英语：Module_5《A_Lesson_in_a_Lab》复习

Module5ALessoninaLab基础落实.高频单词思忆1.Weclimbedoutofthehole,rightinfrontoftwo(惊讶的)policemen.2.Thisisa5starhotelwithperfect(设备).3.Thenewtaxescameasashockto(普通的)Americans.4.Thepopulationofthetown(膨胀)rapidlyinthe1960s.,astonished,facilities,ordinary,expanded,5.Fromthesefactswecandrawsome(结论)abouthowthepyramidswerebuilt.6.Ithinkthesuddenbreakoftheelectricityhassomethingtodowithan(电的)fault.7.Theycarrylogsby(漂)themdowntheriver.,conclusions,electrical,floating,8.Theprofessorisgivingaseriesof(讲座)onmolecularbiology.9.Thisdrinkisa(混合物)ofthreedifferentsorts,soithasseveraltastes.10.Trytokeepa(平衡)betweenworkandrelaxation.,lectures,mixture,balance,.重点短语再现1.add.给增加add使增加addto总计；总共2.thebottom在的底部thebottomofonesheart从心底里；由衷地3.beof对感到自豪；骄傲takein以为自豪4.besupposed理应；被认为是Isuppose我看可以5.inorder按顺序摆放order整齐；条理outorder次序颠倒,to,to,up,at,of,from,proud,pride,to,so,put,in,of,6.think考虑；想到think想出(主意等)think仔细考虑think再三考虑；慎重思考eup突然想起cometo苏醒；活跃起来8.fromthatmoment从那一刻起fromon从那时起fromon从现在起9.turn轮流by轮流地；依次地taketodo.轮流做turn结果是10.react与发生反应react(人)对作出反应,of,up,over,twice,with,life,on,then,now,in,turns,turns,out,with,to,.典型句式运用1.Two-thirdsoftheearthssurfaceiswater.地球表面的三分之二是水。考查分数的表达法和主谓一致这里三分之一的书是属于他的。,考点提炼,句子仿造,Onethirdofthebooksherebelongtohim.,2.Theearthisforty-ninetimeslargerthanthemoon.地球比月球大四十九倍。考查倍数表达法新修的路比原来的路宽3倍。,考点提炼,句子仿造,Thenewly-builtroadisthreetimes,widerthanthatoldone.,3.Itshardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很难想像一个没有金属的世界。考查句式Itis+adj.+(for/ofsb.)+todosth.把伞忘在出租车上，你真粗心。,考点提炼,句子仿造,Itscarelessofyoutoleaveyour,umbrellainthetaxi.,4.Thecloseryouare,themoreyoullsee.你靠的越近，看到的就越多。考查Themore.,themore.句式你越是努力，取得的进步就越大。,考点提炼,句子仿造,youllmake.,Theharderyoustudy,themoreprogress,5.Belowisadescriptionofasimplescientificexperiment.下面是对一个简单的科学实验的描述。考查倒装句式我们靠天吃饭的日子一去不复返了。,考点提炼,句子仿造,Gonearethedayswhenwehadtobeat,themercyoftheweather.,导练互动重点单词1.contractv.(使)收缩；和订合同;n.契约，合同Whenyouheatametal,itcontracts.当你给金属加热时,它会收缩。（回归课本P41）,归纳拓展makeacontractwith与签合同signacontract签署合同carryoutacontract履行合同cancelacontract取消合同breakacontract违反合同by/oncontract按照合同；依约,活学活用Youshouldreadthecarefullybeforeyousignit.A.contrastB.contactC.contractD.conflict解析考查名词词形和词义的辨析。contract合同；contrast对照，对比；contact联系，接触；conflict冲突。,C,2.conclusionn.结论；断定；结束；结局；协定，协议观察思考Whatconclusiondoyoudrawfromtheevidence?你从证据中得到了什么结论？FromwhatyousayIconcludethatyouareright.根据你的话我断定你是对的。,归纳拓展conclusion作“结束，结尾”讲时常用单数，用作“结论”讲时为可数名词，用作“协议，缔结”讲时为不可数名词。cometo/arriveat/reach/drawaconclusion得出结论bring.toaconclusion使结束inconclusion最后concludev.结束；断定;订立concludewith以而结束concludesth.fromsth.从某事中得出某个结论concludesth.(with)sb.与某人达成(协定),活学活用Davidfromtheanalysisofthetrafficaccidentthatithadbeencausedbyhumanerror.A.announcedB.acknowledgedC.concludedD.considered解析句意为：David从交通事故分析中推断出这次交通事故是人为错误导致的。,C,3.reactvi.回应；起作用；起反应Whichofthemetalsinthetablereactsthemostwithoxygenandwater?表格中的金属哪一个与氧气和水反应最厉害？