080108--童莎--数字系统DEH分册

印尼北苏风港2115MW燃煤电站项目LABUHAN ANGIN COAL FIRED STEAM POWER PLANT 2115MW SIBOLGA, NORTH SUMATERA-INDONESIA汽轮机电液调节系统DEH数字系统手册 Digital Electro Hydraulic (DEH) Control System Manual of Steam Turbine Hydraulic Governing SystemAFor approvalDec 10,07王乐韩志华张飞虎屈晋春REVStatusModificationDatePrepared byChecked byReviewed byApproved by. 合同号：109.PJ/063/DIRUT/2003 Contract No.PT.PLN(PERSERO) JASA ENJINIRING1035- PLN DWG No. 中国机械设备进出口总公司CHINA NATIONAL MACHINERY & EQUIPMENTIMPORT & EXPORT CORPORATION 陕西西北发电运行有限公司 SHAANXI NORTHWEST POWER GENERATION CO., LTD批准APPROVED BY屈晋春日期DATE2007-12-15合同号：CMEC-LASPP-CT-SNPG-172/DContract No.审核REVIEWED BY张飞虎日期DATE2007-12-15校对CHECKED BY韩志华日期DATE2007-12-15REV-B编制PREPARED BY王 乐日期DATE2007-12-15序 言Preface本汽轮机DEH系统设计手册是根据印尼北苏风港2115MW燃煤电站项目热控设备制造厂提供的设备使用维护说明书和相关图纸编制的，仅适用于印尼北苏风港2115MW燃煤电站项目热控系统的设计及使用。The Digital Electro Hydraulic (DEH) Control System Manual of Steam Turbine Hydraulic Governing System is compiled based on the Equipment Application & Maintenance Instructions and relevant drawings supplied by the manufacturers for Labuhan Angin Coal Fired Steam Power Plant 2115MW Sibolga, North Sumatera-Indonesia. It is only suitable for the design and usage of I&C system for this Plant.目 录Content8.1 概述8.1 General Introduction8.2 DEH控制系统主要功能8.2 Main Functions of DEH Control System8.1 概述8.1.1 本设计手册针对印尼北苏风港2115MW燃煤电站所选用的N115-9.32型高压凝汽式式汽轮机的控制系统。8.1.2 汽轮机控制系统的主要任务就是通过改变调节阀的开度来调节汽轮机的转速。汽轮发电机组在并网运行时，其转速与电网频率相对应。电网中所有发电机输出功率的总和与所有负载消耗功率的总和平衡时，电网频率保持稳定，即并网机组的转速要由电网中所有机组共同调节。8.1.3 电控部分采用ABB公司的集散控制系统，具有丰富的控制功能和优良的控制性能。8.1 General Introduction8.1.1 This design manual is applied to the control system of type N115-9.32 high pressure condensing turbine adopted by Labuhan Angin Coal Fired Power Plant 2115MW Sibolga, North Sumatera-Indonesia.8.1.2 The main task of the control system of turbine is to regulate the rotating speed of steam turbine via adjust the opening of control valve. During the on-line parallel operation, the rotating speed of turbo-generator unit is corresponding to the frequency of grid. When the summation of output power generated by all the generators of the grid is equal with the summation of consumed power by all loads, the frequency of grid will remain stable, i.e., the rotating speed of units that connected with grid will be regulated jointly by all the units in the grid.8.1.3 Distributed control system of abundant control function and outstanding control performance produced by ABB Company is adopted in the electric control system.8.2 DEH控制系统主要功能8.2 Main Functions of DEH Control System8.2.1 自动挂闸系统设置的复位阀供挂闸用。挂闸程序如下：按下挂闸按钮（设在DEH操作盘上），复位阀带电动作，泄掉危急遮断器滑阀上腔室压力油，危急遮断阀滑阀在其底部油压力作用下上升到上止点，将低压保安油的排油口封住，建立去隔膜阀上部的低压保安油，当压力状态组件检测到低压保安油建立后发出信号给DEH，使复位阀失电，危急遮断器滑阀上腔室压力恢复，复位阀组上的压力开关检测到该信号后发出信号给DEH挂闸程序完成。8.2.1 Automatic Latching Reset valve that installed in the system is used for latching. The latching procedures are described as below: push latching button (on the DEH operating panel), and the reset valve acts lively and discharge the pressure oil in the upper chamber on the slide valve of emergency over speed governor; the slide valve of emergency over speed governor will rise to the top dead centre under the pressure of its bottom oil and seal the oil outlet of low pressure emergency oil and form the low pressure emergency oil on the upper part of diaphragm valve. When pressure status components will send out signal to DEH once it detected the formation of low pressure emergency oil and make the reset valve de-energized, the pressure of the upper chamber on the slide valve of emergency over speed governor will be resumed; once the signal issued by pressure status components is detected by pressure switches on reset valve units, the pressure switches will send signal to DEH, and the latching procedures are completed.8.2.2 阀门静态关系整定不仅在机组启动前能自动进行阀门静态关系整定，而且在汽机带负荷正常运行期间，也能方便地分别对单个阀进行整定。