大学英语bookunitPPT课件

.,1,2.After-ClassReading,1.In-ClassReading,PartTwo,Reading-CenteredActivities,.,2,PartTwo:Reading-centeredActivitiesIn-ClassReading,In-ClassReading,TakeRisksWhenTheresNoDanger,GlobalReading,DetailedReading,Post-Reading,.,3,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingGlobalReading,Pre-ReadingQuestions,OrganizationAnalysis,QuestionsandAnswers,Discussion,GlobalReading,.,4,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingGlobalReadingPre-ReadingQuestions,1.Pre-ReadingQuestions,Whatdoyouusuallysaywhenyoupartwithyourfriends?Ifyourfriendsays“Takerisks”atparting,howwillyoufeel?Discussinpairstheabovetwoquestions.,Sample1,Sample2,.,5,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingGlobalReadingOrganizationAnalysis,2.OrganizationAnalysis,PartI(Para.1-2),Totakecareortotakerisks?,Thenegativeeffectofnottakingrisks.,Thenecessityoftakingrisks.,Whyshouldwetakerisks?,Mainidea,Tobecontinued,.,6,2.OrganizationAnalysis,Part2(Para.3-9)Whydontpeopletakerisks?,Part3(Para.10-13)Whatsthedifferencebetweenriskanddanger?(amanagersgoodexampleoftakingrisk),Part4(Para.14-16)Howtotakeriskinaproperway?,Determinewhetherthereisdanger.,Theauthorssuggestionabouttakingrisksifthereisnodanger.,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingGlobalReadingOrganizationAnalysis,.,7,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingGlobalReadingQuestionsandAnswers,3.QuestionsandAnswers,1)Whatattitudeshouldweholdtoward“warningstobecareful”accordingtotheauthor?Why?(Para.1),Weshouldnttakethemseriouslyinanycases,sincetheycouldhavenegativeeffectsinhabitonesdevelopment.,2)Whydontpeopletakerisks?(Para.3),Manypeoplebelievethatriskbringsdangerbecauseourlanguageconfusesdangerwiththepossibilitiesofdiscomfortordisprovalthatriskbrings.,Tobecontinued,.,8,3)Whatstheoutcomeyoumayhavebytakingrisksaccordingtothispassage?(Para.8),Youmayexperiencemilddiscomfort,suchasthemomentoffrustration,insteadofbeingkilledorfallingtopieces.,4)Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thosestrongexpressions”?(Para.9),Theyrefertosomealarmingthoughts,suchas“Idfalltopieces.”,Tobecontinued,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingGlobalReadingQuestionsandAnswers,.,9,5)Whatsthedifferencebetweenriskanddanger?(Para.10),Riskexistswhenanoutcomeisuncertain.Dangerexistswhenyouarephysicallyinjuredandharmed.,6)Whatdoyouthinkofthemanager?(Para.11-13),Themanagerisagoodexampleofthepeoplewhoshedawayfromtakingrisks,frightenedbytheuncertainoutcome.Fortunately,afterovercomingtheexcessiveanxiety,hefinallysucceededinhispublicspeechandevenmadeapositiveandsuccessfulleader.,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingGlobalReadingQuestionsandAnswers,.,10,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingGlobalReadingDiscussion,4.Discussion,YouhavereadthearticleTakeRisksWhenTheresNoDanger,inwhichitsaystakingseriouslythewords“Takecare”couldinhibitonesdevelopmentandonewillbeextremelysuccessfulifhe/shetakesmorerisks.Doyoubelieveso?Stateyourreasonswithyourexperienceasoneexample.,Sample,.,11,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReading,Passage-Reading,DetailedReading,UnderstandingSentences,WordStudy,HowtoStartanEnglishSentence,.,12,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingPassage-Reading,TakeRisksWhenTheresNoDangerManyofushavegrownupwithwarningstobecareful.Whenpeopleleaveoneanother,forexample,theyoftensay,“Takecare.”Takingthesewordsseriouslycouldinhibityourdevelopment.1Imaginehowdifferentlyyoumighthavedevelopedifyourfriendsandfamilysaidtoyou,“Takerisks.”Pausetoconsiderhowdifferentyoumightbe.Doyouimaginethatifyoutakemorerisksinthefutureyouwillbeextremelysuccessful?2Ordoesthethoughtcrossyourmindthatyoumightbecomephysicallyinjuredorharmed?,Tobecontinued,.,13,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingPassage-Reading,3Whendealingwithrisks,manypeopleoftenbelievethatriskbringsdanger.Thisisbecauseourlanguageconfusesdangerwiththepossibilitiesofdiscomfortordisapprovalthatriskbrings.Whenconsideringtakingarisk,somepeoplewillimagine:“IfImnotcareful,hellkillme!”