仁爱版英语八年级第一学期Unit4Topic2知识点教案

word格式精心整理版八上Unit 4 Our worldTopic 2 How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake?课前练习写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级：写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级：short _ _ small _ _ large _ _ late _ _ happy _ _ easy _ _ hot _ _ hard _ _ cute _ _ dirty _ _big_ _ thin_ _badly_ _ far_ _popular_ _beautiful_ _interesting_ _单项选择：( )1. Its difficult to solve the problem. Do you have any good ideas to _ with us?A. agreeB. shareC. comeD. live( )2. You are standing too near to the TV. Can you move a bit _?OK, Mom. Is it all right here?A. fasterB. slowerC. fartherD. nearer( )3. The rivers in the countryside are cleaner than _ in the city. A. thisB. thatC. theseD. those( )4. Your classroom is so dirty. Everyone should keep it _. A. dryB. openC. quietD. clean( )5. There were _ animals in the forest many years ago. A. thousand ofB. thousands ofC. three thousand ofD. three thousands of( )6. Of the two boys, Tom is _. A. tallB. the tallerC. tallestD. the tallest( )7. Blue whales are the largest and heaviest animals in the world, but they _ the smallest sea animals. A. feed inB. live inC. feed onD. fed on( )8. Zhou Fang, can you finish your homework better with _ time?I think I can. A. fewB. fewerC. littleD. less( )9. As we know, water is very important _ us. A. ofB. toC. onD. with( )10. What do you think of this film?Wonderful! No film is _. A. goodB. wellC. betterD. best用形容词的正确形式填空。1. Which do you like _ (well), apples, pears or bananas?2. I think this story is _ (interesting) than that one.3. In the morning he is _ (early). His father is _ (early) than he.4. I feel math is _ (difficult) than Chinese.词汇过关1.Michael runs much _(fast)than Jack.2.I think the flower is _(beautiful)than others.3.Which kind of flower do you like _(well)?4. The beauty looks much _ (thin) than the fat girl, but the fatter girl looks healthier. 5. The baby stopped crying as soon as his young mother _ (feed) him. 6. Its easy for people to be ill to live in _ (wet) places. 7. The hens on the farm _ (die) last week because of some kind of disease. 8. We must do something to protect the animals from _ (dangerous). 9. The blue_（鲸）is the largest animal in the world. 10. When will the plane_(着陆)？At 3:00pm tomorrow afternoon.11.Chinese tigers are from_(南方)of China.12.Every year people_(杀死) many wild animals. 13. Pandas always like eating_(竹子)1、 重点语法形容词的比较级和最高级用法()(1)形容词的比较等级部分双音节和大部分多音节形容词比较级和最高级的构成是在原形前加more或most。原级比较级最高级beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulusefulmore usefulmost usefulexcitingmore excitingmost exciting(2) 形容词比较等级的基本用法：最高级：常用“如+最高级+比较范围”结构，比较范围常用of, in, among引导的短语表达China is one of the oldest countries in the world.中国是世界上历史最悠久的国家之一。The book is the most interesting of all the books.这本书是所有书中最有趣的。She works hardest among them.她是他们当中学习最努力的。(3) 形容词比较等级的特殊用法：1.比较级与最髙级的结构可以转换，意思不变。如：The Changjiang River is longer than the other rivers in China.在中国，长江比其他河流都长。The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China.在中国，长江比其他任何河流都长。The Changjiang River is the longest river in China. 长江是中国最长的河流。2.“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”。如：The more, the better.越多越好。The more careful you are, the fewer mistake youll make.你越仔细，错误就越少。3.表示两者中“较”时，用“the+形容词比较级+ of短语”来表达。如：Canada is the larger of the two countries.加拿大是这两个国家中较大的那一个。4.形容词的比较级可用much, a little, a lot, even 等修饰，使原本的比较级在语意上更加明确。如：Apples are much bigger than oranges.苹果比桔子大得多。Lets go to school a little earlier.我们早一点去学校吧。The movie is even more interesting.这部电影甚至更有趣。二、重点句型：Section A1.A terrible earthquake struck Qinghai.一场可怕的地震袭击了青海。 strike意为“侵袭，爆发”，过去式struck。 The lightning struck again. 雷电再次闪击。2.Many buildings fell down.Some people died and many people are missing. 许多建筑倒塌，很多人死亡，还有许多人失踪。 fall down 倒塌，跌倒，下落；I fell down and hurt my knee. 我摔倒弄伤了膝盖。3. And I know that there were anther two terrible earthquakes in China. 我还直到发生在中国的另外两次严重的地震。another意为：“又一，再一，另一（事物或人）”，后面可接单数名词、数字加复数的名词。 