8.2.2 The Setting of Valve Static Relations The static relations of valves can be automatically set before the startup of the unit; besides, single valve can be set respectively during the normal operation of steam turbine with load.8.2.3 启动前的控制：自动判断热状态、自动预暖8.2.3 Control before Startup: automatically judge the thermal state and automatically warm-up.8.2.4 转速控制：升速：设定目标、设定升速率、自动过临界、自动暖机、3000r/min定速。8.2.4 Rotating Speed Control: speed rising: setup target, setup speed rising rate, automatically over-critical, automatically warm-up, constant speed: 3000r/min.8.2.5 负荷控制8.2.5 Load Control1) 并网带初负荷1) Grid-connection operation with initial load2) 发电机假并网试验2) Generator wattless synchronization test3) 自动同期3) Automatic synchronization4) 升负荷：设定目标、设定升速率、自动暖机4) Load increasing: setup target, setup speed rising rate, automatically warm-up5) 阀门切换：机组采用TV启动时，当机组转速达到阀切换转速(接近并网转速，约2950r/min)后，由主汽门控制切换到调门控制。5) Valve Switch-over: when the unit adopts TV startup method, if the rotating speed of unit reaches to valve switch-over speed (about 2950r/min, near the synchronous speed), the control mode will be switched-over from main steam valve to control valve.6) 调节级压力反馈6) Pressure feedback of governing stage7) 主汽压力控制：当要求由DEH系统来实现机组协调控制和汽机跟随方式下的汽压调节任务时，系统中设置了主汽压力控制回路，根据主汽门前主汽压力的偏差，按比例积分微分规律改变调节汽阀开度。7) Main Steam Pressure Control: when DEH system is required to realize the unit coordinated control and steam pressure adjustment task under turbine follow mode, the main steam pressure control circuit installed in the system could adjust the opening of steam valve via PID rule according to the deviation of main steam pressure in front of the main steam valve.8) 负荷反馈控制：对负荷控制采用操作员自动OA和机炉协调CCS控制。在OA下，通过操作员设定目标负荷和升降速率来控制负荷；在CCS时，汽机接受锅炉发过来的指令，随动炉侧的负荷变化。8) Load Feedback Control: the load is controlled by operator automatic (OA) mode and turbine-boiler coordinated control system (CCS). Under OA mode, the load is controlled via the target load and rising/decreasing ratio set by operator; under CCS mode, turbine receive the instruction issued by boiler and change according to the change of load at dynamic boiler side.9) 一次调频：机组并网后，如电网的频率改变，将对汽机的功率进行修正，实现一次调频功能。9) Primary Frequency Regulation: after the grid-connection of unit, if the frequency of grid is changed, then the power of turbine will be changed to realize the function of primary frequency regulation.10) CCS控制：DEH系统能够跟机炉协调系统配合，完成机炉协调控制。10) CCS Control: DEH system can coordinate with turbine-boiler coordination system to realize the turbine-boiler coordinated control.11) 快卸负荷：当机组出现某种故障时，快速减小阀门开度，卸掉部分负荷，以防事故扩大。在快卸负荷功能投入期间，DEH接到快卸负荷信号时，总的阀位参考量在原值基础上以对应档变化率减小，直到此信号消失或快卸负荷功能被切除或阀位参考量被减到对应档的下限值。11) Quick Load Shedding: when some kind of fault occurs to the unit, reduce the opening of valve rapidly and shed partial load to prevent the accident expansion. During the operation of quick load shedding function, when DEH receives the signal of quick load shedding, the total valve position reference value will decrease according to the change ratio of corresponding power based on original value until the signal is disappeared or the quick load shedding function is switched off or the valve reference value is reduced to the lower limit value of corresponding power.12) 甩负荷保护: 运行中的汽轮机由于电力系统故障导致发电机跳闸或电网解列时，DEH系统立即关闭高压调节阀，然后再自动将高压调节阀重新开启，维持汽轮机在同步转速下运行，保证汽机能迅速重新并网。