“Iwouldjustdie!”“Iwouldfalltopieces!”Canyouthinkofsimilarexpressions?Ifyoucoloryourthoughtsaboutthefuturewithalarmingthoughts,youwillinhibityouraction.However,thosealarmsarefalsealarms.,Tobecontinued,.,14,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingPassage-Reading,Thosemistakenexpressionsdonotdescribewhatactuallyhappenswhenyoutrytochangesomething.Youarenotlikelytobekilledorfalltopieces.Iftheoutcomeisntwhatyouhadhoped,youmayexperiencesomemilddiscomfort,andthatsall.Milddiscomfortispartoftheriskforachievingfinalsuccess.Whenthosestrongexpressionsbotheryou,youwonttakearisk.Theonlythingsthatwillbe“killed”areyourinitiative,yourconfidence,andyouradvancement.Youcanadvanceyourcareerbyknowingthedifferencesbetweenriskanddanger.4Heresthedifference:Riskiswhenanoutcomeisuncertain.Dangeriswhenyourfleshwillbetorn.,Tobecontinued,.,15,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingPassage-Reading,Somenewideassucceed.Somedont.Theriskoffailuredoesnotmakethefuturedangerous.Yourfleshwillnotgettornduringmostchanges.Formanypeople,5publicspeakingisagreatexampleofconfusingriskwithdanger.Iknowamanagerwhousedtobefrightenedbythethoughtofspeakinginfrontofanaudience.Ofcourse,hedidnotknowwhattheoutcomewouldbebeforehisfirstspeech.Insteadofthinkingthatitwasonlyarisk,hecreatedexcessiveanxietyasifitwasdangerous.Eventhoughheknewitwasnotlikely,heimaginedthattheaudiencemightthrowobjectsathim,orattackhimlikeanangrycrowd.,Tobecontinued,.,16,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingPassage-Reading,6Whileanxious,hetooktheriskandgavehisfirstspeech.Hefoundthattheaudiencewascasuallysupportive.Withhisnewskill,hehasdevelopedintoamorepositive,successfulleader.Hestillmakesafewmistakesduringhisspeeches.Butnoaudiencehasevertornhisflesh!Eachtimeyoudosomethingnewordifferent,youarefacedwitharisk.Thenexttimeyoufaceuncertaintyaboutthefuture,separateriskfromdanger.7Ifyouknowthatdangerislikely,Isuggestthatyouavoidthedangeroussituationunlessyouknowthatyoucanmanagethedanger.,Tobecontinued,.,17,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingPassage-Reading,Ifyoudeterminethatdangerisnotlikely,thenthinkaboutpossibleresultsthatmayoccurinthefuture.Ifitseemsthefutureissafe,putyourplansintopractice.Youdonthavetobecertainaboutwhatwillhappenbeforeyoutakeaction.Youcanusethesedanger-free,risk-takingstrategiesimmediately.Thenexttimeyouleavesomeone,noticeiftheotherpersonsays,“Takecare.”Surpriseyourfriendbysaying“Takerisks!”,EndofPassage,.,18,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,1.Imaginehowdifferentlyyoumighthavedevelopedifyourfriendsandfamilysaidtoyou,“Takerisks.”,Translation,想象一下，假定你的朋友和家人对你说的是：“去冒冒险吧”，那么你的发展又会是多么的不同。,Comments,Payattentiontotheuseofsubjunctivemood.,UnderstandingSentences,本句主句从句都用了虚拟语气：从句是一个与现在情况相反的虚拟条件句。而主句用“mighthavedone”这种结构来表示主观猜测“本来可能，但事实上却没有”。与其结构类似的还有：“canhavedone”（表示“本来能，但事实上却没有”，比“mighthavedone”语气强烈一些）；“musthavedone”（表示比较肯定的猜测“一定已经”）；“shouldhavedone”（表示“原本应该，但事实上却没有”)；,Tobecontinued,.,19,Examples,1)Youmightatleasthaveansweredmyletter.2)Theyshouldnthaveleftsosoon.3)Youneednthavetoldthemthat.4)Theycanthavegonethatfar.,BacktotheText,“needhavedone”（表示“原本需要，但事实上却没有”）。其中“mighthavedone”；“canhavedone”；“musthavedone”的否定形式都是“canthavedone”，表示“原本不可能发生的事情却发生了”。