中央电大历届英语阅读3试题库试卷代号2157.pdf

试卷代号:2157 中央广播电视大学2012-2013学年度第一学期开放专科期末考试 英语阅读(3)试题 2013年1月 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏 内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带 出考场。 二、仔细阅读每题的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案必须写在答题 纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 771 PartI Questions1-10arebased on Passage1.(30points,3pointseach) Passage 1 OutofAfrica 1WhenTeglaLoroupereturnedhometoKenyafromwinningtheNewYorkCity Marathonin 1994,shewaspresentedwithninecattle,16sheepandsomelandbythe gratefulpeopleofherhometown.Butitwasthewordsoftheordinarywomenfolkwhich Loroupevaluedthemost.Youdid agoodjob,theytoldher.Youshowedusthatwomen can besuccessfuljustlikemen. Wearenotuseless. 2Inacountrywheremostpeoplethinkwomenaresupposedtostayhomeandcarefor thekids,Loroupesvictorymeanta lot.ItwasthefirsttimeablackAfricanwomanhadever wonamajormarathon,andthetriumphprovidedherindependence,bothfinanciallyand culturally.ItalsogavehertheopportunitytostandupforherselfandherKenyansisters. 3MaleathleteshavemadeKenyasynonymouswithsuccessinlong-distancerunning, butwomenarediscouragedfromcompetingbeyondtheageof 16,whentheyareexpectedto starta family.Mostpeoplethinkthatifawomangoesoutofthecountry,shewill be spoiled,thatshewilllearnmorethantheothers,andthatwhentheytellherto do something,sh.ewillsayno.Duetothissituation,Kenyanmalerunnershave gained internationalsuccess,whilethefemalerunnershavebeenleftathome. 4TheKen归nssuccessindistancerunningbeganatthe1968OlympicGamesin MexicoCity,whereKepKeinocapturedthegold inthe1,500-meters.Thedominationby Kenyanmenacrossalldistancerunning,fromroadracestocross-country,stemsfrom youngstersrunningmanymilesto school each day,anutritiousdiet,thebenefitsof livingat highaltitudeandhaving nodiversionsfromothersports. 5Loroupe,now25,recallsherearlyrunningdaysandthediscouragementshe receivedfromothers.Whensheranto school,themeninhertribewouldtellhershewas wastinghertime.Theydidntwantme to dosports,shesaid.ButLoroupe,fromatown calledKapenguriaontheUgandanborder,about400 milesfromNairobi,beganrunningfor thesamereasonmostofthemendid-to avoid beinglatefor school.Ifyouwerelate,they betyou,shesaid. 772 6Oneof sevenchildren,Loroupeswasatraditionalfamily,andherparentstooka longtimetobe convincedthatshewasnotwastingherlife.Theywantedtheirdaughterto give uptheidea of finishing school soshecouldstayathomeandlookafterheryounger siblings.Butsheinsistedon goingandcontinuingtoruneventhough,as a child,she developedproblemswithherlungs. 7Loroupes family is amemberoftheBokottribe,nomadswhooncedrovetheir cattleacrosstheplains ofKenya.NowtheygrazethemonranchesliketheoneLoroupegrew up on.Asa child,Loroupeusedtochasethefamilyscattleherdforup to 12 miles,and lookingbackon it now,shesaysitwasgreattraining.Themoresheranhowever,themore distanceLoroupeputbetweenherselfandtheexpectationsofhersociety.Andhavingbeen overlookedfourtimesbytheKenyaAmateurAthleticsAssociationformajorchampionships bothnationallyandinternationally,sheeventuallyhadtotravelabroadforopportunities.It wasinGermanythatAnneRoberts,theelite-athletecoordinatoroftheNewYorkCity Marathon,firstdiscoveredLoroupeshugetalent. 8Thelaunchingpadforhersuccessbeganin 1994whenRobertsinvitedLoroupeto takepartintheNewYorkCityMarathon.Winningit gaveherthedeterminationandcourage topursueherdreams,despitetheproblemsbackhome.RobertshasmarvelledatLoroupes determinationto succeed,andtheobstaclesshehasovercome.Ithinkshehasaverystrong senseofwhats fairandwhatisnt,shesaid.Whenyourerunningeverywhere,to school,togettheGOwsin,alloverthethousandacres offarm,andyourerunningwith yourbrothersandyourebeating,themshefoughtlongandhardtogetoutofthe countryto compete. 