新核心大学英语读写教程2-unit6VIP

Unit6Skyscrapers,LearningObjectives,Inthisunit,youwill:1.learnaboutthebasicaspectsofaskyscraperandworld-famoussuper-tallbuildings;2.familiarizeyourselfwiththewords,expressions,andsentencepatternsrelatedtothethemeoftheunit;3.usethesewords,expressions,andsentencepatternscorrectly;4.researchskyscrapers;5.giveanoralpresentationtotheclassaboutskyscrapers;6.varysentenceopeningsinyourwriting.,PartIApproachingtheTopic,PartIIUnderstandingtheText,PartIIIExploringtheTopic,PartIVIntegratedExercises,PartVWritingStrategy,PartIApproachingtheTopic,Task1Brainstorming,Task2SurfingandReporting,Task3WatchingandRetelling,Task4VocabularyPreview,1.Nameasmanyworld-famoustallbuildingsaspossible.2.Makealistofnolessthan10wordstodescribethoseskyscrapers.,Task1Brainstorming,Unit6PartITask1,1.WorkingroupsandfindinformationontheInternetaboutthefollowingterms.,Task2SurfingandReporting,Unit6PartITask2,Answersforreference:,Unit6PartITask2,2.FillinthespacesbelowaccordingtoyourInternetresearch.Presentthisinformationtotheclass,optionallyusingPowerPoint.,Unit6PartITask2,1931,NewYork,USA,381m(443.5mwithantenna),MovieKingKong,1973-2001,NewYork,411.5m,FreedomTowerwillbebuiltonthesite,Unit6PartITask2,1998,KualaLumpur,Malaysia,452m,thetallesttwinbuildingsintheworld,1930,NewYork,305m,1973,Chicago,Illinois,USA,442/1,450ft,CurrentName:WillisTower,Unit6PartITask2,2004,Taibei,Taiwan,101floors,508m,performedbySkidmore,Owings,andMerrill,2010,Dubai,UnitedArabEmirates,828m(2,717ft),Task3WatchingandRetelling,1.Watchthevideoclip“BuildingtheUltimateSkyscraper”.Fillintheblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.Usetheglossarybelowasareference.,Unit6PartITask3,Unit6PartITask3,Unit6PartITask3,Theskyscraperisagreatengineeringachievement.“Theyhavetodowithgravity;theyhavetodowithwind.”Theshiningtowersofsteelconcreteandglassattesttotheirlimit.“Theyhavetodowithearthquakes;andtheyhavetodowithfire.”Canwebuildthe1)skyscraper?Skyscrapers2)thesky.Mancanbuildeverhigherandhigher,testinghisingenuityagainstthe3).ThisistheSwissRayBuildinginLondon.Itsnearly600feethighandknownastheGherkinbecauseofits4).Itsaerodynamicdesignis5)ofskyscraperthinking.ThemodernskyscraperwasborninChicago.“Inorderto,ultimate,_,reachfor,_,forcesofnature,_,thecuttingedge,_,curiousshape,_,Unit6PartITask3,understandthedevelopmentoftheskyscraper,wereallyneedtogotoChicago,whereinthe1880ssomewhat6)occurredinthehistoryofskyscraper.”7).“Chicagowasdestroyedbyfirein1871,leveled.Infact,8).Andforacitytherewasanexplodingpopulationandverywealthywithaburgeoningcommerce,itwasimportantforthecitytorebuildasquicklyasitcould.”Sotheydecidedtobuildtall.9)ofreconstructionwastheHomeInsuranceBuilding.Itrose10storeyshigh,dizzilytallforthetime.10).Butsomethinktheevolutionofskyscrapersstructurehasitsbeginningslongbefore.,Thejewelofthecrown,_,themostsignificantdevelopments,_,thecentralpartofthecitywasgone,_,Theevolutioncameoutofdisaster,_,Theeraofskyscrapershadbegun,_,Unit6PartITask3,【Script】,2.Watchthevideoagainandthendiscussthemainideawiththegroup.,Script,Unit6PartITask3,Task4VocabularyPreview,Readthewordsandphrasesbelow,payingattentiontothepronunciation.Usethescalebelowtogiveyourselfascoreforeachword.Afterfinishingthestudyoftheunit,scoreyourselfagaintocheckyourimprovement.,Unit6PartITask4,Unit6PartITask4,GlossaryforMainReading,Unit6PartITask4,Unit6PartITask4,Unit6PartITask4,GlossaryforRelatedReading,Unit6PartITask4,Unit6PartITask4,Unit6PartITask4,PartIIUnderstandingtheText,MainReading,RelatedReading,PartIIUnderstandingtheText,MainReading,Text-relatedInformation,TextAnalysis,LanguagePoints,TranslationoftheTexts,Tasks,Unit6PartIIMainReading,1.TheWorldTradeCenter,Text-relatedInformation,Unit6PartIIMainReading,2.ChryslerBuilding,TextAnalysis,Unit6PartIIMainReading,Unit6PartIIMainReading,LanguagePoints,Unit6PartIIMainReading,1.humble(L2)v.tomakepeoplefeelthattheyarenotasgoodorimportantastheythoughttheywere,e.g.,Hewashumbledbyhergenerosity.,a.showingyoudonotthinkthatyouareasimportantasotherpeople,e.g.,Behumbleenoughtolearnfromyourmistakes.,havingalowrankorsocialposition,e.g.,amanofhumbleorigins,Unit6PartIIMainReading,2.wageanongoingbattlewith(L11)wagev.toengagein(awar,abattle,etc.)wagesomething(against/onsomebody/something),e.g.,Therebelshavewagedaguerrillawarsince1995.Heallegedthatapresscampaignwasbeingwagedagainsthim.,Unit6PartIIMainReading,3.Thus,thefootprintofasuperskyscrapercouldeasilyconsumemultiplecityblocks.(L19),Paraphrase:,figurativeThebaseofasuperskyscrapercouldtakeupseveralcityblocks.,【译文】,这样，仅是一栋超级大楼的地基就要占据好几个街区。,Unit6PartIIMainReading,4.Gustsofwindcanbeparticularlydangerouswhentheycomespacedinintervalsthatapproachabuildingsnaturalperiod:theamountoftimethestructuretakestocompleteoneoscillationwhenitisswayingbackandforth.(L28),【译文】,如果阵风以接近建筑物自然周期（即建筑物前后摇摆时完成一次震荡周期）的时间间隔经过，那将是尤其危险的。,1)spacev.toorganizeorarrangewithspacesbetweenspaceout隔开；昏沉，迷乱spaceoutthelampposts30metersapart,e.g.,Iwassupposedtomeether,butIspacedoutandforgot.,2)intervaln.aspacebetweentwoobjects,points,orunits,e.g.,anintervaloftenfeetItsnowedatintervalsthisweek.Hevisitsmeatregularintervals.,Unit6PartIIMainReading,5.Thankstowind-tunneltestsandcomputersimulations,architectsandengineerscanfine-tuneabuildingsshape,surfaceandstructuralcharacteristicstoachieveoptimumdesignsforwithstandinghighwinds.(L33),Paraphrase:,Moderntechnologieslikewind-tunneltestsandcomputersimulationshelparchitectsandengineersmakesmalladjustmentsinabuildingsshape,surfaceandstructuralcharacteristicssothattheycanworkoutthebestdesigntowithstandstrongwinds.,【译文】,多亏了风洞试验和电脑模拟，建筑师和工程师们才能对建筑物的外形、表面和结构特点进行微调以便取得对抗强风的最佳设计。,Unit6PartIIMainReading,1)thankstobecauseof,e.g.,Thankstoyourtimelyhelp,weaccomplishedthetaskontime.,2)fine-tunetomakesmalladjustmentsforoptimalperformanceoreffectiveness,Unit6PartIIMainReading,6.Onwindydays,theso-calledmassdamper,locatedonafloornearthetopofthehigh-rise,movesinoppositiontothestructuresswaying,slidingonoiltohelpdampenoscillationsbyasmuchas50percent.(L40),Paraphrase:,Massdamperisplacedonthetopfloorofthetallbuilding;whenthereiswindandthebuildingbeginstosway,itwillmoveintheoppositedirectionandreduceoscillationsby50%.,【译文】,起风的时候，靠近大楼顶层安装的所谓大型减震器就会以与建筑物摇摆相反的方向移动，它们在润滑油上的滑动可以将大楼的摆动减少50%。,Unit6PartIIMainReading,1)dampern.adevicethateliminatesorprogressivelydiminishesvibrationsoroscillationsdampenv.toreduce,torestrain,e.g.,Thebadnewsdampenedourspirits.,2)inoppositiontosomebody/somethingdisagreeingstronglywithsomebody/something强烈反对（或抵制）,e.g.,Protestmarcheswereheldinoppositiontotheproposallaw.,contrastingtwopeopleorthingsthatareverydifferent对比，对照,e.g.,Leisureisoftendefinedinoppositiontowork.,Unit6PartIIMainReading,7.Thousandsoftheseviscoelasticdampershavebeeninsertedbetweencolumnsandbeams;whenthebuildingsways,frictionbetweentheplatesdampensthemotion.(L42),【译文】,数以千计这样的粘弹性减震器被置于立柱和横梁之间，当建筑物摇摆时，金属板之间的摩擦会让摆动幅度减小。