。1.what it was2.do3.that4.It is obvious that5.there are核心知识1.debate vt.& vi.辩论，争论，讨论；n辩论；辩论会(回归课本P22)Todays debate question isThe economy or the environmentmust we choose？今天辩论的话题是“要经济还是环境我们必须做出选择吗？”12归纳拓展debate with sb.about sth.和某人就某事辩论debate whether to do sth./debate whether从句考虑/讨论是否have a debate进行讨论/辩论open/close a debate开始/终止辩论under debate在讨论中例句探源Today there is a debate in Singapore about which variety of English is the best.至今在新加坡还有一种关于哪种英语最好的争论(朗文P519)There has been very little public debate on the Navys new program.几乎还没有针对海军新计划的公众辩论。(牛津P514)The committee will debate whether to lower the age of club membership to 16.委员会将讨论是否将参加俱乐部的年龄限制放宽到16岁。易混辨析debate，quarrel，argue，discuss(1)quarrel是指因为对某事不喜欢或强烈不满而发生的“争吵”或“吵架”，常用结构为：quarrel with sb.；quarrel about sth.。(2)argue指一方着重就自己的看法或观点提出论证，并就此同对方“争论”或“辩论”，企图说服对方，常用结构为：argue with sb.about/over sth.。(3)debate多指在公开、正式场合各自陈述理由，内含“交锋”的意思。(4)discuss指为了解决问题或弄清对方的观点而进行的讨论、磋商。Lets discuss the details of the contract tomorrow.He knew it was useless to argue with his father.Linda had a big quarrel with her husband yesterday.They debated hotly whether to accept these proposals or not.He seriously debated whether or not he should charge Martin extra for the water.1完成句子(1)这是个他们常讨论的问题。This is a question that _ _ _.答案：they often debate(2)经过长时间的辩论，他们通过了这个计划。After _ _ _，they approved the plan.答案：a long debate(3)这则新闻报道的事实，毋庸争辩。The truth of this news story is _ _.答案：beyond debate2.Each time the programme was showed on TV，it starts a nationwide debate_the subject.Afor BagainstCon Dof解析：选C。句意：每次播放这个节目，都引起对此话题的全国性大辩论。debate on“对的争论”；debate for“支持的辩论”；debate against“反对的辩论”。2.layvt.产卵，下蛋；摆放，放置；设置；铺设；奠定基础(回归课本P22)These boats catch large numbers of fish without giving them time to lay eggs.这些捕捞船捕捞大量的鱼类，根本不让它们有产卵的时间。归纳拓展例句探源He collects butterflies and brings them into a lab to lay eggs.他收集蝴蝶，然后带到实验室产卵。(朗文P1161)He sank into the chair and laid his gloves on the floor.他一屁股坐进椅子里，把手套搁在地上。(牛津P1144)Our teacher lays great stress on good spelling.我们老师着力强调要拼写正确。易混辨析lie，laylie与lay的不同词义、词性及四种基本形式：lielaylainlying vi.躺；卧；位于laylaidlaidlaying vt.放置；产卵lieliedliedlying vi.撒谎There is a ladder lying against the wall.She often complains that her hens dont lay well.Lay the book where you took it.The boy often tells lies，so hardly anyone believes him.3完成句子(1)午饭准备好了，请摆好餐具。Lunch is ready.Please_ _ _.答案：lay the table(2)这种动物在水中产卵。This kind of animal_ _ _in water.答案：lays its eggs(3)他们正在客厅铺设新地毯。They_ _ _ _ _in the living room.答案：are laying a new carpet3.figuren数字；外形；轮廓；人物；人影v认为；判断(回归课本P22)The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion people！这个数字现已接近65亿！归纳拓展例句探源The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time to figure out its reality.目前的形势非常复杂，因此我认为要花费我一段时间来弄清楚它的真实性。Complete the chart with figures from the passage.用文章中的数字完成表格。Shes always had a good figure.她一向体态优美。In the ricegrowing world，the Chinese scientist，Yuan Longping，is a leading figure.在水稻种植领域，中国科学家袁隆平是一位杰出人士。4完成句子(1)你是怎么保持苗条身材的？How do you_ _ _？答案：keep your figure(2)请把账目的总数加起来。Please_ _the account.答案：figure up(3)我想他是诚实的。I figure_ _ _ _.答案：that he is honest5.For many years I have been trying to_what it is that makes Jack so angry.Acarry outBfigure outCwatch out Dmake out解析：选B。