英国文化复习题

英国文化复习题1) 请大家结合所发材料及上课内容把这些习题所在的知识点掌握；不要去死记硬背， 尤其不要把答案带到考场，被抓到舞弊，后果自己负责；2) 简答题希望同学们自己去看材料并做出总结，不要背别人写好的，如果两位同学考试时答案完全一致，都不能得到该题分数。写得不好无所谓，我最看重的是大家良好的学习态度；3) 古希腊一章主要涉及的是哲学和戏剧这部分，这里我没有给复习题，希望大家自己再去看看所发材料；4) 基督教这章我们不做要求；5) 希望大家结合复习题，再认真阅读本学期英国文化所学知识，毕竟我们学习不是完全为了考试；I. Decide whether the following statements are true or false:1. Britain is no longer an imperial country. T 2. The Commonwealth of Nations include all European countries. F 3. 1 in 10 of the British population are of non-European ethnicity. F 4. The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied the majority of the British people. T 5. Great Britain includes 3 constituent countries: England, Scotland, and Wales. F 6. Northern Ireland is part of Great Britain. F 7. When people outside UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes. T 8. The Scots and Welsh have a strong sense of being British. F 9. Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. T 10. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called Gaelic. F 11. Scotland was unified with England through peaceful means. T 12. Wales is rich in coal deposits. T 13. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. F 14. The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according to tradition. F 15. Ireland is part of Great Britain. F 16. Ulster, referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish kingdom. T 17. The capital of Belfast is a large city with half a million people. F 18. Northern Ireland is significant because of its manufacturing industry. F 19. The majority of Irish people were descendants of the original Celtic people who inhabited the British Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago. T 20. Most British people are Protestants while most Irish people are Catholics. T 21. The British government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland. F 22. Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland. T23. It is no doubt that Britain is the oldest representative democracy in the world. F 24. In Britain, the process of state-building has been one of evolution rather than revolution, in contrast to France and the U.S. T 25. The oldest institution of government according to the text is the Monarchy. T 26. The divine right of kings means the sovereign derived his authority from his subjects. F 27. While the King in theory had God on his side, it was thought that he should exercise absolute power. F 28. The term parliament was first officially used in 1066 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns. F 29. Britain is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. T 30. Britain, like Israel, has a written constitutions of the sort which most countries have. F 31. Common laws are laws which have been established through common practice in the courts. T 32. In the U.K., a government cannot stand for longer than five years except in exceptional circumstances. T 33. The parliament can call an election sooner than five years. F 34. Anyone who is eligible to vote with 500 pounds as deposit can stand as an MP. T 35. Each main party is given some time on national TV to sell their policies. The time is not given free and has to be paid by the party. F 36. The amount spent in national campaign is not limited other than that on TV. T 37. The campaigns are not simply about telling people how good your policies are, but also about telling them how bad your opponents are. T 38. Secrecy is not an important part of the voting process. F 39. The counting of votes run over a period of a few days. F 40. There are two major national parties in the U.K. according to the text. F 41. Liberal Democratic Party is the newest of the major national parties. F 42. By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world. T 43. Both the U.S. and Canada overtook Britain in economy by 1900. F 44. In World War II, Britain had gone heavily into debt in order to develop its manufacturing industry and borrowed large amounts from the U.S. and France. F 45. Another reason for British decline is the loss of its colonies, especially India, which gained its independence in 1947. T 46. In the 1970s, with the souring price of oil and high rates of inflation, Britain went through a bad period. In 1979, the Labour Party had to step down from the government. T 47. The leader of the Conservatives, Margaret Thatcher started a series of reforms. An extensive programme of privatization was carried out but she did not succeed in saving the British economy. F 48. Tertiary industries include banking, insurance, tourism, agriculture and the selling of goods. F 49. Britain has a large sector of agriculture producing 11.6% of its national wealth. F 50. According to the text, the tertiary industry produces approximately 2/3 of the national wealth. T 51. The service industry in the U.K. employs 70% of the total work force. T 52. The purpose of British education is not only to provide children with literacy and other basic skills but also to socialize children. T 53. The state seldom interferes with the decision of when, where, how and what children are taught. F 54. The enduring feature of British education is the continuing debate over what should be taught in school and universities. F 55. The 1944 Education Act made entry to secondary schools and universities meritocratic. T 56. The public schools are part of the national education system and funded by the government. F 57. British universities are public bodies which receive funds from central government. T 58. In Oxford and Cambridge the BA converts to an MA several years later, upon payment of a fee. T II. Choose the correct answer to each of the following.1._ is not considered a characteristic of London.