高中英语 Unit 3《Back to the past-Welcome to the unit》学案2 牛津译林版必修3

Unit 3 Back to the past1 CivilizationIt is generally accepted that the Chinese civilization is one of the oldest in the world.普遍认为中国文化是世界最古老的文化之一Chinese civilization European civilization world civilization.2 lecture(1)n.演讲，讲课give/deliver a lecture to sb. on sth.关于某事进行演讲have a lecture 听演讲 go to a lecture去听演讲The famous professor delivered a lecture on how to protect the environment.(2)v.作演讲，讲课Mr.Smith is lecturing on Russian literature3 take over接管In 89BC，the Romans took over Pompeii.Our chairman has left, so Peter will take over his job from him.我们的主席走了,彼特将接任他的工作.take sb. in欺骗 take sth. in 理解etake on 呈现 take off 起飞, 脱下 take up占据 ,着手处理 take charge take away 拿走 take out 拿出take place takefor. 把误认为When did you take up Japanese as a second foreign language.你什么时间开始选修日语作为第二日语的?.3unfortunately 位于句首， 作状语，用来修饰整个句子。Luckily, frankly, obviously, exactly, honestly, generally, certainly, fortunatelyUnfortunately, all the people were buried alive after the vocalno erupted.不幸的是,火山爆发后所有的人都被活埋了.4bury (vt)埋葬,安葬,埋 burial n 埋葬He was buried in his hometown.他被埋葬在他的故乡The house was buried under snow.房子被埋在雪下.be buried in =bury oneself in 埋头于，专心于Jean always buried himself in his work.简总是埋头工作。Bury oneself in the country.隐居She buried her face in her hands andcried.她双手掩面哭了起来。1）_ (bury) himself in novel, he didnt notice me coming in.2) _ (bury) in novel, he didnt notice me coming in.5. destroy指彻底毁灭或破坏,以至于不能修复,有时可用于比喻义The terrible earthquake destroyed the whole city.They have destroyed all the evidence.destroy ones hopes, career, reputation毁掉某人的希望，事业，名誉 destruction 毁灭，破坏DamageUn 损害,损失 do damage to 对造成损坏The storm did a lot of damage to the crops.这场暴风雨给庄稼带来了巨大的损失.Damages赔偿金She got a lot of damages from the insurance after het husband died.她丈夫死后她从保险公司得到了很多赔偿金.V 指车辆.房屋.庄稼等事物的受伤或毁坏,但往往可以修复A large number of buildings were damaged in the earthquake.Smoking has seriously damaged hid health.对： The destroyed car can be sold as waste iron错：The damaged car can be sold as waste iron .RuinUn 毁坏,破坏. Ruins废墟,遗迹An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.地震使整个小镇处在废墟中.fall into ruins 变成废墟 （be ）in ruins成为废墟the ruins of Rome古罗马遗迹bring sb to ruin毁灭come/go to ruin毁灭,崩溃v毁灭,毁坏,弄坏,糟蹋,破坏方式不一定很粗暴,也可指对健康,事业的毁坏the sudden storm ruined the crops. 暴风雨把庄稼毁了。What he did and said ruined the party last night.The grand city are now lying in ruins.Damage destroy ruinAll houses were _in the floodHis house was completely_.so the farmer decided to build a new one.He has _his health through drinking.The building is in_7. remain(1)vi.停留，留下，剩下A few flowers still remained on the tree.Much remained to be settled.(2) v. 依旧，仍然是（后面可接形容词，名词，分词和介词短语）The man remained modest and polite after he was elected minister.Mr.Smith became an engineer but his brother remained a worker.We will remain in contact with them.She remained crying after I comforted her.(3)remaining adj. 剩下的，剩余的 remains n.遗迹，遗址，遗体1.Why dont you put the meat in the fridge? It will _ fresh for several days.A. be stayed B. stay C.be staying D. have stayed2.Although he has taken a lot of medicine,his health_Poor. A. proves B. remains C. lasts D.continues8. paintv.在某物上涂颜料或油漆paint a house blue画画描绘The girl is good at painting landscapes. I want to have the table _painted yellow_(漆成黄色)Why not paint the door in different colors（把门漆成不同的颜色)EnormousAn enormous house/amount of time/money/information巨大的房子/大量的时间/钱/信息The problems facing the president is enormous.总统面临的问题是巨大的.9.heat heated激烈的 heatedly 激烈地(1).高温，热This fire doesnt give out much heat.(名词)(2) If _heated_ (加热 ),water can turn into steam.(动词)10. drive迫使某人行动或进入某一状态drive sb. mad/out of sbs mind将某人逼疯/使某人丧失理智Drive sb to work hard 迫使某人拼命干活Drive sb into a corner逼得某人走投无路The loud noise of the pe ople in the street almost drove me mad.街上人们的喧闹声几乎使我发疯.He was driven by hunger to steal.他因饥饿而被迫偷窃.=Hunger drove him to steal.(2) 趋赶The farmer is driving many sheep to market.那位农民正把羊赶到市场去The Chinese people drove their enemies out of their country.中国人民把敌人从自己的国土上赶了出去.(3) n.乘车之行 an hours drive一个小时的开车路程.lets go out for a drive.我们出去开车兜兜风吧(c )The horrible noise from the mans room simply_ me mad.A. put B. caused C. drove D. turned11. condition (表示人或事物自身的“状况”时，多作不可数 名词）(1)处境，状况，现状，健康状况sth. be in good, poor, excellent condition处于好的，坏的，极佳的状况sb. be in excellent condition身体极好sb. be out of condition身体欠佳The ship is in no condition to make a long journey. 