上海市嘉定区2020届高三英语下学期质量调研（二模）试题（含解析）

上海市嘉定区2020届高三英语下学期质量调研（二模）试题（含解析）(满分140分 考试时间120分钟)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A (10分)Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. At a hotel.B. At a travel agency.C. At an airport.D. At a police station.【答案】A【解析】【分析】W: Good morning sir. Can I help you?M: Im due to check out today, but Id like to extend my stay another two days.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。2.A. Customer and travel agent.B. Guide and tourist.C. Customer and shop assistant.D. Trainer and trainee.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W: I really like the baseball bat and the price is also attractive. Im wondering whether you can ship it overseas to Shanghai.M: Sorry, we dont provide this service.Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。3.A. Travel agency.B. Tour news.C. A job opportunity.D. Sales strategies.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W: Hi, Danny. The advertisement says they need a salesperson. Thatll be perfect for you because you like travelling very much.M: That sounds nice. Did they mention anything about experience?Q: What are the two speakers talking about?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。4.A. Join the club himself.B. Persuade the member not to quit.C. Attend the next club meeting.D. Look for someone to fill the position.【答案】D【解析】【分析】W: One of our club members is quitting. Do you know if anyone is interested in taking her place?M: Im not sure, but Ill certainly keep an eye out for you.Q: What will the man most probably do?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。5.A. Sending an e-mail.B. Talking on the phone.C. Working in an office.D. Doing spelling practice.【答案】B【解析】【分析】W: Can you give us your e-mail address, so we can get back to you as soon as possible?M: Ill send you an e-mail so we dont have to do the spelling on the phone. Okay?Q: What are the speakers doing?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。6.A. He is sorry for the womans absence.B. He is worried about their trip expense.C. He suggests the woman bring her daughter.D. He suggests the woman visit the university.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W: Id love to join you in the West Lake trip, but my daughter will come back home from the university. What a pity.M: Its not a big problem. The more, the merrier.Q: What does the man mean?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。7.A. The man can change his room later.B. She has no spare room for a change.C. The hotels business is now very good.D. Shes busy with her business right now.【答案】B【解析】【分析】M: Could you possibly change my room, madam. Its right under the night club and its much too noisy.W: Well, we are rather full, sir. Sorry.Q: What does the woman mean?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。8.A. Shes flying to Hong Kong.B. Shes going to say goodbye to Bill.C. Shes going to buy an airplane ticket.D. Shes leaving for Hong Kong with Bill.【答案】A【解析】【分析】M: Are you really leaving for Hong Kong tomorrow morning?W: Yeah, I guess so. Ive got my airplane ticket, and just cant wait to see Bill there.Q: What is the woman going to do?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。9.A. Youngsters dont really know what fashion is.B. People should care more about their appearance.C. Its not sensible to go after brand-name clothing.D. Styles change more quickly than necessary nowadays.【答案】C【解析】【分析】M: I cant figure out why those youngsters are so crazy about brand-name clothing.W: I feel the same way. It really doesnt make sense when they know how quickly styles change nowadays.Q: What does the woman mean?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。10.A. The woman dreams of becoming a critic someday.B. The woman is confident in the sales of her paintings.C. The man doubts that the womans paintings will sell well.D. The man is concerned about critics comments on the show.【答案】D【解析】【分析】W: I cant believe this is really happening! The dream Ive pursued so many years has finally come true.M: Well, remember, we dont know what the critics are going to write about your show yet. Their reviews are important for the sales of your paintings.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。Section B (15分)Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following passage.11.A. They use types of fuel that are not allowed on land.B. It takes more energy to move through water than over land.C. Their engines are not as powerful as those of other vehicles.D. They carry large numbers of passengers and vehicles as well.12.A. They are sometimes rude to other touristsB. They dont have meals in local restaurants.C. They fill up the restaurants and make noise.D. They complain when the city is too crowded.13.A. A new way of travelling.B. Reasons to ban cruise ships.C. Measures against pollution.D. Problems caused by cruise ships.【答案】11. A 12. B 13. D【解析】Cruises are becoming increasingly popular, with 20 million passengers a year enjoying holidays on board luxury ships. More people regard a cruise as a perfect way to sit back, doing nothing, and enjoy time off work. But what is the effect on the environment of this trend?It usually takes less energy for a vehicle to move through water than over land, but cruise ships are often massive, with the biggest ones carrying 6,000 passengers, so moving cruise ships requires huge engines, burning 300,000 litres of fuel a day. Because they are out at sea, they burn dirtier fuel that isnt allowed on land.Cruises also produce huge amounts of rubbish. Cruise ships arent usually good at recycling. Waste water from showers and toilets is usually poured directly into the seaas much per day as from a small town.Cruise ships also cause difficulties in the cities where they stop. Popular destinations can get five or six ships a day, with thousands of tourists at a time. Restaurant owners complain the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat. Besides, the crowds can put off other tourists, who complain the streets are too busy. Some towns have banned cruise ships or put a limit on the number that can stop at the same time.Questions:Why do cruise ships cause a lot of air pollution?Which of the following is true of the cruise ship passengers?What is the passage mainly about?