(回归课本P44),归纳拓展react的含义及用法：(1)作出反应，回应(与to连用);(2)反对，反抗，反动(与against连用);(3)(指物质)起化学反应(与with连用);(4)对某事物有影响，对某事物产生变化(与介词on连用)。,活学活用Thefootballplayerreactedthejudgesdecisionbywithdrawingfromthematch.A.onB.toC.againstD.by解析表示“人对作出反应”用to。,B,4.ordinaryadj.普通的；平常的；n.常事；惯例Thenailsrustinthetubewithordinarywater.在有普通水的试管里的铁钉生锈。(回归课本P45),易混辨异ordinary/common/usual/normal(1)ordinary普通的，平常的，平凡的。强调在等级和类属方面普通。指人时，该词指既不显赫也不低贱；指物时指品质或质地水平一般。有“平庸无奇”之意。(2)common普通的；常见的。强调经常发生，司空见惯，不显赫或不特别，可修饰人或物。也可指共同的，共存的。Theplantsarecommonhere.这些植物在这里很普遍。,(3)usual通常的；惯常的，惯例的。强调依照惯例来判断，有“遵循常规”之意。Itisusualforhimtogobackhomelate.他回家晚是常事。(4)normal正常的，合乎标准的。强调在正常情况下应有的。Histemperaturewastwodegreesabovenormal.他的体温比正常体温高两度。,重点短语与句型5.keep.outof防止进入；不让靠近Youaddsomeoiltothewaterbecausethiskeepsairoutofit.向水里加一些油因为这可以防止空气进入到水中。(回归课本P46)观察思考Wevealwaystriedtokeepoutoflocalpolitics.我们总是尽可能避免卷入地方政治中。,归纳拓展keep(sb.)away(fromsth.)使(某人)离开(某物)keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事keepback阻止，抑制；留(扣)下；忍住(眼泪)；隐瞒keepsth.inmind记住(某事物)keepintouchwith与保持联系keep(on)doingsth.继续做某事keepoff远离，避开，让开keepup保持，维持keepupwith跟上，不落在后面keepto不跑题，不偏离（道路）,活学活用Acertainpercentageofyoursalaryisbytheemployerasanensurancepayment.A.keptawayB.keptoutC.keptbackD.keptup解析考查词义辨析。keepback扣留；keepaway离开，远离；keepout避开；keepup维持。,C,6.usedto(过去)常常Ineverusedtoenjoyscience,butlastyearIchangedschools,andthescienceteachersatmynewschoolareexcellent.我过去从未喜欢过理科，但是去年我转学了，我新学校的理科教师都非常优秀。(回归课本P49),观察思考Iusedtogotoworkonfoot,butnowIdrivethere.我过去常常是步行上班，现在我开车去。Youusedtoseealotofher,didntyou/usedntyou?你过去经常见她，是吧？,易混辨异usedto/would二者均含有过去做某事的意义。(1)usedto暗含和现在的情况对比，强调现在不再那样了。(2)would指过去的习惯，常常做某事，不和现在进行比较。如：Heusedtobeadoctor,butnowalawyer.他过去是一名医生，现在是一名律师。Iwouldsitunderabigtreeinfrontofmyhouseasachild.孩提时我经常坐在我家房前的大树下。,归纳拓展(1)usedto表示过去经常发生的动作或存在的状态，暗含现在不再这样。(2)usedto的否定式有两种，即：usednottodo和didnotusetodo。疑问式也有两种，即：Used+主语+todo.?和Did+主语+usetodo.?(3)be/getusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事beusedtodosth.被用来做某事beusedas.被用作,活学活用用use的适当短语填空Ibeamiddleschoolteacher,butIresignedintheyear1999.Nowmyofficeinthatschoolisusedastheschoolclinic,andIhavemynewjobalready.,usedto,gotusedto,7.besupposedto理应；应当IamgoingtotrytogotoeitherMontrealorOttawaUniversity,asbotharesupposedtohavegoodPhysicsDepartments.我要尽量去上蒙特利尔大学或渥太华大学，因为这两所学校都有很好的物理系。(回归课本P49),观察思考Whyareyoustillathome?Youaresupposedtohavegonetoschool.你怎么还在家？你早应该去学校了。Whatmakesyousupposehimtobeconnectedwiththem?什么使你想到他和他们之间的联系？Look,suppose/supposingyoulostyourjobtomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?哎，假设明天丢掉了工作，你会怎么办？,归纳拓展(1)suppose作及物动词，意为“认为，想”。后可接从句，可用作插入语，还可接不定式的复合结构。作及物动词时，意为“假定，设想”，有时还可用来提出建议，表示“怎么样”，多用于祈使句，后面的从句多用虚拟语气形式shoulddo,有时should可以省略。(2)besupposedtodo表示“应该，应当”。不定式有时可用完成时或进行时。(3)suppose/supposing引起条件状语从句，相当于if的作用，意为“如果，假设”。,活学活用(1)Everyonewearaseatbeltinthecar.A.issupposedtoB.supposestoC.issupposedD.supposedto解析besupposedtodo.理应做。句意为：所有的人都应系上安全带。