还有“shouldhavedone”的否定形式是“shouldnthavedone”,表示“原本不应该,但事实上却”）。“needhavedone”的否定形式为“neednthavedone”,表示“原本不需要,但事实上却”。,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,Comments,.,20,2.Ordoesthethoughtcrossyourmindthatyoumightbecomephysicallyinjuredorharmed?,Comments,Payattentiontotheuseofappositiveclause.,UnderstandingSentences,Backtothetext,Translation,或者说，你的脑海里是否出现过自己身体会受到伤害的念头？,Paraphrase,Ordoyouthink(doesitoccurtoyou)thatyoumightbephysicallyinjuredorharmed?,本句中that引导的句子是主语thought的同位语从句。,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,.,21,3.Whendealingwithrisks,manypeopleoftenbelievethatriskbringsdanger.,Comments,Payattentiontotheuseofparticiples.,UnderstandingSentences,Backtothetext,Examples,以上句子中when引导的状语从句，因为其主语跟后面主句中的主语一致，所以省略了主语，只以分词结构的形式出现（当其谓语与主句的主语是主动的关系，就用现在分词形式，若是被动关系就用过去分词），有时甚至会省略连词when。,1)(When)gettingoutofbed,hehithistoeonthetable.2)Giventime,hewillmakeafirstclassrunner.,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,.,22,4.Heresthedifference:Riskiswhenanoutcomeisuncertain.Dangeriswhenyourfleshwillbetorn.,Translation,这两者的区别是：当结果不确定时就有风险，而当你肉体要受到严重伤害时就有危险。,Heresthedifference:Riskexistswhenanoutcomeisuncertain.Dangerexistswhenyouarephysicallyinjuredseriously.,UnderstandingSentences,Backtothetext,Paraphrase,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,.,23,5.,publicspeakingisagreatexampleofconfusingriskwithdanger.,Comments,Payattentiontotheexpressionsusedtoofferoneexampleasonedevelopsoneparagraphtoprovehisview.,UnderstandingSentences,“AisagreatexampleofB”是举例时用到的典型句式，类似表达方式还有：forexample/instance;suchas;asanexample/anotherexample/stillanotherinstance;asanillustration;asfollows;acaseinpointisthat;toillustrate/prove/show/exemplify/provideaspecificcase/giveanexample;takeasanexample.,Tobecontinued,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,.,24,Examples,1)Doingapart-timejobhasmanyadvantages,forinstance,itcanmakeupforourlackofsocialexperience.2)Heisaverymeanperson,asanillustration,heisonlywillingtolendmoneytohissonathighinterest.3)ItsuppliesmewithgreatprofitstoteachforeignersChinese.Toillustrate,Iwillnowgiveyousomeexamples.4)ThecollegeislosingsomeofitsbestteachersbecauseofthelowsalariestheresignationofProfessorQininthedepartmenthistoryisacaseinpoint.5)Ilovelivinginthecountryside,andthereasonsareasfollows.,UnderstandingSentences,Backtothetext,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,.,25,6.Whileanxious,hetooktheriskandgavehisfirstspeech.,Althoughheisanxious(anxiousasheis),hetooktheriskandgavehisfirstspeech.,本句中while引导的让步状语从句因为其主语跟后面主句中的主语一致，所以省略了主语和be动词，只留下了表语形容词。其实在这样的句子中，有时为了表达简洁，甚至可以省略while，那样的话，anxious就变成了主语he的补语。,UnderstandingSentences,Backtothetext,Paraphrase,Examples,1)Young,LiuHulandied.2)(While)old,hekeepslearningEnglish.,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,Comments,.,26,7.Ifyouknowthatdangerislikely,Isuggestthatyouavoidthedangeroussituationunlessyouknowthatyoucanmanagethedanger.,Translation,如果你知道危险存在的可能性很大，那么我建议你避开险情，除非你确信自己能够对付它。,Comments,Payattentiontotheuseofsubjunctivemood.,句中suggest表示“建议”，后面that从句中的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”结构，其中should还可以省略掉。类似用法见Part3FurtherDevelopment中的GrammarReview。但当suggest不表示“建议某人做某事”时，即它用于其本意“暗示、表明”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。,UnderstandingSentences,Tobecontinued,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,.,27,Examples,1)Thedoctorsuggestedthathe(should)trytoloseweight.2)Thisreportsuggeststhatmanystudentshavedroppedoutofschoolinthisuniversity.,UnderstandingSentences,Backtothetext,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingUnderstandingSentences,.,28,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,WordStudy,risk,1.n.thepossibilityofsufferingharmorloss;danger危险；风险,2.v.putindanger;takethechanceoflosing使遭受危险；冒的危险,atrisk在危险中attheriskof冒之险；不顾之风险atallrisks(=atanyrisk)无论冒什么危险；无论如何run/takearisk冒险takenorisks慎重行事run/taketheriskofdoingsth.