9Hervictories mNewYorkandRotterdamhavesmoothedwrinkledrelationships backhome.InApril1997,LoroupewontheNewYorkCentralParkCityMarathon.In Octoberofthesameyear,shewontheWorldHalfMarathonin Slovakia,settingaworld championshiprecordof 1hour,8minutesand14 seconds.AlthoughLoroupedeveloped a kneeinjuryfromover useduringthefall of 1997,sherecovered,andinApril1998sheseta worldrecordof2hours,20minutes,47secondsintheWomensMarathonin Rotterdam.NowmanypeopleexpectLoroupeto gofurtherandbecomethefirstwomanto rununder2,20,00-abarrieronlybrokenbv amalemarathonrunnerin 1953,whenBritain 773 JimPetersclocked 2:18:40.Theseworldrecordsandherpromisingfuturehavechangedthe attitudesofKenyanpeople. 10Loroupenowlives inGermany,whereshesharesahousewithTanzanianand Ethiopianmalerunners,aswellasotherKenyans.ThesedaysLoroupeisshowingconfidence abouthercareerinrunning,butistakingitstepbystep.Shetrains100milesperweek, whilemanyofherrivalslog 180 miles.At25yearsofage,sherealizesthatsheisstillyoung andinexperienced,andknowsthereisplentyoftime.AsaKenyanwoman,sheknowsthe meaningofthewordspatienceandstrength,especially patience. Qu四tions1-10Directions: ReadPassage1andfindwhichtheunderlinedword(s)ineachofthefollowingsentences referto. 1.WhenTeglaLoroupereturnedhometoKenyafromwinningtheNewYorkCity Marathonin 1994,shewaspresentedwithninecattle,16sheepandsomelandbythe gratefulpeople ofherhometown.(paragraph1) 2.Youdid agoodjob,theytoldher.(paragraph1) 3.Italso gavehertheopportunitytostandup forherselfandherKenyansisters. (paragraph2) 4.Mostpeoplethinkthatifawomangoesoutofthecountry,shewill bespoiled,. (paragraph3) 5.Theydidntwantme to dosports,shesaid.(paragraph5) 6.NowtheygrazethemonranchesliketheoneLoroupegrewup on.(paragraph7) 7.Asa child,Loroupeusedtochasethefamilyscattleherdfor up to 12miles,and lookingbackon itnow,shesaysitwasgreattraining.(paragraph7) 8.Winningit gaveherthedeterminationandcouragetopursueherdreams,despitethe problemsbackhome.(paragraph8) 9.Ithinkshehasaverystrongsenseofwhats fairandwhatisnt,shesaid. (paragraph8) 10.ThesedaysLoroupeisshowingconfidenceabouthercareerinrunning,butistaking itstepbystep.(paragraph10) 774 PartII Read Passage 2andchooseeitherA,BorC to complete eachofthefollowing statements.Write A,BorC onyo町answersheet.(30points,3 pointseach) Passage 2 TheTechnol句3BuyersGuide Home Control Center Rex-l0is acomputercontrolledminispeakerthatactslike awatchdogbarkingwhen itdetectsmotion.It stheperfectprotectionwhenyoureoutoftown.(800-843-532; $ 200) ffiMsHome Director is amultitaskingPCthatletshomeownerscreateandrundaily routinesaroundthehouse. Preset tasks each day or on a weekly basis.Come home to freshly baked apple pie,a vacuumed house,nearly any wish cometrue.(800-426-7235; $ 99 and up) IntelectronsLanternsareattractiveoutdoorlightsthatturnOn atdusk,thenswitchto fullbrightnesswhenevertheydetectmovement.(510-732-6790;$35to$55) ParksTemperature Controlmakesfor even dailytemperaturecontrolandsavesup to 20%off ahomeownersenergybill. (800-725-9162; $ 250 to $375) Home Entertainment Via TV Videophone isjustwhatyou need toshowthegrandparentshowthekidsare growingupwhiletalkingwiththemoverthephone.Themachineworksviaregularphone lines (888-843-9898; $550). ZenithZ32 Color TV is awide-screenTVthatwill bethecenterpiece ofyourhome theater.Ithasjustaboutthesharpestpictureat 32inches(847-398100;$1,650). sem由eiserHD580Pn到dsionH回dphonesarejustwhat you need to experience crisp solitary listening. An experienceyoullwant after a hard day attheoffice (860-434-9190; $ 349). Nintendo 64isa video-gameboxguaranteedtogiveyoumorethrillthanany action-packedmovie (800-255-3700; $149). KitchenHelpers KrupsEspresso Novo 4000Programaticcoffeemakermakescoffeefrommildtovery strong.Ithas a microchip-monitoredsteampump.(800-526-5377; $ 349. 99) 775 Capresso isthebeangrinder-digitalcoffeemakerthatshouldbeineveryones house.Youcanprogrammeit up to 10hoursso you candependon fresh coffee anytime. (201-767-3999; $ 230) SharpMultipleChoice Microwavetellsyouwhattoputontheplateandhow long to cook it.Thedigital screen can tellyouhowto bake apples,cutdownonyoursaltintake,and muchmore.