,A,(2)everywordofhisweretrue,whatactionwouldtheteachertake?A.AsifB.WhileC.WhenD.Suppose解析suppose起到连词的作用，相当于if，引导状语从句。句意:如果他说的话都是真的，老师会采取什么措施？,D,8.Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.很难想像一个没有金属的世界。句式分析本句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语tothinkof.，构成Itis/was+adj.+todosth.的结构。Itsdifficulttofinishthetaskinsuchashortperiodoftime.在这么短的时间内完成任务很困难。,归纳拓展(1)Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.(该句式中，作表语的形容词只能说明不定式的行为性质和特点，不能说明不定式的执行者。常见的这类形容词有：easy,important,difficult,hard,possible,impossible,necessary等。)Itsimportantforustomasteraforeignlanguage.对我们来说掌握一门外语非常重要。,(2)Itis+adj.+ofsb.todosth.(该句式中，作表语的形容词表达不定式的逻辑主语的品行、性格或性质。常见的这类形容词有：kind,nice,good,honest,careful,careless,clever,wise,stupid,foolish,rude,polite,impolite等。)Itscarelessofyoutomakesomanymistakesinthisexam.在这次考试中你出了这么多错真是太粗心了。,活学活用Weallthinkisnotnecessaryforyoutohavetoldheraboutthebadnews.A.thereB.itC.thatD.this解析考查句式Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.的结构。,B,9.Hereisatablewiththemetalsthatreactmostatthetop,andthemetalsthatreactleastatthebottom.这儿有一个图表，那些反应最强烈的金属在上部，反应最不强烈的在下部。,句式分析这是一个倒装句，正常语序是：Atablewith.ishere.在学习的过程中我们要注意：(1)在there,here引导的句子中，谓语动词是be,exist等表示状态的不及物动词时，句子要全部倒装。(2)在there,here,now,then,thus等开头的句子里，谓语动词是come,go,follow等且主语是名词时，句子要全部倒装。,(3)在here,there引导的句子中，当主语是代词时，不倒装，且此类句子不用进行时。Herecomesthebus.Letshurry!车来了,我们快点！Herehecomes!他来了！Therestandsatallpinetreeatthetopofthehill.山顶上有一棵高高的松树。活学活用Herestheknife；itwasunderthesedishes.,刀子在这儿呢，就在这堆盘子地下。,考题回扣【例1】Inmyopinion,lifeinthetwentyfirstcenturyismucheasierthan.（安徽高考）A.thatusedtobeB.itisusedtoC.itwasusedtoD.itusedtobe解析表示“过去常常”用usedtodo.,并且本题中动词原形be不能省略。,D,课文原文Ineverusedtoenjoyscience,butlastyearIchangedschools,andthescienceteachersatmynewschoolareexcellent.,【例2】Hearingthedogbarkingfiercely,away.（上海高考）A.fleeingthethiefB.wasfleeingthethiefC.thethiefwasfleeingD.fledthethief解析away置于句首且主语是名词时，句子应用全部倒装语序。A项不是完整的句子；B项倒装语序不正确；C项是正常语序，此三项可排除。课文原文Belowisadescriptionofasimplescientificexperiment.,D,【例3】Themessageisveryimportant,soitissupposedassoonaspossible.（陕西高考）A.tobesentB.tosendC.beingsentD.sending解析besupposedtodosth.表示“理应做某事”,是习惯搭配,而且send与themessage之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故须用被动语态形式。课文原文IamgoingtotrytogotoeitherMontrealorOttawaUniversity,asbotharesupposedtohavegoodPhysicsDepartments.,A,【例4】Itisnotimmediatelyclearthefinancialcrisiswillsoonbeover.（上海高考）A.sinceB.whatC.whenD.whether解析这是it作形式主语的名词性从句。句意为:金融危机是否会很快结束不会立刻明朗的。若主语从句中去掉soon，也可以选C项，即“金融危机什么时候会结束”；what在从句中没法与其他成分搭配；since自从以来，不合句意。课文原文Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.,D,【例5】Myuncleshouseinthedowntownareaismuchsmallerthanours,butitistwiceexpensive.（四川高考）A.asB.soC.tooD.very解析but分句实际上是一个省略句，补充完整为：butitistwiceasexpensiveasours。课文原文Theearthistwiceaslargeasthemoon.,A,自主检测.