another + 数字 + 复数名词 = 数字 +more +复数名词； Would you like another apple?你想再来一个苹果吗？another 3 hours = 3 more hours 另外三个小时；4. Im very sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息很遗憾。表达听者难过、同情或抱歉的心情。此句是表示关心的句子。-I have a bad cold today. 今天我得了重感冒。 - Im very sorry to hear that. 听到这个消息很遗憾。5. I think the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 was more serious than this one,but the Tangshan earthquake in 1976 was the most serious. 我认为2008年的汶川地震比这个地震要严重，但是1976年的唐山大地震是最严重的。 more serious 是比较级形式。 多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词的比较级由“more+形容词或副词”构成，最高级由“the most + 形容词或副词”构成。Lily is more beautiful than Lucy, but Nancy is the most beautiful girl among the three girls. 莉莉比露西漂亮，但南茜是她们三个中最漂亮的。6. How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake? 我们在地震中应该怎样来保护自己呢？ A. protect v. 保护，名词形式是：protection。We should pay attention to the protection of the Great Wall. 我们应该重视对长城的保护。B. protect.from.保护免受的伤害；You need wear warm clothes to protect you from the cold. 你需要穿暖些免着凉。Section B1.Did you hear about the Yushu earthquake in Qinghai Province? 你有听说在青海玉树的地震吗？A. hear about听说、得知；Ive just heard about his illness. 我刚听说他生病的事。 B.hear from收到的信或电报； I havent heard from him since he telephoned.自从那次他来电话后,我一直没有收到他的来信。 C. hear of也有“听说”的意思，但跟hear about 有区别。hear about后常接事件之类的名词，而hear of后则常接人或事物。 Have you heard about the accident? 你听说那场事故了吗？ I havent heard of her for a long time。 我好久没有她的消息了。 2. It was a level 7.1 earthquake. 这是一场7.1级的地震。7.1 读作 seven point one3.I was very sad when I got the news. 当我听到这个新闻，我很难过。此句等同于：When I got the news, I was sad.I will call you when I get there. 我一到那里就给你打电话。4.Do you know how to protect yourselves from the earthquake? 你们知道如何在地震中保护自己免受伤害吗？“疑问词+动词不定式”构成特殊的不定式。How to get there is a question. 怎样去那里是个问题。（作主语）The question is when to start . 问题是什么时候出发。（作表语）I dont know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该怎样做。（作宾语） 5.I think we should run out of the door.我认为我们应该跑出门。 out of 意为“（从里）出来；没有，缺少”等。 Im running out of ideas. 我快没办法了。6. The most important thing is to stay calm. 最重要的事情是保持冷静。Section C1.Knowing some ways to protect yourself will help to keep you safe in the earthquake. 了解一些保护自己的方法可以帮助你在地震中保持安全。keep sb. / sth. + adj.保持/ 护某人 / 物 keep our classroom clean保持教室清洁 keep us healthy 保持健康2.Sitting on the floor in a doorway or close to a wall is safer than standing in the middle of a room . 坐在门道或靠墙的地板上比站在房间中间更安全。 close to 靠近 / 接近 （介词短语） You can _the fire and you will feel warmer.3.Remember to protect you head and neck with your arms. 记得用你的手臂保护你的头和脖子。remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做）；remember doing sth. 记得做了某事（已做）；Please remember to send the letter for me. 记住要帮我寄信。I remember sending the letter. 我记得把信寄走了。类似表达： forget to do sth.忘记要做某事（未做）；forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事。（已做）with在句中是“用”的意思，表示用什么工具。in作“用”时，用语言。by指“靠.手段；用.方法”，所表示的方法、手段比较抽象。I can sing songs_ English. 我可以唱英语歌。 He makes a living _ teaching. 他靠教书为生。We write _ pens . 我们用笔写。4.Stay away from windows , tall furniture and pictures or anything may fall on you . 远离窗户，高的家具和图片或者任何可能弄到你的东西。 get / stay away from . 离开，远离；Get away from me. Im so busy. 快走开，我太忙了。 We _everything dangerous. 我们应该远离一切危险的东西。5.Be careful of fallen power lines. 千万小心掉落的电线。 be careful of 意为“注意；当心”， 相当于take care of。 Be careful of the cars, when you cross the road. 过马路的时候小心车。6. There will be some shocks after most earthquakes.大多数地震后还将有一些剧烈震动。 there be 的一般将来时为there will be或there is going to be。 There will be a wonderful concert this weekend.本周末将有一场精彩的音乐会。7.We call them aftershocks and they sometimes can be more dangerous than the first earthquake. 我们叫它们余震，它们有时候比第一次地震还要危险。8.You may feel afraid, but you should try to stay calm. 你可能会感到害怕，但是你应该保持冷静。A. try to do sth.意为“试图或努力去做某事”，表示想尽一切办法要把事情办成。Im trying to learn English well. 我决心（尽力）学好英语。B. try doing sth.意为“尝试做某事”，”“试着（用什么方法）去做某事”，表示一种试着、做做看的做法。I tried knocking at the back door, but nobody answered. 我试着敲了敲后门，但没人回答。9.Turn off the gas and lights 关掉煤气和灯。