(800-be-sharp;$189to$199) Panasonic Electronic RiceCkernotonly cooks ricebutsteamsvegetablesandhasa fuzzy-logic chipthatmakesmanycooking decisions for you.Itcan beset13hoursin advance towhipupyourdinner. (800-366-4308;$160to$170) Office Pro-26Doc1皿田itShredder,destroys top-secretmemos in the comfort of your home.Two pages canbeshredded like spaghetti ins配onds.(800-351-7222;$ 50) QuickcamVCsVid创)Conferencingvia the Net allows you toworkathomeandletthe officeinteractwithyou face-to-face.(800-950-5880; $129) BrothersMFCMultipurpose ColorPrintercombinesascanner,copier,faxanddigital answeringmachine allinone. (800-284-4329; $ 799) KensingtonSmartsocketswithitscolor-codingsystemandspaced-outsocketswill keep 、， u d A哇 hb o $ 199) Relaxation La-z-boyMaximis a hightechwayto reclinethatletsyou catch up on allthesleep youvemissedwhile youaretreatedtoheatand abackmassage,allrunoffacentral computersystem.Ifyoucanttakeyourmindoffbusiness,justpluginyourlaptoptothe armrestphonejack.Betterstillsitback and enjoyyourfavoritemusicwiththebuilt-insound system,itsgoteverythingyoullneed. (800-625-3246;$760to$850). Sony Web TV is designed for laid-backNetsurfing.Grabhold ofWebTVs wireless 776 keyboard.thenyou can casuallycruisetheinformationhighwayontheTV.restingthebody withoutrestingthemind(800-772-sony;$200 to$300). PanasonicGreatEscapeletsyousitback.relax.andenjoy ashiatsumassage.Greatfor relievingstress(201-348-9090;$2.500to$3.400). Transportation SandiaNational BusPotholeFixercomescompletewithscannersthatspotholes cleaners to clearawaydebris.andnozzlestoshootfillermaterialinthehole as itdrivesover.taking itspassengerstotheirdestination.Tobe commercialized soon. Hypercarisdesignedtoimprovecarefficiency.Ithasascootersizedenginewithagas turbinecellthatprovides aconstantsourceof electricity.Itisquiet.safe,nearly95%less pollutingthanaconventionalcar.andgetsbetween100and200milespergallon.Itisbeing testedattheHypercarCenterattheRockyMountainInstitute. Miscellaneous MotorolaCowAlertworksoffacomputerchipandabattery.Asensorsitsinoneof a cowsfourstomachsreadytoalertthefarmerwithinhalfanhourif acowfalls ill.(Motorola U. S.based) HeartthrobBr例K:hnotonlyhas6rubiesand78diamondsbutcarriesachip-controlled light-emittingdevicethatflasheswitheachbeatofthewearersheart.(M.I. T. MediaLab designerHarryWiitston;.,$400,000) SoleAttractionis anewsneakerthattakesvitalinformationfrompotentialmates.All you do isshakehandsandexchangethenecessaryinformation,thenletthesneakersdothe rest.Providedbothof youarewearingthem.a low-level electriccurrentraces alongyour skinssurfaceandontoyourpartner气，coding details on acomputerchip onthesoles ofthe sneakers.(designedbyMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(M.1.T).U. S. ) Questions11-20arebased on Passage 2. 11.TheIBMHomeDirectorsunituses atorunthehome. A.dogsbarkB.multitaskingPC C. videophone 777 12.Parks卫mperatureControl is reported to save up to A.50B.10 C.20 13.TheZenithZ32 comeswitha percent of energy bills. B.phone B.steampump B. organizeyourplugs A. widescreenTV C.hometheater 14.KrupsEspressomakesdifferenttypesof coffeebuttheCapressohasa A.timer C.storagefilter 15.KensingtonSmartsocketsletsyou A.interactwithyourboss C.shreddocuments 16.ThePanasonicGreatEscapemachineletsyou enjoy a A.phonejack C.shiatsumassage 17.TheHypercarisdesignedto be A.safeandefficient C. cheapandeasytorepair 18.FarmerslJanfindoutwhena cow A.needsmilking C. ismissing 19.TheHeartthrobBrooch flasheswhen A.theheartbeats C.thelightisdim 20.ThesoleAttractionsneakersworkoff A.heartbeats B. an electriccurrent C. atimedresponse 778 B.musicsystem B.powerfulandnoisy withtheMotorolaCowAlert. B. issick B. lovestimulatesthejewels Partm Read Passage 3anddecidewbetbertbefollowing statementsaretrueorfalse.WriteTfortrue andFforfalse onyo町answersbeet.