12)Load Rejection Protection: when the operating turbine cause the generator to trip or the disconnection from grid, the DEH system will close high pressure control valve immediately and re-open the high pressure control valve automatically so as to maintain the operation of turbine under synchronous speed and ensure the synchronous operation of turbine will be resumed rapidly.8.2.6 负荷限制：8.2.6 Load Limitation:当机组的运行工况或蒸汽参数出现异常时，为避免损坏机组，并使机组的运行尽快恢复正常，控制子系统能对机组的功率或所带负荷进行限制，包括：When the operating condition of unit or steam parameter is abnormal, the control sub-system will limit the power or load of unit in order to prevent the unit from being damaged and resume the normal operation of unit as soon as possible. The limitations include following items:1) 功率反馈限制（切除）：当实测功率与功率定值的差值超过规定数值时，控制系统能自动切除功率反馈回路，将负荷控制的闭环控制方式切换为开环控制方式，同时降低功率定值，以免发电机甩负荷时产生不正确的汽阀动作，保证机组的安全。1) Power Feedback Limitation (switched off): when the difference between actually measured power and power constant value exceeds rated value, control system can automatically switch off power feedback circuit to switch over the control mode of load from closed-loop mode to open-loop mode; meanwhile, the power constant value can be reduced so as to avoid incorrect action of steam valve during the generator load rejection process and thus ensure the safety of unit.2) 最高最低负荷限制：限值由人工给定，并可根据需要随时改变。2) Maximum/Minimum Load Limitation: the limitation value will be set manually and could change at any time subject to requirement.3) 主汽压力限制：当主汽压力降低到异常值或主汽压力下降速率超过规定限值时，主汽压力限制回路投入工作，输出减小汽阀开度指令去限制负荷，协助锅炉尽快恢复主汽压力。此时，汽阀控制回路不再接受其它控制回路的指令。3) Main Steam Pressure Limitation: when main steam pressure reduced to a abnormal value or the decreasing rate of main steam pressure exceeds allowable limited value, the main steam pressure limitation circuit will be put into operation to output instruction of reducing opening of steam valve to limit load and coordinate boiler to resume main steam pressure as soon as possible. At this moment, the steam valve control circuit will not response to instructions issued from other control circuit.4) 调节级压力限制：当调节级压力达到或超出限定值时,调节级压力限制回路投入,限制高压调节阀继续开大。4) Pressure Limitation of Governing Stage: when the pressure of governing stage reaches or exceeds limited value, the pressure control circuit of governing stage will be automatically put into operation to limit the continuous open of high pressure control valve.8.2.7 阀门切换：汽轮机具有在不同运行工况下进行切换的两种进汽方式（全周进汽方式和部分进汽方式），DEH系统设置了对应于这两种进汽方式的调节汽阀阀门管理（选择和切换）功能，并防止在切换过程中产生过大的扰动。同时考虑在喷嘴调节时阀门的重叠度要求8.2.7 Switch-over Operation of Valves Steam turbine has two kinds of steam admission modes (full arc admission and partial admission) which can be switched over mutually under different working condition. DEH system sets up the valve management function which is correspond to these two steam admission modes to adjust steam valve, and can prevent big disturbance generated during the switch-over operation process; besides, the requirements of overlap degree of valve during the nozzle control process is also considered.8.2.8 在线试验：1)喷油试验：为确保危急遮断飞锤在机组一旦出现超速时，能迅速飞出遮断汽轮机，需经常对飞锤进行活动试验。2) 超速试验（电气超速试验和机械超速试验） ：DEH系统提供操作人员进行超速试验的手段,以判断超速保护系统功能是否正常（包括DEH、ETS的电超速及机械超速）。3)阀门活动试验：为保证发生事故时阀门能可靠关闭，DEH系统具备对高压主汽阀和高压调节门逐个进行在线试验的功能（包括活动试验和全行程试验）。在进行阀门在线试验时，汽轮机的运行做到不受影响。4) 高压遮断、低压遮断：为提高可靠性，遮断电磁阀可进行在线试验。8.2.8 On-line Test: 1) Oil Eject Test: in order to ensure the fly hammer of emergency over speed governor can fly out rapidly to trip the steam turbine once the unit is over-speed, thus, moving test should be done to the fly hammer regularly.2) Over-speed Test (electric and mechanical over-speed tests): DEH system provides the means for operator to conduct over-speed test so as to judge whether the function of over-speed protection system is normal or not (include electric and mechanical over-speed of DEH and ETS).3) Valve Moving Test: in order to ensure valve can close reliably when accident occurs, DEH system has the function to conduct on-line test to high pressure main steam valve and high pressure control valve one by one (include moving test and full stroke test). The operation of steam turbine should not be affected during the valve on-line test process.4) High/Low Pressure Trip: in order to enhance the reliability, on-line test can be done to trip solenoid valve.8.2.9 运行方式：DEH控制系统具有适当的后备运行操作手段，以便控制系统一旦故障退出时可进行人工控制。