【11题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【12题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【13题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。Questions are based on the following passage.14.A. To use an app to order meals.B. To know how to use a GPS signal.C. To communicate with the robot properly.D. To pay extra money for the delivery.15.A. It can move on its two feet at a very fast speed.B. It can identify the customers through its cameras.C. 3G technology enables it to find the customers houses.D. It was built by a European online take-away food company.16.A. The relationship between human and robot.B. The creative ways to use a robot.C. The worlds newest invention and technology.D. A self-driving food-delivery robot.【答案】14. A 15. C 16. D【解析】Europes biggest online take-away food company called Just Eat has made the first delivery of takeaways using a robot. Its advertisement shows a woman in London opens the door to find a six-wheeled robot delivering her online food order.The company said it was the worlds first online food delivery using a robot, with a customer making an order through its app.Instead of a person arriving at your door, you will receive a message on your cellphone, saying a robot is on its way and that a password will unlock the robot. When the robot arrives, put your password in. Then the robot opens up, and you will get your meal.The robot was built by Starship Technologies. Its equipped with nine cameras and movement sensors, which can send warnings. The robot can travel six kilometers per hour. It uses a GPS signal and nine cameras to stay away from obstacles. It is constantly connected to the Internet, using 3G technology to find its way to the customers addresses.If someone tries to destroy the robot, or steal it, a human operator can immediately receive a message, talking directly to the wrongdoer and sending the police to the scene. Cameras on the robot can capture the wrongdoers face.The robot delivery, costing $1 to transport within three miles, is cheaper than human delivery. London will have more robot deliveries in the coming months.Questions:What does a customer need to do to enjoy a robots delivery service?Which of the following statements describes the robot correctly?What is the passage mainly about?【14题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【15题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【16题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。Questions are based on the following passage.17.A. The approach to getting good scores.B. The effectiveness of cramming.C. The impact of a good nights sleep on a test.D. The better way to prepare for a test.18.A. Join the woman in her study.B. Memorize everything on his notes.C. Entertain himself and have fun.D. Skip lunch and hurry to the cinema.19.A. Organize a study group and quiz herself.B. Get involved in the revision without restC. Review the materials earnestly as scheduled.D. Focus on the chapters assigned by the teacher.20.A. Hardworking and focused.B. Energetic but easily distracted.C. Score-oriented and efficient.D. Ambitious but readily discouraged.【答案】17. D 18. C 19. C 20. A【解析】M: There you are. Ive been looking everywhere for you.W: Well, you found me.M: What are you doing in the library?W: Im studying for our science testM: But its not for another two weeks.W: Exactly. Im already behind in my review.M: Theres still loads of time to prepare.W: So youre going to wait until the night before to study?M: I am, because thats when I learn what I need to know.W: Memorizing everything the night before isnt learning. Thats cramming, and you wont keep the knowledge.M: So? I only need to be able to recall the information for the test.W: If you really want to learn, you have to review the material over a longer period of time.M: Cramming works for me. All I care about is getting a good grade.W: But youre putting stress on yourself.M: I dont feel stressed. Anyway, I need pressure to study!W: Really? Youre probably up most of the night cramming. A good nights sleep before a test is important.M: I may be sleepy, but I get a good test score. Anyway, who wants to study on a Saturday?W: I do. Thats where we differ. I want to take every opportunity to prepare.M: We still have two weeks You need to take a break. Lets grab lunch and catch a movie.W: Thanks, but I want to stay focused. Its important that I study the entire day.M: Wow, you are driven. But you need to eat.W: Ill grab something quick. I have my study time planned out with a few breaks.M: How can you concentrate for such a long time?W: Easy. I go over my class notes and vocabulary lists chapter by chapter and quiz myself.M: That takes too much time. I can memorize everything in one night.W: Good for you! You know? Its very effective to study with friends. Why dont you study with me for a while?M: For me, studying isnt urgent. I want to have fun. Thanks anyway. Enjoy the library.W: Have a good day.Questions:What are the two speakers talking about?What will the man do after the conversation?What does the woman usually do before a test?What can we learn about the woman from the conversation?