呼吸系统--组织学和胚胎学PPT课件

,Respiratorysystem,.,2,Respiratorysystem,.,3,Nasalcavity,pharynx&larynx.Trachea&bronchi.Lung.,.,4,一、trachea,.,5,trachea(HE),Mixedgland,.,6,EM:epitheliumoftrachea,4.SmallgranuleC,1.CiliatedC,2.BrushC,3.GobletC,5.BasalC,.,7,Thewalloftrachea,1.Mucosa=epithelium+laminapropriapseudostratiatedciliatedcolumnarCiliatedC,gobletC,brushC,basalC,smallgranularC.2.Submucosa=CT+mixedglands3.Adventitia=16-20Cshapedhaylinecartilagerings.,.,8,atmosphere&alveolialveoli&blood(blood&tissue),Gasexchange,二、lung,.,9,LungLowpower,.,10,lung,parenchyma:bronchialtrees&alveoli.Principalbronchi(Br)lobular、segmentalBrsmallerBrbronchioleterminalbronchiolerespiratorybronchiolealveolarduct、alveolarsacalveoli.Conductionportion:aboveterminalbronchioles.Respiratoryportion:respiratorybronchioletoalveoli.Pulmonarylobule:bronchioleanditsramifications.,.,11,ConductionportionlobularBr&smallBr,EpitheliumGobletCGlandsCartilageplateSMC,.,12,Conductionportionbronchiole&terminalbrochiole,Simpleciliatedcolumnar.GobletC（）Gland（）Cartilageplate（）SMC,.,13,Rulesofstructuralvarianceinconductingportion,.,14,RespiratoryportionRespiratorybronchiole,ThewallisinterruptedSimplecuboidalEpi,claraCSMC,.,15,RespiratoryportionAlveolarduct&alveolarsac,Thewall,manyalveoliSMC*Simplecuboidal,squamous,Alveolarduct,Alveolarsac,NoSMC*,.,16,Respiratoryportionalveolus,肺泡管,SimplealveolarEpi.,.,17,(1)Respiratoryportion,#constituents：respiratorybronchiole，alveolarduct，alveolarsac，alveolus。1.RespiratorybronchioleThewall,fewalveoliopeninto.SimplecuboidalEpi,SMC.,.,18,(2)Respiratoryportion,2.Alveolarduct&alveolarsacThewall,manyalveoliopeninto.KnobsinthewallofalveolarductKnobsissphincter-likeSMC.,.,19,(3)Respiratoryportion,3.alveolus:typeIalveolarCtypeIIalveolarCalveolarseptum.,.,20,TypeIIalveolarC,macrophage,Elasticfiber,.,21,typeIalveolarC,.,22,TypeIIalveolarC,OsmiophilicMultilamellarbodies,.,23,blood-airbarrier,.,24,Alveoli,TypeIcellsquamous,coveredmostsurfaceofthealveoli.,TypeIIcellLM:roundorcuboidal,cellbodyprotrudeintothelumen.EM:osmiophilicmultilamellarbody,withabundantphospholipids.Functions:secretsurfactant,reducesurfacetension,stabilizealveoli.,.,25,Alveolarseptum:continuousCap.,elasticfiber.macrophagedustC.blood-airbarrierincludes:1.mucuslayeronsurfaceofalveoli2.typeIalveolarC3.BMofalveolarC4.delicatelayerofCT5.continuousCap.BM6.continuousCap.Endothelium.,.,26,Terminalbronchiole,Respiratorybronchiole,Alveolarduct,Alveolarsac,1,2,3,4,.,27,Rulesofstructuralvarianceinrespiratoryportion,.,28,Alveolarepithelialcell,TypeIcellcannotregenerate.TypeIIcellcandifferentiateintoTypeIcell.,*,.,29,keypoints,Thebasicstru