高考冠词讲义终极版

英语讲义之语法篇冠词partI. 不定冠词的用法1指一类人或事，相当于a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。3表示“每一”相当于every，oneWe study eight hours a day.4表示“相同”相当于the sameWe are nearly of an age.5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here.A. 不填 B. a C. the D. oneThat boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋）6用于固定词组中a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后This room is rather a big one.8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.9用于抽象名词具体化的名词前success(抽象名词)a success(具体化 成功的人或事a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需的事a good knowledge of 精通掌握某方面的知识II. 定冠词的用法口诀：沙漠河流与群山，列岛海峡与海湾。阶级党派国家名，组织团体和机关。 方位朝代独一词，会议文件和报刊。木器建筑海洋群，定冠词可不能删。1表示某一类人或物In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular means of transportation.A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the 2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean3说话双方都了解或上文提到的人或事Would you mind opening the door? 4用于演奏乐器play the violin, play the guitar5用于形容词和分词前表示一类人the reach, the living, the wounded6表示“一家人”或“夫妇”（对比上文的不定冠词用法5）Could you tell me the way to _ Johnsons？Sorry, we dont have _ Johnson here in the village. A. the; the B. the; a C. /; the D. the; /7序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前He is the taller of the two children.8用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French9用于表示发明物的单数名词前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代in the 1990s(二十世纪九十年代)In ones twenties 在某人二十多岁时。11用于表示度量单位的名词前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名词，身体部位名词He patted me on the shoulder.III. 不用冠词的用法1专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前Beijing University, Jack, China, love, air2名词前有this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this?3季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前March, Sunday, National Day, spring4表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前Lincoln was made President of America.5表示球类，棋类等运动的名词前He likes playing football/chess.6与by连用表示交通方式的名词前We went right round to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across _ continent. A. the; the B.不填；theC. the; 不填D. 不填；不填7以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night8 表示泛指的复数名词前Horses are useful animals.使用不定冠词的常见特殊情况a great deal of / a number of / have a cold (rest ,break , look ,fever ,stomachache ) / all of a sudden / In a flash / after a while / have a word with sb. / in a short while / once in a while / once upon a time / as a result of / get in a word / go for a walk / have a walk / in a hurry / in a rush / as a matter of fact / do a good deed / have a good (hard) time / keep a diary / make a living / at a distance / tell a lie / at a speed of使用定冠词的情况all over the world (country) / on the other hand / in the middle of / the day after tomorrow / the other day / take the place of / at the same time / at the moment / at the end of / at the beginning of / in the beginning / in the morning (afternoon, evening) / on the other side of / on the contrary / by the end of / at the end of / in the end / in the form of / in the habit of / on the radio / on the phone / on the air / at the back of / at the corner of / in the least / the next morning / in the distance / in the way不使用冠词的情况1. by +交通工具=in/on .交通工具 By car / in the car , by bike / on the bike , by hand / with ones hand, by law =according to the lawby motor / by land / by road / by telephone / by telegram2.in + 语言 、颜料、材料 in English / Chinese / red / pencil / with a pencil3. A: sth. After sth. 一个接一个的。， 一个又一个的 day after day / year after year / battle after battle /experiment after emperiment B: 语义相对的两个词在一块使用的时候往往不用冠词 A and A day and night /hand nad foot / heart and soul / husband and wife / right and wrong / father and son / body and soulC:from . To. 从.到. from time to time / from east to west / from morning till night / from beginning to endD: sooner or later E: little by little / year by year / one by one / step by step / side by side/by and byF: shoulder to shoulder / face to face / heart to heartH: arm in arm / hand in hand4. 