figure out“弄明白”；carry out“完成，执行”；watch out“小心”；make out“辨认出”，作“理解，明白”讲时，常用于否定句或疑问句。根据句意，B为最佳答案。4.approachvt.& vi.接近，靠近n靠近，接近；态度，方法(回归课本P22)The figure is now approaching 6.5 billion people!这个数字现已接近65亿！归纳拓展at the approach of 在快到的时候approach to接近，近似，约等于；(做某事)的方法/途径make approaches to sb.设法接近某人approach sb.on/about sth.为某事与某人打交道例句探源The global energy crisis is approaching.全球能源危机正在迫近。The scouts made a stealthy approach to the enemy position.侦察员偷偷地接近敌人的阵地。The job market has changed and our approach to finding work must change as well.就业市场变了，我们找工作的途径也要改变。(朗文P84)Researchers are looking for new ways to approach the problem.研究人员正在寻找处理这个问题的新方法。6完成句子(1)圣诞节快到了。The Christmas Day_ _.答案：is approaching(2)他是一个难以接近的人。He is a man_ _ _.答案：hard to approach(3)他们找到了治疗癌症的新方法。They have found_ _ _ _cancer treatment.答案：a new approach to7.In the lecture，the famous lecturer referred to three different_to the study of physics.Ameans BmethodsCways Dapproaches解析：选D。选项中四个词都表示方法，只有approach后跟介词to表示“的方法”。5.situationn形势，情形(回归课本P23)Its obvious that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment.很显然你对我们目前的环境状况很担心。归纳拓展get into/out of a difficult situation陷入/摆脱困难的状况the international/domestic situation国际/国内形势save the situation 挽回局面，扭转危局find a new situation找了一份新工作be in/out of a situation有/失去职业例句探源(朗文P1919)Everyone knew how serious the situation was.人人都了解形势的严重性。(牛津P1877)You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.你可能遇上一种情况，使你不得不立刻作出决定。易混辨析situation，state，condition(1)situation指某一时间由各种情况所造成的“处境”“形势”。(2)state指人或事物所处的状态或状况，常和condition替用。此外，state还常表示思想、感情、心理等状态。(3)condition意为“条件、情况、状况”，其单数形式指人或物所处的状态，这时与state意义相近，常可以互换，但condition还常着重指一定原因或条件所造成的状态，如人的健康状况、物的完好程度、设备的可用性等，其复数形式指一般笼统的情况。Hes now in a dangerous situation.Everything was in a state of disorder.Hes in no condition to travel.8. (2020年许昌新乡高三调研) The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly_.AatmosphereBstateCsituation Dphenomenon解析：选A。句意：两国高层领导人之间的会谈在友好的气氛中进行。atmosphere气氛；state状态；situation处境；phenomenon现象。由句意可知A项正确。9School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous_.Astates BconditionsCsituations Dpositions解析：选C。句意：学生必须接受如何应付危险情况的教育。state状态，状况，情况。condition(居住、工作或做事情的)环境，条件。6.advisev劝告，建议(回归课本P38).and advises people on the importance of protecting this great river.并且建议人们意识到保护这条大河的重要性。归纳拓展例句探源My teacher advised me to keep a diary.老师建议我写日记。I advise waiting till proper time.我建议等到适当的时候。Could you advise on how to improve my English?你能就如何提高英语水平给我提些建议吗？(朗文P31)They gave me some advice about buying a house.他们给我提供了一些买房子的好建议。10完成句子(1)建议乘客看管好自己的提包。Passengers are advised_ _ _ _ _unattended.答案：not to leave their bags(2)我劝你什么都不要给新闻界讲。I _you_saying anything to the press.答案：advise；against(3)他就税收问题为我们提供咨询。He advises us_tax matters.答案：on(4)你能不能给我点买车的建议？Can you_/_ _ _ _about buying a car?答案：give/offer me some advice7.decreasevi.& n.(回归课本P35)This is one of the cheapest and most effective ways of decreasing desertification.这是减少沙漠化最便宜也是最有效的方法之一。归纳拓展decrease to减少到decrease by减少了on the decrease在减少例句探源(朗文P525)Some illnesses cause a decrease in appetite.有些疾病会使人食欲下降。(牛津P520)The price of wheat has decreased by 15%.小麦价格降低了15%。11(2020年高考浙江卷)Over the past decades，sea ice_in the Arctic as a result of global warming.Ahad decreased BdecreasedChas been decreasing Dis decreasing解析：选C。