自动化专业英语课后习题答案

自动化专业英语,课后作业答案,1.1IntroductiontoProcessControl,2.Putthefollowingintochineseperformance性能processplant过程系统processcontrol过程控制reference参考operatingconditions运行条件disturbance扰动，干扰Automaticcontrol自动控制Manualcontrol手动控制，人工控制Perfectcontrol完美控制Feedbackcontrol反馈控制Setpoint设定值Controlledvariable被控变量,2,3PutthefollowingintoEnglish带搅拌加热器stirred-tankheater密度density比热容specificheatcapacity热容heatcapacity热损失heatloss负反馈negativefeedback正反馈positivefeedback前馈控制策略feedforwardcontrolstrategy控制器controller,3,1.1IntroductiontoProcessControl,1.2Whatisfeedbackandwhatareitseffects?,2.PutthefollowingintochineseStability稳定性sensitivity灵敏度Actuator执行器sensor传感器Transducer传感器linearquadraticregulator线性二次调节器Linearquadratic线性二次型controller控制器Simulation仿真temperature温度Flowrate流速pressure压力Concentration浓度level液位，液面,4,1.2Whatisfeedbackandwhatareitseffects?,3PutthefollowingintoEnglish幅值magnitude相角phase闭环closed-loop开环open-loop可编程逻辑控制器programmablelogiccontroller(PLC)模型model黑箱black-box经验模型empiricalmodel比例proportional比例加微分proportionalplusderivative(PD)比例加积分proportionalplusintegral(PI)比例加积分加微分proportionalplusintegralplusderivative(PID),5,1.3Stabilityofclosed-loopcontrolsystems,2.PutthefollowingintochineseOscillatory振动的damp衰减Unstable不稳定地complexnumber复数Controlledvariable被控变量Manipulatedvariable操纵变量Loadvariable负载变量error误差Processtransferfunction过程传递函数Pole-zerocancellation零极相消Self-regulating自调节,6,1.3Stabilityofclosed-loopcontrolsystems,3PutthefollowingintoEnglish判据criteria拉氏变换Laplacetransform零点zero-point极点pole-point特征方程characteristicequation系数parameter/coefficient偏差变量deviationvariable比较器comparator伺服问题servoproblem给定变化givenchanges负载变化loadfluctuation/variationinload,7,1.4Thedesignprocessofcontrolsystem,2.PutthefollowingintochineseDesign设计decision决定，决策Methodology方法论productivity生产率，生产力Investment投资fundamental基础的Evaluating评价benifit利润，益处Distillationcolumn分裂蒸馏塔Overhead在头上的,高架的processdynamic过程动态Manipulatableinput可操作输入observableoutput可观测输出Measurabledisturbance可测量扰动,8,1.4Thedesignprocessofcontrolsystem,3PutthefollowingintoEnglish控制系统设计controlsystemdesign设计模型designmodel炼油oilrefinery化工chemical(engineering)电力(electric)power造纸paper(making)水泥cement纺织textile塑料plastic钢铁steel(ironandsteel)航空航天aerospace(AeronauticsandAstronautics)再沸器reboiler,9,1.5Controllertunning,2.PutthefollowingintochineseSetting设置tunning整定，调节Trialanderror试差法guideline方针，指南Averagingcontrol平均控制residencetime滞留时间Eliminate消除ultimategain临界增益Time-consuming耗时的continuouscyclingmethod连续周期法Decayratio衰减比率Processreactioncurvemethod过程响应曲线法Ziegler-Nicholstunning齐格勒尼柯尔斯整定法,10,1.5Controllertunning,3PutthefollowingintoEnglish流量控制flowcontrol液面控制levelcontrol压力控制pressurecontrol温度控制temperaturecontrol成分控制compositioncontrol临界增益法ultimategainmethod临界周期ultimatecycling超调overshoot热交换器heatexchanger化学反应器chemicalreactor汽化器vaporization(carburettor),11,2.1Pressuremeasurements,1.PutthefollowingintochineseAtmosphericpressure大气压absolutepressure绝压Gaugepressure表压differentialpressure差压Totalvacuum完全真空diaphragm膜片Capsule膜盒bellow波纹管Bourdontube波登管silicondiaphragm硅膜片,12,2.1Pressuremeasurements,2.PutthefollowingintoEnglish英制Britishsystem公制metricsystem扩散硅压力传感器diffusesiliconpressuresensor压力传感器pressuresensor差压变送器differentialpressuretransmitter压力传感器元件pressuresensorelement波登管压力表Burdontubepiezometer(Burdontubepressuregauges),13,2.2Levelmeasurements,1.PutthefollowingintochineseLevelmeasurement液位测量container容器Interface界面buoyancy浮力Immersed浸没radium镭Capacitiveprobe电容电极nonconductive不导电的Dielectricconstant介电常数sightglass玻璃液面计Float浮体，浮球，浮标levelformula液位公式,14,2.2Levelmeasurements,2.PutthefollowingintoEnglish密度density浮力式液面计buoyancylevelmeter浮球float标尺scale电位计potentiometer导电电极conductiveprobe电容电极capacitiveprobe超声波ultrasonicwave张力式仪表tensiongauge应变仪straingauge荷重传感器loadsensor,15,2.3Flowmeasurements,1.PutthefollowingintochineseFlowrate流速accounting统计，计算Laminarflow层流energylosses能量损失Totalflow总体流量pressureenergy压能Kineticenergy动能potentialenergy势能Restriction约束，限制orificeplate孔板Venturitube文丘里管flownozzle测流嘴Elbow肘，弯管接头rotameter转子流量计Massflow质量流,16,2.3Flowmeasurements,2.PutthefollowingintoEnglish雷诺数Reynoldsnumber流型flowpatterns伯努利方程Bernoulliequation流速flowrate湍流turbulentflow黏度viscosity能量守恒energyconservatism摩擦力friction参考点refrencepoint重力加速度accofgravity连续性方程continuityequation,17,2.4Temperaturemeasurements,2.PutthefollowingintochineseSphere范围fundamentalstandard基本标准Absolutestandard绝对标准thermoeletriceffect热电势效应Resistencechange电阻变化thermography热像仪Thermalexpansion热膨胀resonantfrequency谐振频率Fiberoptic光纤acousticthermometry声测温技术Colorchange颜色变化expensive贵的Ceramicbeaded陶瓷珠状junction连接点,18,2.4Temperaturemeasurements,3.PutthefollowingintoEnglish热电偶thermocouple热电阻thermalresistance冰点freezingpoint沸点boilingpoint固态solid(state)液态liquid(state)气态gaseous(state)国际实用温标Internationalpracticaltemperaturescale(IPTS)物理原理physicalprinciple电动势electromotiveforce(e.m.f)不锈钢stainlesssteel接地的grounded隔离isolated,19,2.5actuators,2.PutthefollowingintochineseControlvalue控制阀valueposition阀门定位Electricmotoractuator电动执行器damper阻尼器Variablespeedpump变速泵diaphramarea膜片面积Pneumaticpressure气压Fail-safeaction自动防护动作air-to-open气开式Packingboxfriction压缩盒摩擦力hysteresis滞后现象Converters转换器gearratio齿轮比