冒险做某事,riskgettingcaughtinastormriskeverythingonasinglethrow孤注一掷,Expressions,Backtothetext,Hetookariskwhenhecrossedtheoldbridge.,.,29,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,inhibitv.,topreventorholdback抑制；阻止,inhibitsb.fromdoingsth.,inhibitwrongdesiresaninhibitedperson,Backtothetext,WordStudy,topreventfrom(doingsomething),esp.bysomeonecontrollinginfluence妨碍某人做某事,.,30,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,confusev.,1.tomistake(onethingforanother)混淆；混同,confuseblackandwhite,confuseMr.AwithMr.B,2.tocausetobemixedupinthemind使混乱；使迷惑,Wetriedtoconfusetheenemy.,Iwasconfusedbythenoise.,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,31,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,colorv.,1.toimpartcolortoorchangethecolorof上色；给上色,Oliviaiscoloringthepictureinherbook.,2.toexertaninfluenceon;affect施加影响；影响,Thewarcoloredthelivesofallofus.,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,32,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,initiative,1.n.thepowerorabilitytostartthings,especiallywithoutbeingtoldtodoso主动性，进取心,individualinitiative;wininitiative,2.n.thefirstmovementoractionwhichstartssomethinghappening带头；主动的行为,taketheinitiativeintryingtosolvetheproblem,3.adj.usedtoinitiate;initiatory起初的；初步的,initiativespirit主动精神,havetheinitiative掌握主动权；有优先权ononesowninitiative主动地；taketheinitiative带头；倡导,Expressions,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,33,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,advance,1.tomoveorcausetomoveforward向前移动,2.toputforward;proposeorsuggest提出；提议,Thetroopsadvanced.,Theyadvancedmanyreasonableproposals.,3.toaidthegrowthorprogressof促进、帮助的生长或进步，发展,advanceonescareer;advanceproductionenergetically,v.,Tobecontinued,WordStudy,.,34,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,1.theactorprocessofmovingorgoingforward前进；向前移动,Hisadvancewasslow.,n.,2.aforwardmove,astowardanobjective;progress进展；进步,anadvanceingeneticengineering,madeorgivenaheadoftime提前完成或提前给予的,adj.,anadvancepayment预付款,Expressions,inadvance:aheadoftime;beforehand提前；预先inadvanceof:infrontof;aheadof在前面；在之前,Tobecontinued,WordStudy,.,35,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,advance指“向某一目标或方向前进的运动或效果,并常强调前进的终点”,如：Omote作“提升”解时可与advance通用；它强调“促使某种事业向前发展以达到预期的结果,并侧重于对该人或事物(尤指公开性质)的赞助和鼓励”,如：Johnwaspromoted/advancedfromaclerktoamanager.Agress则指“稳定、经常的进步”,这种进步可能有间隔,常用于抽象事物,如：Oceed多指“继续前进”,如：Thisbeingdone,letsproceedtothenext.,辨析,advance,promote,progress,proceed都含有“前进”的意思。,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,36,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,whileconj.,1.aslongas;duringthetimethat只要；在时间里,Itwaslovelywhileitlasted.,2.atthesametimethat;although在同时；尽管，虽然,Whilethegrandparentslovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.,3.whereas;and然而；而，而且,Thesolesareleather,whiletheuppersarecanvas.,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,37,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,-free,suffix:freeof/freefrom表示“无的、免除的”,salt-freefoods不含盐的食物,atrouble-freejourney一次非常顺利的旅行,worry-freechildhood无忧无虑的童年,crossonesmind,(anidea,thought)comingintosomeonesmindforashorttime;occurtosomebody突然想起，突然掠过脑际,Agoodideahasjustcrossedmymind.,Backtothetext,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,38,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,dealwith,1.handle;takeactionabout处理，对付,belikelyto,possessordisplaythequalitiesorcharacteristicsthatmakesomethingprobable可能,Howshallwedealwiththisproblem?Heiseasytodealwith.,2.beabout;beconcernedwith关于；涉及,abookdealingwithWestAfrica,Theyarelikelytobecomeangrywithhim.,Backtothetext,Tobecontinued,WordStudy,.,39,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,likely,possible,probable意思都含“可能的”。