,Unit6PartIIMainReading,8.incounterdirectionsto(L47)inoppositedirectionstocountera.contrary;opposingadv.actedcountertoonespromise,run/gocountertoonesinclination,v.tomoveoractinoppositionto;oppose,e.g.,Hecounteredmyproposalwithoneofhisown.,Paraphrase:,Unit6PartIIMainReading,9.Indeed,thecentury-oldhistoryofskyscrapersisrepletewithadvancementsinancillarytechnologies,suchasfluorescentlights,whichenabledtherelativelycoolilluminationofinterioroffices.(L63),Paraphrase:,Variousmodernassistingtechnologiesareputintousetogetthecentury-oldhistoryskyscrapersmoreconvenient,suchasfluorescentlightsthatmakepossiblecoolilluminationintheoffices.,【译文】,实际上，有着一百多年历史的摩天大楼里到处都是各种现代化辅助科技，比如使办公室里能有冷光照明的荧光灯。,1)berepletewithbefilledwithamindrepletewithknowledgeastreamrepletewithtrout,2)ancillarya.supporting,assisting,TranslationoftheTexts,ForMainReading,Unit6PartIIMainReading,Task1GuessingMeaningfromContext,Guessthemeaningofthefollowingwordsandphrasesfromcontext.Theletterintheparenthesesreferstotheparagraphinwhichthewordcanbefound.Choosewhichmeaningbestfitstheword.,Task,Unit6PartIIMainReading,a,d,_,_,c,_,b,_,e,_,Unit6PartIIMainReading,c,b,d,_,_,_,a,_,e,_,Unit6PartIIMainReading,a,e,c,d,_,_,_,_,b,_,Unit6PartIIMainReading,b,c,_,_,a,_,1.Answerthefollowingquestions.1)Topushskyscrapershigher,whichareaswillneedthegreatestinnovation?2)Whichforcesofnaturemostinfluencethedesignofahigh-rise?,Task2UnderstandingMainIdeasandImportantDetailsintheText,Task,Someoftheinnovationsincludespaceframes,aerodynamictuning,intelligentelevatorsandcomputerizeddampingsystems.,Gravity,naturaldisasterslikehurricanesandearthquakes,wind.,Unit6PartIIMainReading,_,_,3)Whatisthemostimportantfactorinthedesignofsupertallstructures?4)Howdoesthemassdamperworktolessenthebuildingsoscillations?5)Whichfactorslimitthemaximumaccelerationofelevators?,Thehumanearsslownesstoadapttochangingpressure,andpassengercomfort.,_,Wind.,Itisplacedonafloornearthetopofthehigh-rise,whenthebuildingsways,itmovesintheoppositedirectiontodampenoscillations.,Unit6PartIIMainReading,_,_,2.Reviewthetexttofindinformationaboutskyscrapers.Listthepointsinthetablebelow.,Unit6PartIIMainReading,naturalforces(hurricanesandearthquakes;wind),mixedoccupancy,enoughwidthofthebuildingsbase;dampingsystem,concreteandsteel,morecomplicateddesign,elevators(formansearandcomfort),appropriatespeed,double-deckercars,cablelessoperation,fuzzylogicandneuralnetwork,PartIIUnderstandingtheText,RelatedReading,LanguagePoints,Tasks,TranslationoftheTexts,LanguagePoints,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,1.accommodate(L4)v.toprovidesomebodywitharoomorplacetosleep,liveorsit,Thehotelcanaccommodateupto500guests.,e.g.,(formal)toconsidersomething,suchassomebodysopinionorafact,Ourproposaltriestoaccommodatethespecialneedsofminoritygroups.,e.g.,accommodateto/accommodateyourselftogetusedto/getyourselfusedtoaccommodatetothenewschedule,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,2.Theworldisinthemidstofahugewaveoftallbuildingconstruction,bothinnumberandinsize.(L6),Tallbuildingconstructionisheatednow,withlargernumberandlargersize.,Paraphrase:,【译文】,世界正处于高楼建设的大潮中，数量更多，体积更大。,inthemidstofamong,inthemiddleof,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,3.threshold(L8),onthethresholdofanewlifeHehasalowboredomthreshold.,e.g.,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,4.Amongthemostanticipatedisthe$1billionBurjDubai,amassivetowerbeingdevelopedbyEmaarPropertiesintheUnitedArabEmirates.(L11),【译文】,耗资10亿的迪拜塔是最令人期待的建筑之一，是由阿联酋伊玛尔房产公司开发的一栋巨型大厦。