(20points,2points臼cb) Passage 3 Mario,a lucky dog? 1Onhis fifty-fifthbirthdaythePresidentdecidedtoreleasesomeprisonersofthe sameageas agestureof goodwill.Nottoomany,butone,sayfromeach ofthetwentyor thirtyovercrowdedprisonsinthesmallstate.Theywouldhave to be carefully selected so as notto givetroubleoncetheywereout,menperhapswhohadbeensolonginprisonthat theyhadceased tohaveanyrealcontactwiththeoutsideworld.Noneofthemwasto betold in advance of his liberty. 2MariowasthereforeastonishedwhenhewascalledtotheGovernors officeone morningandtold hewasto besetfreenextday.Hehadspentalmostthreequartersofhis life ingaol,workingouta lifesentenceforstablingapolicemanto death.Hewasa dull-wittedmanwithnorelationslivingandnofriendsexcepthisprisonmates. 3Thefollowingmorningwasclearandbright.Mariowasgiven noopportunitytosay goodbyetoanyone,butaguardescortedhimtotheprisongatesandwishedhimgood luck.Alone,hesetoffupthelongwhiteroadleading tothetown.Thetraffic,thenoise,the absenceofthesecureprisonwallsterrifiedhim.Presentlyhesatdownbytheside oftheroad tothinka little.Aft二rhehadthoughtfora longtime,for hisbrainworkedslowly,hecame to a decision.Heremainedwherehewas,waitingpatientlyuntilatlasthesawa policecar approaching.Whenitwasnearenough,hedartedoutintotheroad,obliging it tostopwitha squeal ofbrakes.Hehadwithhimalittleknifewhichhehadbeenallowed to use tocarve somewoodenfigures fortheprisonchurch.Whentheyoungpolice officergotoutofthecar demandingtoknowwhatwaswrong,Mariostabbedhimveryneatlyjustbehindthe rightear. Questions21-30arebased on Passage3. 21.ThePresidentdecided to releasesomeprisonersbecausehethoughtitwouldlook good as asignof kindness. 779 22.Theprisonerschosento bereleasedweremenwhohadalwaysbeen well-behaved. 23. Mariowasastonishedbecause hehadbeentoldhisreleasebeforehand. 24.FromthepassageweunderstandthatMariohadbeeninprisonall hisadultlife. 25.Whenhewasintheroadoutsidetheprison,Mariofoundthathewasterrifiedof beingalone. 26.Mariothoughtfor a longtime,becausehewasadull-wittedman. 27.WhenMariodashedintotheroad,thepolicecarstoppedslowly. 28.TheknifethatMariocarriedhadbeenusedtocutfirewood fortheprison. 29. Mario finally decided tostabthepolicemanbe臼usehe wanted to be sent to prison again. 30.FromMariosexample,wecansaythatthePresidentsucceeded inhisplan. PartN Read Passage 4andanswerthefollowingqu臼tions.Makeyouranswers asshortandclear部 possible.(20points,4pointseach) Passage 4 The Pleasures ofEating 1Thefirstmanwhocookedhisfood,insteadofeatingitraw,lived so longagothat we have no ideawh6hewasorwherehe lived. We doknow,however,thatforthousandsof years,foodwasalwayseatencoldandraw.Perhapsthefirstcooked foodwasheated accidentally by aforestfire or bythemoltenlavafromaneruptingvolcano. Nodoubt,when peoplefirsttastd些odthathadbeencooked,theyfoundittastedbetter.However,even afterthisdiscovery,cooked foodmusthaveremainedararityuntilmanlearnedhowtomake andcontrolfire. 2Earlypeopleswholived inhotregions coulddependontheheatofthesuntocook theirfood.Forexample,inthedesertareasofthesouthwesternUnitedStates,theIndians cookedtheirfood by placing it on aflatstoneinthehotsun.Theycooked pieces ofmeatand thincakesofcornmeal inthisfashion. 3Wecanimaginethattheearliestkitchenutensilwasastickto which a piece ofmeat could beattachedandheldovera fire.Laterthisstickwasreplaced by anironrodorspit whichcould beturnedfrequentlyto cookthemeaton all sides. 780 4Cookingfood inwaterwasimpossiblebeforemanlearnedtomakewatercontainers thatcouldnotbedestroyedby fire.Thefirstcookingpotswerereedorgrassbasketsin whichsoupsandstewscouldbe cooked. Asearlyas 1600B.C.,theEgyptianshadlearnedto makemorepermanentcookingpotsoutofsandstone.Manyyearslater,theEskimoslearned tomakesimilarpans. 5TheNorthAmericanIndiansadoptedadifferentmethodof cookingtheirfood.They placedtheirfood inskinbagsorbirchbarkkettles,thendroppedhotstonesinwiththe food.Whenthestonescooled off,theIndiansreplacedthemwithhotstones.TheIndians continuedtoaddfreshhotstonestothecontainersuntilthefoodwascooked. 6RecordsleftbytheancientEgyptianssho