系动词turn+身份，此时turn 后名词不加冠词=become a/an.She was a medical student before she turned policewoman. he turned manager of a big company. /=he became a manager of 5.though/although Sb. is a/an 名词=可以变成倒装句 名词 as sb. is, .Boy as he is, he can speak Japanese, French and German. Young girl as / though she is, she knows a lot about how to learn English well. Although he is a boy, he can speak Japanese, French and German.6.this book / that box / your purse / his first lesson / no money7.be of use / importance / help / value / interest / quality / service / benefit / necessity8. 在一些固定短语中A: take pride in / take care of / take part in / word came that / putinto practice shake hands with / sentenceto death / pass judgement on / have mercy on show mercy to / stand at attention / pay attention to / make progress / make use of come into use / come into action / make room for / come into being / take medicineB: in silence / in common / in sight / in public / in doubt / in debt / at most in case / in place of /in groups/ in use / in other words / in trouble / in surprise / starve to death 四、有无冠词意义不同的情况无冠词有冠词词例词义词例词义by day在白天by the day按天计算in case of以防in the case of就。来说in charge of负责、掌管in the charge of由。负责、掌管in prison坐牢in the prison在监狱里in bed卧床in the bed在床上in class在上课in the class在这个班里in office执政in the office在办公室里in future（从今后）全部将来in the future将来某时in sight (of)看见in the sight (of)在。看来in secret 秘密、私下in the secret参与秘密at table在吃饭at the table坐在桌旁go to sea当水手go to the sea到海边去go to school上学go to the school到学校去go to church做礼拜go to the church去教堂go to prison入狱go to the prison去监狱live on farm务农live on the farm住在农场leave school辍学leave the school离校on board坐车（船）on the board当演员on earth究竟、到底、在地面上on the earth在地球上out of question毫无疑问out of the question不可能in possession拥有in the possession为。所有in open公开in the open在户外on watch值班on the watch留神be of age成年be of the age同龄take advice征求意见take the advice听从劝告take part in参加take the part in扮。角色take place发生、举行take the place代替/取代。three of us我们中的三人the three of us就我们三个人冠词用法很重要，次次考试少不了；分清具体与抽象，看看特指或泛指；重视习惯和搭配，胸有成竹笑高考5、 冠词的位置：1.what , such, many + a / an + 形容词 + 名词。 What a beautiful picture you have! Many a man has been there.2.how , so , as , too , however + 形容词 + a / an + 名词。It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. I have never seen so kind a man.3. all , both , double , half , twice +the +名词 All the passengers agreed to leave the train for a while.4.rather 可位于冠词前或后。 a rather cold day = rather a cold day1The Smiths dont usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea.A/; aBthe; theC/; theDthe; a2. The development of industry has been_ gradual process throughout _ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology. A. 不填, the B. the; aC. a; 不填D. a; a3. Carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day.A. / ； a B. / ；the C. the ; a D. the ; the 4.Sam has been appointed _ manager of the engineering department to take _ place of George. A. /,/ B. the,/ C the the D./, the5.I woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone. A. the; the B. the; an C. a; the D. a; an6. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A.不填；a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; a7. Being able to afford _ drink would be _ comfort in those tough times. A. the; the B. a; a C. a; 不填 D. 不填；a 8.If we sit near _ front of the bus, we will have _ better view. A. 不填；the B. a不填C. the, aD. the, the 9.First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get _ second chance to make _ first impression. A. a, theB. the, theC. a. aD. the, a 10.The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that _ people from all walks of life are working hard for _ new Jiangsu. A. 不填，aB.不填，theC. the, aD. the the.11.Its _ good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them _ pleasure. A.不填， aB. a ,不填C. the, a. D. a. the .12.Many lifestyle patterns do such _ great harm to health that they actually speed up _ weakening of the human body. A. a, /B. /, theC. a, the D./ / 13.There are over 58,000 rocky objects in _ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto _ earth. A. the , the B. 不填，theC. the, 不填 D. a, the 14.In _ most countries, a university degree can give you _ flying start in life. A. the, aB. the , 不填C. 不填，不填 D. 不填， a.15.Everything comes with _ price, there is no such _ thing as a free lunch in the world. A. a, aB. the. / C . the, a D. a . /16.全国1.It is generally accepted that _ boy must learn t