,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,5.toputitinperspective(L18),Thesuddengrowthofoureconomyshouldbeputin/intoperspective.,e.g.,intherightperspective正确地、客观地、全面地(观察事物)inthewrongperspective片面地、错误地(观察事物)fromtheperspectiveof从视点出发,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,6.peer(L25)n.apersonwhohasequalstandingwithanotherorothers,asinrank,class,orage,Childrenareeasilyinfluencedbytheirpeers.,e.g.,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,7.Incontrast,shesaysthatlargedevelopmentsinNewYorkandotherWesterncitiesthesedaysarelikelytoencounterpublicopposition.(L37),Onthecontrary,shesaysthatpeopledonotthatwelcometallbuildingconstructionnowinNewYorkandotherWesterncities.,Paraphrase:,【译文】,她说，与此相反，如今在纽约和其它西方城市，这样的大型建筑往往会遭到人们的抵制。,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,8.AndtightercreditintheUnitedStateshasdevelopersincreasinglylookingatemergingmarkets.(L40),Theyallwentaway,havingmestayingandwatchingthedoor.,e.g.,1)havesomebodydoing让某人一直做某事,3)havesomethingdone让某事被别人做,2)havesomebodydosomething让某人做某事,Dontyouhavehimcomewithyoutomorrow?,Ihavemayhaircuteverymonth.,e.g.,e.g.,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,9.serveas(L51)toactinaparticularcapacityserveasaclerktobeofserviceoruse;function,Letthisincidentserveasaremindertofuturegenerations.,e.g.,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,10.project(L57)v.tocalculate,estimate,orpredict(somethinginthefuture),basedonpresentdataortrendstoprojectnextyearsexpensesandincome.,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,11.IconsliketheEmpireStateBuildinginNewYorkandtheSearsTowerinChicago,whichhavelongbeenenshrinedamongthetallestbuildingsintheworld,arebumpedfromthelist.(L64),【译文】,一直被奉为世界高建筑之最的纽约帝国大厦和芝加哥西尔斯塔已经不在该名单之列了。,enshrinev.toencloseinorasifinashrinebeenshrinedin庄严载入,Theserightsareenshrinedinthecountrysconstitution.,e.g.,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,12.zero-carbonminicarsthatcannestlikeairportluggagecartswhennotinuse(L75),【译文】,闲置时可以像机场行李车一样叠放的零碳迷你车,nestv.toputsnuglytogetherorinsideoneanothertonestboxes,TranslationoftheTexts,ForRelatedReading,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,Checkyourunderstandingofvocabularyfromthereading.Readthedefinitionsbelowandwritedownthewordsorexpressionsthatbestfitthedefinitions.Thelettersinparenthesesindicatetheparagraphsinwhichthewordscanbefound.,Task1GuessingMeaningfromContext,Task,Example:demandingimmediateattention;urgent(A)=pressing,1.verylarge,shockingorsurprising(A)=2.toprovidesomeonewitharoomorplacetosleep,live,orsit(A)=,staggering,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,_,accommodate,_,3.todomoreorbetterthaninperformanceoraction(E)=4.todisclose;reveal(E)=5.daring;bold,fearless(F)=6.apersonwhohasequalstandingwithothers,asinstatus,position,orage(F)=7)tobringtoanend;close(F)=8)newlyformedorjustcomingintoprominence(I)=9)toincludesomethingsothatitformsapartofsomething(K)=10)animage;arepresentation(N)=,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,conclude,peer,emerging,unveil,_,audacious,_,_,_,_,outdo,_,incorporate,_,icon,_,Task2UnderstandingtheIdeas,Details,andStructureoftheText,Task,Readthetextcarefully,thenfillintheblankswiththemainideasforeachpart.,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,accommodatethegrowingurbanmasses,_,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,BurjDubaibytheUnitedArabEmirates,amile-hightowerplanbySaudiArabia,_,_,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,NorthAmericaandEurope,_,AsiaandtheMiddleEast,5)_.,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,tendtobeofficetowers,_,residential,_,mixed-use,_,