句意：在过去的几十年间，由于全球气候变暖，北极的冰在不断减少。“over/in/during/for the past时间段”作状语时，主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。12. (2020年湖北省八校高三联考) If their marketing plans succeed，they_their sales by 20 percent.Awill increase Bhave been increasingChave increased Dwould be increasing解析：选A。句意：如果他们的市场运作计划成功，他们的销售额将会提高20%。根据句意，if从句用一般现在时表将来，主句用将来时。8.effortn努力；艰难的尝试(回归课本P38)We believe that the efforts of the Chinese government and the Chinese people to protect this muchloved river will be appreciated for years to come by future generations.我们相信，中国政府和人民为保护这条他们所挚爱的河流而做出的努力将在未来数年内得到后人的肯定和欣赏。归纳拓展make an effort/efforts to do sth.努力去做某事make every effort to do sth.尽一切努力去做某事spare no effort(s)to do sth.不遗余力地去做某事with (an)effort(with difficulty)费力地，使劲地without effort毫不费力地in an effort to.为了例句探源Nothing can be gained without effort.不劳无获。Their efforts were rewarded with success.他们的努力获得了成功。(朗文P651)Team officials continue to negotiate in an effort to reach an agreement with parcells.为了与帕斯尔斯达成协议，球队官员在继续谈判。(牛津P641)The local clubs are making every effort to interest more young people.地方俱乐部正在尽一切努力来吸引更多的年轻人。13完成句子(1)我决定再作一次努力。I decided to_ _ _ _.答案：make one more effort(2)不过我向你们保证我们将竭尽全力使你们今晚在这里过得愉快。But I assure you that we will_ _ _ _ _your evening here a pleasant one.答案：make every effort to make(3)我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。We should_ _ _ _ _our environment.答案：spare no effort to beautify(4)他讲话很慢，很吃力。He spoke slowly and_ _.答案：with effort9.run out(of)用完，耗尽(回归课本P25)What if we run out of space?倘若我们用完了空间，该怎么办呢？归纳拓展例句探源Could I have a cigarette？I seem to have run out.给我支烟抽可以吗？我的烟好像抽完了。My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had run out of petrol.在去海滩的路上，我的车因为汽油耗尽而抛锚了。Lost in thought，he almost ran into the car in front of him.因为陷入沉思，他几乎撞上了前面的汽车。(朗文P1790)Nately jumped out of the car and ran after Santiago.内特利跳下车，跑着追赶圣地亚哥。14完成句子(1)牛奶被喝光了。The milk_ _ _/_ _ _ _.答案：has run out/has run out of(2)我们的燃料很快就要用完了。We_ _ _ _our fuel.答案：are running out of10.rely on依靠，依赖(回归课本P38)This is not good news for the people who live in all the towns and cities along the Yangtze River and who rely on it for water.这对于居住在长江两岸和饮用水需要依赖长江的所有城镇居民来说并不是好消息。归纳拓展rely on sb.to do依靠/指望某人做rely on ones own efforts/strength自力更生rely on ones promise相信某人的诺言rely on ones doing依赖某人做rely on sb.for sth.依赖某人某事rely on it that从句 相信/指望例句探源I rely on you for good advice.我依赖你给我好建议。(牛津P1680)These days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.现在，我们在很大程度上依赖电脑来安排我们的工作。You should rely on your own judgement.你应该相信你自己的判断。15完成句子(1)汤姆在穿着上总是依赖他妻子的意见。Tom always_ _ _ _ _advice on clothes.答案：relies on his wife for(2)你可以相信我一定会为你保守秘密。You can_ _ _ _keep your secret.答案：rely on me to(3)你可以相信他一定会准时来到。You can_ _ _ _he must come here on time.答案：rely on it that句型解析1【教材原句】 The worlds population has grown to more than six times what it was in 1800.(P22)世界人口已经增长到了1800年时的六倍多。【句法分析】more than six times what it was in 1800是“倍数what从句”的形式，意为“是(比)的倍”。倍数的表达方式有：(1)A倍数形容词或副词的比较级thanB，表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”。(2)A倍数as形容词或副词的原级asB，表示“A是B的多少倍”。(3)A倍数the size/height/length/width，etc.ofB，表示“A是B的多少倍”。(4)A倍数what从句，表示“A是的多少倍”。16完成句子(1)这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。The car runs_ _ than that truck.答案：twice