turn off 关掉（煤气、电器开关等）；turn on 打开（煤气、电器开关等）；turn up调大（音量）；turn down “（把收音机的音量、灯等）关小、调低；这四个短语均为 动词 + 副词结构，使用代词时，应放在中间。Please turn off the light. 请关灯。随堂练习1. This box is_ that one. A. heavy than B. so heavy thanC. heavier as D. as heavy as2. When we speak to people, we should be _ .A. as polite as possible B. as polite as possiblyC. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly3 .This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensiveB. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensiveD. more difficult as; as expensive4. I think the story is not so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interestingSection D1 But with the help of the whole nation, people in Wenchuan are rebuilding their home now and they are returning to normal life.但是在全国人民的帮助下，汶川人民政治重建家园并回归到正常的生活之中。 (1) with the help of 意为“在的帮助下”。 With the help of Mr. King, I passed the English exam.在金老师的帮助下，我通过了英语考试。 (2) return to意为“重返；回归到”。 I want to return to my hometown. 我想回到家乡。2 The children be able to study in new, safe schools.孩子们能够在新的、安全的学校学习。 be able to和can 都是表示“能够”； I can/am able to lift this stone. 我能举起这块石头。3 The people of Wenchuan are very brave, and they are starting their lives over again. 汶川人民非常勇敢，他们正重新开始他们的生活。 over again再次；重新。 Read the passage over again. 再读一遍这篇文章。三、重点词组：a terrible earthquake一场可怕的地震；protect.from.保护免受的伤害；fall down 坠落，摔落，漂下； more than = over 超过；lose ones life/lives失去生命；ask sb. for help= turn to sb.想某人求助；early this morning今天一大早；be missing 失踪；anther two terrible earthquakes 另外两次严重的地震；of the three三者之中；hear about + 事件之类的名词听说、得知；hear from 收到的信或电报； hear of +人或事物听说；get the news得到这个消息； lose ones home 失去家园；out of （从里）出来；没有，缺少；run out of 逃离；stay under the table 待在桌底下； stay calm 保持冷静；hurt his right arm 伤了自己的右手臂； do anything else 做任何其他事情； keep you safe 保持安全；a strong table or desk 一块结实的圆桌或课桌；sit on the floor in a doorway 坐在门道；close to a wall 靠近墙；in the middle of a room在房间中间；remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做）； remember doing sth. 记得做了某事（已做）；get / stay away from . 离开，远离；the strong shaking强烈的摇晃；try to do sth.试图或努力去做某事；try doing sth.尝试做某事；move to clear areas去空旷的地方；move around四处走动；take the lift 搭电梯；call 119 for help 向119求助； jump off a window 跳出窗外； cover your face 盖住你的脸； turn off the gas and lights 关掉煤气和灯；leave the building离开大楼；turn off 关掉（煤气、电器开关等）；turn on打开；turn up调大（音量）； turn down （把收音机的音量、灯等）关小、调低；with the help of the whole nation在全国的帮助下；rebuild their homes 重建他们的家园；return to normal life 回到正常生活；in new, safe school 在新的、安全的学校；start their lives开始他们的生活；send the army to help 送军队过去帮忙；provide food and water 提供食物和水；over again 再次；重新；return to重返；回归到；Unit 4 topic 2课堂练习题选择题。( ) 1. Janes grandpa died yesterday. _. A. Oh, sorry. B. Im sorry to hear that. C. Dont say that. D. I feel sorry for you.( ) 2. Which book is _ of these four books? A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting( ) 3. Can you finish the work today? Im afraid I need_. A. another two days B. other two days C. more two days D. two other days( ) 4. Do you know how we can _ ourselves from fire? Sorry, I dont know. Lets find it online. A. come B. protect C. borrow D. hear( ) 5. The question is so difficult that I cant answer it.Dont worry. Lets ask Mr. Li for _. A. help B. helps C. idea D. Hope( )6. What the matter _ you? A. on B. with C. at D. to( )7._ under the table or bed is safer when an earthquake happens. A. Stay B. Staying C. To staying D. Stayed( ) 8. I have _ to tell you. A. something important B. anything important C. important something D. important anything( ) 9. I _ the good news yesterday. A. hear about B. heard about C. hear from D. heard from( ) 10. Shu-how Lin is now one of _ basketball players in the NBA. A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular( ) 11. Its raining. _ on your raincoat when you go to school. OK.I will. A. Remember to put B. Remember putting C. Forget to put D. Forget putting( ) 12. The building is _ than that one. A. more taller B. very taller C. taller D. so taller( ) 