,辨析,likely系常用词,指“从表面迹象来看很有可能”,如：Thelikelyoutcomeofthecontestvariesfrommomenttomoment.possible指“由于有适当的条件和方法,某事可能发生或做到”,强调“客观上有可能”,但常含有“实际希望很小”的意思,如：Ibable语气比possible强,指“有根据、合情理、值得相信的事物,带有大概、很可能”的意思,如：ldontthinkthestoryisprobable.这三个词还有一个区别：likely前面的主语可以是人或物甚至形式主语it，而后两个前面的主语只能是物，且大多数情况下都是形式主语it。如：Sheisnotlikelytocomenextmonth.Itisverylikelythathewillnotconsent.Thetrainislikelytobelate.,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,40,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,usedto,(=would)indicatingaconstantorfrequentpracticeinthepast过去经常,Thereusedtobelowanddirtyhouses.Ourcompanyusedtodobusinesswiththeirs.,insteadofadv.,inplaceof;ratherthan代替，而不是,Illorderchickeninsteadoffish.,Backtothetext,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,41,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,developv.,1.tocomeorbringgraduallytoalarger,morecomplete,ormoreadvancedstate;(causeto)groworincrease发展；扩展；（使）增长，成长,Theydoexercisestodeveloptheirmuscles.Fromsmallbeginningsithasdevelopedintoabigcompany.,WordStudy,2.tocometohavegradually逐渐产生；获得；培养出来,Shehasdevelopedaninterestininternationalaffairs.,Backtothetext,.,42,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,befacedwith,havetodealwithsomethingbadordifficult;beconfrontedwith面对；面临着,confront和face都含“面对”的意思。,Wearefacedwithacrisis.(Acrisisfacedus.),辨析,confront指“遇到”、“面对”、“使对立”，此词是正式用语，如：Sheconfrontedthevitalquestionofbeingbankrupt.face指“正视”、“面对”、“不想逃避”，属口语体，语气比confront强，如：Letsfacethefactsinsteadofevadingthem.,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,43,PartTwo:In-ClassReadingDetailedReadingWordStudy,putintopractice,startusingaplan,idea,etc.开始实施,Heiseagertoputwhathehaslearntintopractice.,Backtothetext,WordStudy,.,44,HowtoStartanEnglishSentence,InChinese,wefrequentlybeginasentencewiththesubject.ButEnglishsentenceisenrichedwithvarietiesofbeginnings.InordernottowritemonotonousEnglishsentencesinourcomposition,wecouldusethefollowingtechniquestochangethebeginningofonesentence.,.,45,BeginwiththeParticiple,以分词开头,Wakingupinthemorning,Idressedquickly.(When)Dealingwithrisks,manypeopleoftenbelievethatriskbringsdanger.,e.g.,BeginwithanInfinitive,以不定式开头,e.g.,Towinthematch,thevolleyballplayerspracticedveryhard.,BeginwithanAdjective,以形容词开头,e.g.,Intelligentandhardworking,thegirlpassedthetest.Anxious,hetooktheriskandgavehisfirstspeech.,Tobecontinued,.,46,BeginwithanAdverb,以副词开头,e.g.,e.g.,e.g.,Finally,thetimefordecisionhadcome.,BeginwithanAppositive,以同位语开头,Anexpertinforestfirecontrol,theforestrangertalkedtothecampersaboutsafetyinthewoods.,BeginwithanAdverbialClause,以状语从句开头,Whenhewasfour,hebegantotakemusiclessonsfromhismother.,ClicktoGotoExercises,.,47,Practice,Altertheformsofthefollowingsentencesaccordingtotherequirementinthebrackets.,1.Thepioneerwasstrongandhealthyandlivedtobe112yearsold.(usingadj.),2.Tombeganhistravelsataveryearlyageandhadmanyunusualandcolorfuladventures.(usingparticiples),Beginninghistravelsataveryearlyage,Tomhadmanyunusualandcolorfuladventures.,Strongandhealthy,thepioneerlivedtobe112yearsold.,Tobecontinued,.,48,3.TheuniversitywillopenonSeptember19unlesscircumstanceforcesapostponement.(usingadverbialclause),4.Thevisitingspeaker,afamousoperasinger,toldofhisexperiencesworkingatLaScalaOperaHouse.(u