(a) The cultural centre(b) The business centre(c) The financial centre(d) The sports centre2. _ is not true about the characteristics of Britain. (a) Economic differences between north and south (b) Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales (c) Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker (d) Cultural differences between immigrants and the British 3. _ can not be found in London.(a) Teahouses(b) Galleries(c) Museums(d) Theatres 4. Which of the following is not true about Britain?(a) It used to be an imperial country in the world.(b) It plays an active role as a member of European Union.(c) It is a relatively wealthy and developed country.(d) It used to be one of the superpowers in the world.5. Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the exception? (a) London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country. (b) London has a larger population than all other cities in England. (c) London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world. (d) London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country. 6. The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built by_. (a) King Harold(b) Robin Hood(c) Oliver Cromwell(d) William the Conqueror7._ were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England.(a) The Anglo-Saxons(b) The Normans(c) The Vikings(d) The Romans8. _ is the largest city in Scotland.(a) Cardiff(b) Edinburgh(c) Glasgow(d) Manchester9. Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the ninth century? (a) They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.(b) They felt it necessary to develop their own industry.(c) They were threatened by the Anglo-Saxons invasion.(d) They had to do it in order to resist the English.10. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?(a) In the Highlands.(b) In the Lowlands.(c) In the Uplands.(d) In the west of Scotland.11. Which of the following statements is not true?(a) Wales was invaded by the Romans.(b) Wales was occupied by the Anglo-Saxons.(c) Wales was conquered by the Normans.(d) Wales was threatened by the English.12. Which of the following parties in Scotland still wants an independent Scotland? (a) The Labour Party.(b) The Liberal Party.(c) The Scottish Nationalist Party.(d) The Conservative Party.13. Scotland joined the Union by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments _. (a) In 1715(b) In 1688(c) In 1745(d) In 170714. Llywelgn ap Gruffudd is more than a simple historical figure for the Welsh. He is almost considered the legendary hero of Welsh nationalism because_. (a) he became the first Prince of Wales in 1267(b) he brought the English under his control(c) he led a historic uprising against the English(d) he unified Wales as an independent nation15. In the seventeenth century, the English government encouraged people from Scotland and Northern England to emigrate to the north of Ireland, because_. (a) they wanted to increase its control over Ireland (b) they had too many people and didnt have enough space for them to live in (c) they intended to expand their investment (d) they believed that Ireland was the best place for them 16. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street. They came first_. (a) to maintain traffic order in Northern Ireland (b) to protect the Catholic people (c) to protect the Protestant people (d) to replace the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social order 17. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for_. (a) its most famous landmark, the Giants Causeway(b) its rich cultural life(c) its low living standards(d) its endless political problems18. Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and organised a partition of Ireland, because_. (a) the British government wouldnt be able to control Ireland any longer by force (b) the British government intended to satisfy both sidesCatholics as well as Protestants (c) Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland (d) Protestants welcomed the idea of partition 19. Which of the following statements is not true? (a) Sinn Fein is the legal political Party in Northern Ireland. (b) Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists. (c) Social Democratic and Labour Party is a very important political Party in Britain. (d) Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists. 20. In the early 1970s, the IRA_. (a) killed many Protestants and Catholics (b) burned down the houses of Catholics (c) murdered individuals at random (d) carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target 21. 1972 was the worst year of the political troubles in Northern Ireland, because_. (a) 13 Catholics were shot dead by the police (b) 468 people were killed in Northern Ireland (c) the government carried out a policy known as internment (d) Bloody killing of 468 people fortified Catholic opposition to the British presence in Northern Ireland 22. Why did the British government decide to replace the Power-Sharing policy with direct-rule from London? (a) The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants. (b) The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province effectively. (c) The Power-Sharing policy couldnt be carried out. (d) All the above. 