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,Unit6PartIIRelatedReading,theChicagoSpire,_,theFreedomTower,_.,verticalurbanfarms,_,zero-carbonminicars,_,PartIIIExploringtheTopic,Task1,Task2,Task3,Task1SearchingandResearching,1)SearchfornecessaryinformationinUnit6ofExtensiveReadingCourseand/orontheInternet.2)Evaluatetheinformationandorganizeitintoareport.3)Reportthefindingsinapresentationtotheclass.4)Explainwhichresourcesyouhaveusedandcomparethem(howusefultheywere,howmuchinformationtheyprovided,andwhethertheywillbeusefulforfutureresearch).,Workingroupsandchooseoneofthefollowingtopicstoconductyourresearchbasedonthefollowingprocedure.,Unit6PartIIITask1,Theresearchtopicsare:Filmsthatfeaturewell-knownskyscrapersFamoushigh-risesinChinaWell-knowntallbuildingsthatarenotmentionedinthisunitTheimpactofskyscrapersMeasurestoimproveskyscrapersafetyThecausesofthecollapseofWorldTradeCenterThehistoryoftheskyscraperThefivetallestskyscrapersintheworldDifferentwaystoescapefromaskyscraperincaseofdisaster,Unit6PartIIITask1,Isitactuallyanimprovementthatpeopleliveinskyscrapers,whichonlykeepgrowingtaller?Isasmallapartmentinanurbansupertallpreferabletoalargehouseinthesuburbs?,Task2DiscussingandDebating,Unit6PartIIITask2,Task3ThinkingandWriting,Unit6PartIIITask3,Inrecentyearsmoreandmoretallbuildingshavebeenbuilt,constantlybreakingnewrecordsforheight.Theyhavebecomesymbolsofprominenceandwealth.Nevertheless,fewhavestudiedtheirnegativeeffectiveeffects.ResearchthesubjectinthereadingsontheInternettowriteawellorganizedessay,illustratingtheireffectsintermsofenvironmentalandsocialproblems.Youmayusethefollowingideasinyourwriting.1)Skyscrapershelpsolvetheproblemofthegrowingscarcityoflandinthecity.2)Skyscrapershavesomenegativeeffectsontheenvironment.3)Skyscraperscreatesomesafetyproblems.,PartIVIntegratedExercise,Exercise1,Exercise2,Unit6PartIVExercise1,Exercise1BuildWordPower,Unit6PartIVExercise1,1.Readthewordsandexpressionsinthepooluntilyoucanpronouncethemcorrectly,spellthemcorrectly,andusethemcorrectlyincommunication.,Unit6PartIVExercise1,1)Howtotheincreasingurbanpopulationhasbecomeoneofthemosturgentissuesthatthegovernmentneedstosolve.2)Writingforsomepeoplecanbetherapeuticandmayhelpthemlookatthingin.3)Thesuddenblackoutputeverybodyataloss,andtheyinthedarklookingforacandle.,2.Fillintheblankswithwordschosenfromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,Unit6PartIVExercise1,accommodate,_,perspective,_,stumbled,_,4)Thisisagreatfamily;allthemembersaresuccessfulintheirfield.5)Thedignityandgracesheshowedwhenfacingdefianceallthosewhohadjustlaughedather.6)Thisnewtypeofstructurewillfurtherincreasetheofthefuturebuildings.7)Theadoptionofnewfinancialpoliciesresultedintheimmediateofeconomicgrowth.,Unit6PartIVExercise1,respective,_,humbled,_,stability,_,acceleration,_,8)Forcesofnaturelikehurricaneandearthquakeareanongoingbattleagainsthumanbeings.9)Aadvancehasbeenachievedinthefieldofgenetics.10)Anotheremergenttelegramhasbeen1houragotogivethelatestinstruction.,Unit6PartIVExercise1,waging,_,noteworthy,_,dispatched,_,Astheworldspopulationkeepsclimbing,howto1)thoseincreasingpeoplehasbecomea2)questionformanygovernments.Thewholeworldhascomeintoanewageoftallbuildingconstruction.Oneofthemost3)buildingsisBurjDubai,a,3.Completethepassagebyfillingintheblankswithtargetwordsinthebox.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsmorethanonce.,F,_,Unit6PartIVExercise1,M,_,K,_,4)towerintheUnitedArabEmirates;andSaudiArabhasgotanotheramile-hightowerplan5)aswell.WhileinNewYorkandotherWeste