13. Everything is getting _. A. good and better B. better and better C. best and better D. best and best( ) 14. Which is _ , the moon or the earth ? A. big B. very bigger C. the bigger D. Bigger( )15. Kangkang, I _ my pen. Could you please lend me yours?Im afraid I cant. Mine is _, too. A. lost; lostB. missing; missingC. lost; missingD. missing; lost( )16. The old woman lost the hope of life because her two sons lost their lives in the earthquake. She should cheer up. A dead heart is much _ than sadness. A. terribleB. more terribleC. most terribleD. the most terrible( )17. Is everyone out of the fire?No, _ two are still in the burning house. A. another B. otherC. the otherD. others( )18. Jack _ his job last week. Do you know why?Because he was always late for work. A. found B. lostC. loved D. disliked( )19. What you said is very good. Do you have _ else to say?_ more. A. something; AnythingB. anything; Something C. anything; NothingD. nothing; Anything( )20. An earthquake struck Yushu yesterday. Did you _ it? Yes. I _ it killed many people. Thats too terrible. A. hear; hearB. hear of; hear ofC. hear; hear ofD. hear of; hear( )21. I will thank Mr. Wang. I couldnt pass the last exam _ his help. Youre right. A. withoutB. withC. forD. under( )22. The family is too poor _ the child to school. What a pity!A. sendB. sendingC. to sendD. sent( )23. Look! The people _ their homes after the earthquake. I think they _ to normal life very soon. A. are rebuilding; are returningB. are returning; are rebuildingC. will return; are rebuildingD. are rebuilding; will return( )24. _ heads means No in China but Yes in India. Sounds interesting. A. ShakingB. MovingC. HittingD. Washing( )25. I _ able to swim when I was ten years old. A. was B. can be C. could D. were二 阅读理解。When we feel the ground moves suddenly, it means that an earthquake may come. Many of the earthquakes first come under the sea and then happen anywhere on the earth. Especially they often happen near the mountains and seas such as Wenchuan, Japan and Indonesia. When an earthquake happens, its very easy to cause a tsunami (海啸). Houses fall down, many people are injured and even died. Now scientists are trying their best to study earthquakes. They make maps to show the“earthquake belts (地震带)”. So the houses there must be quite strong. We believe that scientists will be able to tell us when and where an earthquake will happen in the near future. Also, they can tell us what to do and how to do. People can even use earthquakes to do something for us humans. 根据短文内容，判断正（T）误（F）。( )1. Japan is a country with many earthquakes because it is near the sea. ( )2. In areas in the “earthquake belts”, people build strong houses for safety. ( )3. Scientists can prevent earthquakes happening. ( )4. Many people lost their lives in the earthquakes because they didnt help each other. ( )5. Sometimes an earthquake happens with a tsunami. 阅读理解Plants are very important. This is because plants can make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals and man cannot make food from air, water and sunlight. Animals can get their food by eating plants and other animals. Man gets his food by eating plants and animals, too. So animals and man need plants in order to live. This is why there are so many plants around us. There are two kinds of plants: flowering plants and non-flowering plants. Almost all the trees around us are flowering plants. You can know some trees from their flowers and fruit. Non-flowering plants do not grow flowers. You can not see many non-flowering plants around you. If you look carefully at the plants around you, you will find that there are many kinds of plants. Some plants are large and some are small. Most of them are green. Thanks to the plants around us, we can live on the earth. 根据短文内容，选择正确答案。( )6. We need many plants around us because _. A. plants can grow easilyB. plants are greenC. we can get what we need from plantsD. we like all kinds of plants( )7. Ther