专升本英语-状语从句.ppt

状语从句,定义,状语时用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或句子的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。,时间状语从句,地点状语从句,原因状语从句,目的状语从句,条件状语从句,状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,方式状语从句,比较状语从句,01,时间状语从句,时间状语从句,when的用法小结：when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是可延续性动词，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词(非延续性)。意为：当的时候WhenIlivedthere,Iusedtogototheseashore.Whenthefilmended,thepeoplewentback.,时间状语从句,2.when可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于atthis/thattime。常用于下列句式：(刚要这时突然)sb.wasdoingsomethingwasabouttodosth+whenwasonthepointofdoingsth.hadjustdonesthIwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenImethim.Iwasabouttofallasleepwhenmysistercamein,时间状语从句,3.when还有一些较为灵活的翻译：尽管；虽然；鉴于；如果；届时Whydoyouwalkwhenyouhaveacar?Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.MarywillvisitthiscityinJune,whenshewillopenanewhospital.,时间状语从句,while用法小结：while引导的动作必须是持续性的或进行中的，在期间，往往指一段时间Whileweweretalking,hecamein.Pleasedonttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.2.while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。Wearecleaningtheclassroomwhiletheyareplayingthefootball.,时间状语从句,while的不同含义：WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.WhileIreallydontlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.Whilethereislifethereishope.,while=when,while=but,while=although,while=aslongas,时间状语从句,as用法：as引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当”，“一边一边”，“随着”等意思。Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.as表示“随着”，常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.,时间状语从句,when,while,as用法区别while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是可延续的，而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词是可延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词。When/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardthedoorbellring.WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.,时间状语从句,表示“随着”，连词用as，不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when,while与as可互换使用。When/While/AsIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriendofmine.,时间状语从句,4.从句动作发生在主句动作之前时，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.Whenthechildrenhadgonetobed,shebegantoprepareherlessons.,时间状语从句,before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.句型Itwillbe/was一段时间before“还要过多久才”句型Itwillbe/wasnot一段时间before“不多久就”Itwillbetwoyearsbeforeheleavesthecountry.Itwasnttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.,时间状语从句,since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。Wehaventseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Itis/Ithasbeen+时间段+since从句“自从有多长时间了”Itis/Ithasbeensixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.翻译：他不吸烟有五年时间了。,时间状语从句,till,until和notuntil的用法until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。Wewaitedtill/untilhecame.用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”Hewontgotobedtill/untilshereturns.,时间状语从句,3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。UntilyoutoldmeIhadnoideaofit.4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法：强调句:ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.倒装句(notuntil放句首时，主句要倒装）：NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.,时间状语从句,名词短语引导的时间状语从句：themoment,theminute,theinstant,thetime,thehour,theday,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引导时间状语从句。Tomranawaythemomenthesawhisfathercomingalong.Everytimehecame,hewouldbringusalotofflowers.,时间状语从句,nosoonerthan,hardly/scarcely/barelywhen引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。Ihadnosoonerreachedhomethanitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIreachedhomethanitbegantorain.,时间状语从句,1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice_Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.incaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?A.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since,D,C,时间状语从句,3._thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.AsD.While4.ItwillbealongtimePeterhiswork.A.since;hasfinishedB.after;finishesC.when;willfinishD.before;finishes,C,D,时间状语从句,5.Wewerejustcallingyouupyoucamein.about;whenB.onthepointof;whileC.onthepointof;whenD.onthepointof;as6.Babiessleep16to18hoursinevery24hours,andtheysleeplesstheygrowolder.A.whileB.asC.whenD.after,C,B,02,地点状语从句,地点状语从句,地点状语从句用连接副词where，wherever(在任何地方)，everywhere（在每个地方）引导。Wemustcampwherewecangetwater.Youcansitwhereveryoulike.ShefollowsmeeverywhereIgo.,03,原因状语从句,原因状语从句,原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句常用的连接词是：because,as,since,nowthat,for,和consideringthat(顾及到),seeingthat(由于)这七个连词都用于表示表示原因,但在语气上一个比一个弱。,原因状语从句,because,since,as,for的区别:1.because-直接原因，非推断，语气最强，回答why的问题。Whydidyougohomeearly?BecauseIwastired.2.as和since通常放句首，一般用来表示明显的、已知的原因，译为“因为；既然;”。Ashehasnocar,hecantgetthereeasily.Sincewehavenomoney,wecantbuyit.,原因状语从句,because,since,as,for的区别:3.for放句中，补充说明，常用于推断。Idecidedtostopandhavelunch,forIwasfeelingquitehungry.,原因状语从句,1.Idancedinfrontofthepeople_Ilikedit.2._hewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouthim.3._everybodyknowaboutit,Idontwanttotalkanymore.4.Hemustbeill,_heisabsenttoday.,because,As/Since,As/Since,for,04,目的状语从句,目的状语从句,sothat既可以引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。引导目的状语从句时，一般用于主句后，有时可分开，so有时可省略;从句中要有情态动词引导结果状语从句时，句中无情态动词区分：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.Hegotonthetrainlatesothathefoundalltheseatsoccupied.,目的状语从句,inorderthat:用于正式文体中，从句可位于主句前或后。和inorderto的区别：inorderto后面接动词，是简单句。inorderthat后面加的是状语从句。,Hecamebackearlyinorderthathecouldattendthemeeting.Inordertoensuresuccesswemusthaveacompleteplan.,目的状语从句,Ithinkthatyouhadbettergetupearlier_youcangettoclassontime.A.inorderB.sothatC.suchthatD.that_understandhowthehumanbodyworks,youneedtohavesomeknowledgeofchemistry.A.InordertoB.SoastoC.InorderthatD.SothatIwroteitdown_Iforget.A.incaseofB.incaseC.asifD.inorderthat,B,A,B,05,结果状语从句,结果状语从句,sothat(如此以至于)，so后面应用形容词或副词,有时省略so只用thatMikeissohonestamanthatweallbelievehim.suchthat(如此以至于),用法与sothat相同，但such后面应修饰名词。P.169so,such结构Hemadesuchaninspiringspeechthateverybodygotsoexcited.,结果状语从句,sothat（结果是，以致），引导结果状语从句时，句中无情态动词Hespokeclearly,sothateverybodyunderstoodhim.,结果状语从句,Theteachertoldusfunnystorywealllaughed.sucha;thatB.such,thatC.soa,thatD.so,that2.OurPEteacherwalks_wecantcatchupwithhim.A.soquickthatB.tooquicklythatC.soquicklythatD.tooquicklythat3.Theworkersworkhardtheydonthaveadayoffevenontheweekend.A.too;thatB.such;thatC.so;thatD.as;that,A,C,C,06,条件状语从句,条件状语从句,条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),once(一旦),incase(假使),providing/provided(that)等。,条件状语从句,Unless：如果不,除非=ifnotWecantgetthereontimeunlesswebooktheearliestflight.=Wecannotgetthereontimeifwedontbooktheearliestflight.,条件状语从句,providedthat：如果，有时省略thatTheplanewillbeingoodconditionprovided(that)itistakencareofcarefully.Youcanbecomeascientistprovided(that)youareingoodshapeandyouhavegotthepropereducation.,条件状语从句,onconditionthat：条件是Hesaidthathewouldcometothemeetingonconditionthatnooneaskedhimtospeak.ThemotherpromisedtothesontobuyhimatoyairplaneonconditionthathepasseshisEnglishtest.,条件状语从句,条件句的时