DEH提供下述几种可供操作人员选择的运行方式，即手动运行方式，操作员自动方式、遥控运行方式。两种运行方式之间，能进行无扰切换。1) 手动运行方式：由操作员在手动操作面板上按动键钮控制各个阀门开度的一种运行方式。在各键钮操作之间设有保护性的逻辑互锁，以防止发生错误操作。2) 操作员自动运行方式：在此方式下，可实现汽轮机的转速和负荷的闭环控制，并具有各种保护和试验功能。目标转速、目标负荷、升速率和升负荷率等均由操作人员设定。3) 遥控运行方式：当处于操作员自动运行方式时，DEH系统能接受其它系统如协调控制系统、自动同期系统来的负荷或转速指令，来控制汽机升/降转速和升/降负荷。8.2.9 Operation Mode:DEH control system has appropriate operating measure for standby operation so that manual control can be put into operation once the control system is exit because of fault. DEH provide several operation modes to be selected by operators, namely, manual operation mode, operator automatic operation mode and remote control operation mode. Switch-over without disturbance can be realized between any two operation modes.1) Manual operation mode: a kind of operation mode that enable operator to control the opening of each valve by pushing buttons on manual operating panel. Protective logic interlocks are set between each push buttons to avoid error operation.2) Operator automatic operation mode: under this mode, the closed-loop control for the rotating speed and load of turbine can be realized, and various protective and testing functions are available. Target speed, target load, speed rising rate and load rising rate etc. are set by operators.3) Remote control operation mode: when the system is under operator automatic operation mode, DEH system can receive load or speed instructions issued from other system such as coordinated control system and automatic synchronization system to control the speed rising/reducing rate and load rising/decreasing rate of turbine.8.2.10 DEH系统的工作原理8.2.10 Working Principal of DEH System1) 在并网前，DEH控制汽轮机转速，使汽轮机转速随目标转速的变化而变化。1) Before grid-connection, DEH control speed of turbine so as to change the speed of turbine along with the change of target speed.2) 在并网后，DEH控制发电机功率，使发电机功率随目标负荷的变化而变化。2) After grid-connection, DEH control the generator power so as to change the generator power along with the change of target load.3) 转速调节器的输出和功率调节器输出通过是否并网这一条件进行判断来选择二者的输出，这个结果通过一系列运算后，各输出模件输出420mA信号到各个伺服卡，在伺服卡中，此信号与经过运算后的调门位置反馈信号进行比较，输出一个-40mA-+40mA的电流信号到伺服阀上，驱动伺服阀力矩马达，从而控制油动机使调门开大或关小。3) The selection of output of speed regulator or output of power regulator is determined by the condition of grid-connection. After experienced a series of calculation, the result is output by each output module as 4-20mA signal to each servo card; in servo card, this signal will compare with feedback signal of control valve position, then output a -40mA-+40mA current signal to servo valve to drive the torque motor thus to control the oil actuator and finally control the opening of control valve.4) 并网后，如功率调节器未投自动，即功率回路未投时，此时进行开环控制，直接调整各个调门的开度。4) After grid-connection, if power regulator is not put into automatic mode, i.e., power circuit is not put into operation, then open-loop control will be put into operation to adjust opening of each control valve directly.5) 当给出目标值（转速或功率）后，PID调节器的给定按设定的升速率变化，当给定大于实际值时，PID调节器输出增加，输出模件输出的420mA信号大于调门位置反馈信号，伺服卡输出的电流信号增加，伺服阀力矩马达转动，伺服阀进油口打开，油动机进油压力增加大于调门的弹簧阻力，调门开大，调门开大后，调门位置反馈信号增加到等于输出模件输出的信号，伺服卡输出的电流回零，伺服阀力矩马达恢复到原始位置。伺服阀进油口关闭，此时，油动机进油压力等于调门的弹簧阻力，使调门保持在一个新的平衡点。5) When the target value (speed or power) is set, the setting of PID regulator will change accordin