品句填词1.Putabasinofwateroutsideinwinter,andicewill(形成).2.Thepolicecametoa(结论)afterlookingintothecasecarefully.3.Ihavealotofsports(设备)suchasgolfclubs,tennisracketsandiceskates.4.Thesmellofnewbread(飘出)upfromthekitchen.,form,conclusion,equipment,floated,5.Pleasereadthe(说明)onthebottlebeforetakingthemedicine.6.Whenquestionedbythepolice,hisfirst(反应)wastodenyeverything.7.Thisdrinkisa(混合物)ofthreedifferentsorts,soithasseveraltastes.8.Thechildcouldntkeephis(平行)onhisnewbicycle.9.Thehunter(瞄准)hisgunatthebearcarefully.10.Whenyouheatametal,itexpands;whileit(收缩)asitgetscooler.,instructions,reaction,mixture,balance,aimed,contracts,.短语运用beproudof,usedto,aimedat,addupto,keepoutof,put.inorder,keeponesbalance,thinkof,reactwith,besupposedto1.Innature,manykindsofmaterialscaneachotherundercertainconditions.2.Youasktheteacherifyouwanttoleavetheclassroom.3.Heliftedhisgunandthebirdinthetree.,reactwith,aresupposedto,aimedat,4.AllthemoneyIhadnomorethanonehundereddollars.5.WhenIsawthesephotos,Imycollegedays.6.Trytothetroublebetweenthem.7.Booksshouldagainafteryouhavefinishedreadingthem.,addedupto,thoughtof,keepoutof,beputinorder,8.Istruggledtoonmynewskates.9.AlltheChinesethesuccessofShenzhou.10.Lifenowismuchbetterthanitbe.,keepmybalance,areproudof,usedto,.翻译句子1.学生人数在迅速增加。（expand）2.做完实验后，一切东西都要有序的排列在器皿柜中。(put.inorder)3.这是我过去经常去游泳的小河。(where),Studentnumbersareexpandingrapidly.,Aftertheexperiment,everythingisputin,orderinthecupboard.,ThisistheriverwhereIusedtogo,swimming.,4.Tofindoutthetruth,youdbetterdoitoncebyyourself.（不定式作目的状语）5.Itishardtothinkofaworldwithoutmetals.,为了发现事实，你最好亲自做一次。,很难想像一个没有金属的世界。,.单项填空1.Onhearingthenews,thegirlrushedoutwithouthesitation,thebagonthefloorandinthedark.A.left;lied;disappearedB.leaving;lying;disappearedC.leaving;lie;disappearingD.left;lay;disappear解析分析句子知leavingthebag.是分词短语作状语；而thebag和lie间是主谓关系，故用lying的形式；而disappear和rushout是句子的谓语动词；因此B正确。,B,2.Therearebothadvantagesanddisadvantagesintheschemeproposed,butIthinkweshouldbenefitbyadoptingit.A.onbalanceB.outofbalanceC.onthebalanceD.offbalance解析onbalance总的来说。,A,3.ChurchesareoftenbuiltthecrossintheWest.A.informofB.intheformofC.withformofD.inaformof解析intheformof.以样的形式；呈现样的形式。,B,4.When,metals.A.heating;extendB.heated;extendC.heating;expendD.heated;expand解析metal和heat为动宾关系，故用heated,完整形式是：Whenitisheated,由常识知加热时铁膨胀，故用一般现在时。,D,5.TheywillstarttheirprojectathelpingthepoorchildrentobeeducatedinChinaswest.A.aimsB.aimingC.beingaimedD.aimed解析分析句子知project和aimat之间是主谓关系，故用其-ing形式aiming。,B,6.Afteralongdiscussionabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheplan,theyfinallycametoa(n)thatitwaspractical.A.decisionB.opinionC.conclusionD.impression解析cometoaconclusion得出结论。空后的thatitwaspractical是conclusion的同位语。,C,ofthepeopleontheNetChinaseconomyisamongthestrongestintheworld.A.Fourfifth;believesB.Fourfifth;believeC.Fourfifths;believeD.Fourfifths;believes解析考查分数表达和主谓一致。当分数中分子大于1时，分母需用复数，故排除A、B两项；“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于名词，本句中people为复数，故选C。,C,8.TheflightCA9525for1130a.m.istobeputoffduetothestormyweather.A.ordinaryB.commonC.formalD.regular解析本题考查形容词辨析。regul