此船的现状不适宜远航。He is in excellent condition for a man of his age.就其年龄而言，它身体极好。(2)条件(可数)Ability is one of the conditions of success。Their working conditions must be improved.(3)环境，情况（常用复数）（指人们所处的生活，工作。气候等境况时，是可数名词，且多用复数）under existing conditions在现有的情况下housing/living conditions住房条件词组in good condition状态良好，身体健康，完好无损 out of condition 身体不适 in no condition to do不适宜做某事on condition that 条件是，只要 on no condition决不You can go swimming on condition that you dont go too far from the riverside.你可以去游泳,只要不要离河岸太远.You must on no condition tell him what happened.你决不能把发生的事情告诉他1.He is out of _condition_.2.What are your housing conditions_ like?3.I can allow you to play football on one _condition_,you must finish your homework first.12. uncover vt揭露.发现,揭开uncover the pan 揭开锅盖Police have uncovered a plot to steal the money of the bank.警察已揭露一起偷钱阴谋.He uncovered the scandal.他揭露那件丑闻。discover vt.发现，发觉Who discovered the new continent?13. feed1.给人或动物食物，喂养，饲养feed sb./sth.on sth. feed sth.to sb./sth.What do you feed your dog on?She fed some more milk to the baby.以 -为主食Cows feed on grass .提供原料feed A with B= feed B into AThe moving belt feeds the machine with raw material/feeds raw material into the machine.传诵带向机器输送原料/把原料输入机器中sb. be fed up with对厌烦，不高兴 相当于 be tired ofwe are fed up with his long boring speech.用feed with, feed on, live on, feed into的适当形式填空1). Dont _ the baby _ spoon.2). The woman usually _ the baby _ milk.3). Every day he _ the computer _ a lot of information.4). Every day he _ a lot of information _ the computer.5). People in Jiangsu _ mainly _ rice.Solution(C) 解决办法 a solution to sthThere is no simple solution to this question.这个问题没有简单的解决方法.solve a problemFaithful忠实的,13Be faithful to sth/sb对忠诚的He remained faithful to the ideal of the party until his death.他对党的信念至死忠贞不俞I have been a faithful reader of your newspaper for many years.多年来我一直是贵报的忠实读者.a faithful servant/friend/dog14concerned 担心的,关心的,有关的Concerned parents held a meeting忧心忡忡的家长们开了一次会.All members concerned are present at the meeting所有相关的成员都出席了会议.They are very much concerned about the future of their country.他们非常关心国家的前途.Be concerned about 关心Be concerned with与有关,涉及this book is concerned with the relationship between two nations这本书涉及两国之间的关系.Concern(vt)涉及,影响,让担忧. 关心What happens there directly concerns us 那儿发生的一切和我们有直接关系.She is always concernng herself about what other people say.她经常关心别人对她的评价.Concern 担心,关心,关心的事I feel no concern about the matter.我不担心这件事She shrowed a great deal of concern for her sons illness.她非常担心她儿子的病情14. carry out 完成,实现,贯彻,执行carry out ones promise/duty履行诺言/职责carry out an experiment on(a dog) 做实验, 对做实验carry off夺走 carry on继续进行they carried on in spite of difficult conditions.用carry词组的适当形式填空1) He _ two gold medals in the Olympic games.2) Once you make a promise, you must _ it _.3) The top soil was _ in the flood.4) _ with the reform till we succeed.(carried off, carry out, carried away, Carry on)BombIn 1941,Pearl Harbor was heavily bombed by the Japanese.珍珠港被日本人严重地轰炸了.C A bomb exploded/went off a bomb attack炸弹攻击15.on board在船上（飞机上或飞机上，上船（飞机或火车）As soon as Im on board, I feel sick.我一上船,就感到恶心.There are 500 passengers on board the plane在飞机上有5000名乘客.The moment we went/got on board the train, it started.我们一上火车,车就离开了.16. sink 下沉,使下沉sank sunkWood does not sink in water.They sank the ship by making a hole in the bottom他们在船底挖了个洞使船下沉.be sunk in sth. 陷入不快或深思中she just sat there, sunk in thougt.Sink into渗入,渐渐进入(不快,消极)状态The rain sank into the dry ground.雨水渗入干旱的土地中.She sank into a deep sleep/low mood 她渐渐睡着/陷入消极的情绪.Sunken ship 沉船Declare sth/doing/that 无declare todoThe US president declared war against/on Japan.美国总统宣布了对日本的战争.Declare sth (tobe)sth/adj.I declare this bridge open我宣布这座大桥正式开通.This area has been declared (to be) a national park这地区被宣布为国家公园.17. in memory of 纪念In memory of the Americans who died in the attack, a national memorial was built in Pearl Harbor类似表达有in search of 寻找- in honor of 为表达敬意 in the hope of抱着-的希望 in praise of赞扬-18.influence v.影响, 改变The weather in summer influences the rice crops.夏天的天气影响稻谷的收成.Un.影响,感化,势力,有影响的人或事(|C)have influence on=have an effect/impact on对有影响The book had/gave/exerted a great influence on his life.着本书对他的人生有很大的影响a man of influence有权势的人under the influence of 受的影响, 由于的作用over19trade(1)n. Since joining the WTO, Chinas trade with Europe has greatly increased.(2)v. trade with与做交易 trade in oil/fur经营