【17题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【18题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【19题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【20题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。II. Grammar and VocabularySection A (10分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Eat healthier without quitting sugarNot long ago, fat was regarded as the evil for a healthy diet. Before that it was salt. Now the sugar-free diet _21_ (explode) onto the health scene and seems to have topped many peoples list of New Years resolutions.Sugar-free diets encourage people to avoid sweeteners such as honey, soft drinks and some fruits. Some also recommend _22_ (restrict) dairy products. The diets advocates note that excessive sugar consumption may increase the risk of heart disease and some cancers. So many sugar-free followers avoid milk, yoghurt and cheese _23_ the assumption that these products contain sugars.Its true we are swallowing too much of the sweet stuff, with the average American consuming around 20 teaspoons of _24_ (add) sugar a day. But you dont need _25_ (quit) sugar for healthy eating. Quitting sugar is unlikely to improve your health any more than cutting down on over-processed foods and eating more vegetables.Research shows dieting is not effective over the long term and can lead to greater weight gain over time. The brain interprets dieting and restriction as hunger, _26_ causes the storage of fat. Besides, the sugar-free diet is confusing and imposes a set of rules that _27_ (make) up without scientific evidence. Such a restrictive diet can create food fear or an unhealthy relationship with food. People who worry about food are more likely to diet. This may be _28_they are worried about their weight, or about the impact certain nutrients have on their health.Through series of experiments, _29_ the researchers are certain about is that you can eat plenty of plants, enjoy whole grains and beans. Fruit is your friend, not your enemy. Most people could probably eat a little less sugar, a little _30_ (often), but you dont have to quit it for good to be healthy.【答案】21. has exploded22. restricting23. due to/ owing to/ because of 24. added 25. to quit 26. which27. are made/have been made 28. because 29. what30. less often【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。无糖饮食已经爆炸式地进入健康领域，节食的倡导者认为过量的糖摄入可能会增加患心脏病和一些癌症的风险，所以一些人们避免吃甜食，一些人还建议不要吃乳制品。然而，研究表明，长期而言，节食是无效的，而且随着时间的推移，会导致体重增加。此外，无糖饮食令人困惑，并强加了一套没有科学证据的规则。这种限制性的饮食会造成对食物的恐惧或产生对食物不健康的看法。所以可以偶尔少吃一点糖，但不必为了健康而放弃糖。【21题详解】考查现在完成时。句意：现在，无糖饮食已经在健康领域炸开了锅，而且似乎已经成为许多人新年计划的首选。分析句意可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为sugar-free diet ，所以谓语为has exploded。故填has exploded。【22题详解】考查动名词。句意：一些人还建议限制奶制品的摄入。recommend doing sth“建议做某事”为固定短语。故填restricting.【23题详解】考查介词短语。句意：很多无糖的追随者不吃牛奶、酸奶和奶酪，由于他们认为这些产品含有糖分。分析句意可知，由于很多无糖的追随者认为这些产品含有糖分，所以他们不吃牛奶、酸奶和奶酪。所以空处填due to/ owing to/ because of“由于” ，其中to/of为介词后接名词assumption作宾语。故填due to/ owing to/ because of。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意：的确，我们正在吞下太多的甜食，平均每个美国人每天大约消耗20茶匙的添加糖。这里指的是被添加的糖，所以用ed结尾的形容词修饰名词。added“添加的”为形容词修饰名词sugar。故填 added。【25题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：但是你不需要为了健康的饮食而停止吃糖。need to do sth“需要做某事”为固定短语。故填 to quit .【26题详解】考查关系代词。句意：大脑将节食和对事物的限制解读为饥饿，这会导致脂肪的储存。分析句子可知，本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前面的整个句子，作后面定语从句的主语。故填which .【27题详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态/现在完成时的被动语态。句意：此外，无糖饮食令人困惑，并强加了一套没有科学依据的规则。分析句子可知， a set of rules 为先行词，在后面的定语从句中作主语。且与谓语make为被动。分析句意可知，本句为一般现在时/现在完成时。故填are made/have been made。【28题详解】考查从属连词。句意：这可能是因为他们担心自己的体重，或者担心某些营养物质会对健康产生影响。分析句子可知，本句为表语从句。分析句意可知，空处缺少表示原因的连接词，所以空处填because。故填 because。【29题详解】考查连接代词。句意：通过一系列的实验，研究人员确定的是，你可以吃大量的绿色食品，享受全谷物和豆类食物。分析句子可知，本句为主语从句，about为介词，缺少宾语，所以用what作about的宾语。故填what 。【30题详解】考查副词比较级。句意：大多数人可以偶尔吃一点糖，但你不必为了健康而戒掉它。由“a little less sugar”可知，大多数人可以少吃一点糖，但不要经常吃糖。所以用often比较级的否定形式，less often。故填less often。【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)。(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)；(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。分析小题6的句子可知，本句为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前面的整个句子，作后面定语从句的主语。故填which .Section B (10分)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.The United Nations series of “language days” are designed to promote the use of the six official languages of the UN as well as to celebrate cultural and linguistic diversity (语言多样性). Chinese Language Day is the 20th April. Its a time chosen to fit in with the Chinese_31_ of Guyu (古语), which honours Cangjiethe four-eyed _32_ figure who is traditionally understood to have created Chinese characters in the time of the Yellow Emperor, 5000 years ago.Mandarin (普通话) is the most-spoken language in the world, with over 1.5 billion speakers. When most people think of “Chinese”, it is Mandarin that they are _33_. But Mandarin Chinese is far from the only variant of the Chinese languageor the only language spoken in China. In fact, there are a great number of Chinese languages. Rememberthis is a country which is both very large and very, very old. Different regions are within the _34_ expanse of territory, that is, China can be _35_ not only by great distances but also by broadly geographical features such as mountain ranges.It is hard to guess how many dialects actually exist. In general, dialects can be _36_ classified into one of the seven large groups: Putonghua (Mandarin), Gan, Kejia (Hakka), Min, Wu, Xiang, and Yue (Cantonese).