23. Which of the following statements is not true? (a) In 1981, some convicted IRA prisoners went on a hunger-strike. (b) They demanded for the status of being political prisoners by starving themselves. (c) Margaret Thatchers government gave in to their political demand. (d) The death of prisoners revitalized the political movement of Sinn Fein. 24. How many counties do you know there are in Northern Ireland?(a) 26.(b) 6.(c) 32.(d) 20.25. Which of the following is not characteristic of British government?(a) It offers the Queen high political status and supreme power.(b) It is both a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy.(c) It is the oldest representative democracy in the world.(d) It has no written form of Constitution.26. Which of the following king was executed in the civil war?(a) James I.(b) James II.(c) Charles I.(d) Charles II.27. What happened in 1215?(a) It was the year of Norman Conquest in British history.(b) Forced by barons, King John signed the Magna Carta.(c) Henry IV granted the Commons the power to review money grants.(d) King Egbert united England under his rule.28. Which of the following is not true about the Great Council?(a) They included barons and representatives from counties and towns.(b) They were sometimes summoned by the kings to contribute money.(c) They later developed into what we now know as the Cabinet.(d) They represented the aristocrats as well as the communities.29. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?(a) James II.(b) William of Orange.(c) Oliver Cromwell.(d) George I.30. Which of the following is not true about the Constitution? (a) It is a document which lists out the basic principles for government. (b) It is the foundation of British governance today. (c) Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution. (d) The common laws are part of the Constitution. 31. Which of the following about the Parliament is not true?(a) There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.(b) Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.(c) Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.(d) Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.32. Which of the following about the Queen is not true?(a) The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.(b) The Queen symbolises the tradition and unity of the British state.(c) The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.(d) The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.33. Which of the following about the House of Lords is not true?(a) Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.(b) It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.(c) The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.(d) Most of the lords in the House of Lords are males.34. Which of the following about the House of Commons is not true?(a) Members of Parliament elect the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.(b) MPs receive salaries and some other allowances.(c) MPs are expected to represent the interests of the public.(d) Most MPs belong to the major political parties.35. Which group of people can not vote in the general election?(a) Members in the House of Commons.(b) Lords in the House of Lords.(c) The UK citizens above the age of 18.(d) The UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic.36. By whom is a vote of no confidence decided?(a) The House of Commons.(b) The House of Lords.(c) The two major parties.(d) The Prime Minister.37. Which of the following is not true about the electoral campaigns? (a) Big parties can buy time to broadcast their policies on the television. (b) There is a limit on the amount of money candidates can spend in their constituency campaign. (c) Candidates and their supporters go door-to-door persuading voters to vote for them. (d) Candidates criticize each others policies to show how good their own policies are. 38. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election? (a) 651.(b) 326.(c) 626.(d) 351.39. Which of the following party adopts a fatherly sense of obligation to the poorer people in the society? (a) The Conservative party.(b) The Liberal Democrats.(c) The Party of Wales.(d) The Labour party.40. Which of the following description about the Conservative party is not true?(a) It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.(b) It prefers policies that protect individuals rights.(c) It receives a lot of the funding from big companies.(d) It is known as a party of high taxation levels.41. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979? (a) The Conservative government.(b) The Liberal government.(c) The Labour government.(d) The radical government. 42. Which period of time in British history was described as private affluence and public squalor? (a) The 1940s. (b) The 1970s.(c) The 1980s.(d) The 1990s.43. Which of the following about the poll tax is not true?(a) It was introduced by the Conservative government.(b) It was introduced by the Labour government.(c) It was an attempt to change local government taxes.(d) It was criticized by many citizens.44. Who is the leader of the Labour party at present?(a) John Major.(b) Tony Blair.(c) Harold Wilson.(d) Margaret Thatcher.45. Which of the following statements about the UK economy is not true? (a) Britain remains one of the Group of Seven large industrial economies. (b) Britain has experienced a relative economic decline since 1945. (c) There has been a period of steady decreasing of living standards. (d) Some smaller economies have overtaken the UK in terms of output per capita. Answer: 46. Which of the following was not the reason for the relative economic decline since 1945? (a) Britain did not invest in modern equipment and ne