高中英语语法过关辅导课件-状语从句 (2).ppt

(十二)状语从句一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有when，while，as，before，after，whenever，till，until，since，once等。1.when除了作“当时候”解之外，还有“那时(突然)，这时(突然)”之意，常用于下列句式：was/weredoing.when.“正突然”；was/wereaboutto/goingtodo.when.“正要突然”；hadjustdone.when.“刚突然就。”Wewereabouttosetoffonourwaywhenitsuddenlybegantorain.另外，when还可作“既然”解，引出原因状语从句。Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.,2.before除译为“在之前”外，还可译为“还未就”；“不到就”；“才”；“趁着还没就”；“还没来得及就”等。Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.趁你现在没忘把它记下来。BeforeIcouldgetinaword，hehadmeasuredme.我还没来得及插话他就给我量好了尺寸。3.辨析before和sincebefore可构成句型：“itwill(not)be.before.”和“itwas(not).before.”，意为“多久之后才”。Itwontbelongbeforewemeetagain.,ItwassometimebeforeIrealizedtheimportanceofit.since可构成句型：“Itis/hasbeen.since.”，意为“做某事已有多久了；已有多久没做某事了。”ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar.我不吸烟有三年了。ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmoke.我吸烟有三年了。4.辨析while和aswhile和as都可译为“在期间；正当时”，表示主句中的动作和从句中的动作同时发生。但while从句中的谓语动词通常是持续性动词，而as从句中的谓语动词既可是持续性动词，也可是短暂性动词。,Pleasedonttalksoaloudwhileothersareworking.Hehurriedhome，lookingbehindashewent.【注】as还可译为“随着”，表示事态或状况的变化或发展过程。Astheyearswentby，hishairturnedgrey.另外，justas是固定搭配，意为“正当时”。Justashewasleavinghishouse，thetelephonerang.while有时可译为“而，却”，表示上下文的转折对比关系。Helikespopmusic，whileIamfondoffolkmusic.while还有“虽然”之意，引出让步状语从句。WhileIunderstandyourviewpoint，Idontagreewithyou.虽然我理解你的观点，但我不同意。,5.当表达“一就”之意时，可用assoonas，immediately，directly，themoment，theminute等引出状语从句，还可用nosooner.than.，hardly/scarcely.when.等句型。ThemomentIheardthevoice，Iknewfatherwascoming.Wehadnosoonerarrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.Theboyburstintotearsimmediatelyhesawhismother.6.短语everytime，eachtime，nexttime，thefirsttime，anytime，bythetime等也可引导时间状语从句。Every/EachtimeIwasintrouble，hewouldcometohelpmeout.每次我陷入困境时，他就会来帮助我。,二、地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有where，wherever等。ThechurchwasbuiltwheretherehadoncebeenaRomantemple.这座教堂建在一罗马寺庙的旧址上。Thethreadbreakswhereitisweakest.线从最弱的地方断。三、原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有：because，as，since等。AsIhadacold，Iwasabsentfromschool.因为我得了感冒，我缺课了。此外，now(that)，seeing(that)，considering(that)，given(that)等短语也可引导原因状语从句。,Nowthatyouareallhere，letstryandreachadecision.既然你们都在这儿，咱们就设法作出一个决定。ConsideringhesonlybeenlearningEnglishayear，hespeaksitverywell.考虑到他学英语才一年，他讲得很好了。四、条件状语从句引导条件状语从句的连词有：if，unless等。Ifyouhavefinishedyourhomework，youcangooutandplay.Youllfailtheexamunlessyoustudyhard.【注】条件状语从句中通常不用将来时态，要用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时，一般过去时或过去完成时代替过去将来时。,另外，so/aslongas(只要)，incase(万一的话)，onconditionthat(假如；在条件下)，suppose/supposing(that)(假设)，provided/providing(that)(倘若；在条件下)等也可引导条件状语从句。Aslongasyoudontloseheart，youwillsucceed.Incaseanythingimportanthappens，pleasecallmeup.Illcomeonconditionthatmyparentsareinvited，too.五、让步状语从句1.引导让步状语从句的连词主要有：although，though，as，eventhough，evenif。Theywillstandbyyouevenifyoudontsucceed.【注】although和though不可与but连用，但可与yet，still或nevertheless连用。Althoughitwasraininghard，yettheywentonplayingfootball.,2.whether.or.可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管是还是；不论是否”。Youllhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryouarefreeorbusy.不管你忙不忙，你都要参加这个典礼。3.whatever，whoever，whichever，however，whenever，wherever等与nomatterwhat/who/which.等亦可引导让步状语从句，意为“不管；无论。Howeverfaritis，Iintendtodrivetheretoday.Thequalitywillbethesame，whicheverofthemyouchoose.六、方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连词有：as，asif，asthough等。Doasyouaretoldto，oryoullbefired.请按照要求去做，否则你会被开除。,【注】(just)as.so.是一常用句型，意为“正如那样，也一样”；有时so分句中可用倒装语序。JustastheAmericanslikebaseball，sotheBritishlikesoccer.就像美国人喜欢棒球一样，英国人喜欢足球。七、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有：sothat，inorderthat，forfearthat，incase等。Illspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetreeforfearthathisfathershouldseehim.Takeyourraincoatincaseitrains.,八、结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：sothat，so.that.，such.that.。在非正式语体中，由so.that.，such.that.引导的句子中that可以省略。Iwascaughtinashower，sothatallmyclothesgotwet.Itwassodarkthathecouldntseethefacesofhiscompanions.Heissuchamarvelousjokerthatyoucanthelplaughing.过关落实1._hehadnothurthisleg，Johnwouldhavewontherace.A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.When解析：if引导条件状语从句。答案：A,2.Idliketostudylawatuniversity_mycousinprefersgeography.A.thoughB.asC.whileD.for解析：连词while表示转折，意思是“而，可是”。答案：C3.Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths_hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.A.whenB.beforeC.sinceD.that解析：“Itis/was/willbe一段时间before”译为“多长时间之后才”。答案：B,4._Ireallydontlikeart，Ifindhisworkimpressive.A.AsB.SinceC.IfD.While解析：while引导让步状语从句，译为“尽管”；as虽可引导让步状语从句，但从句须倒装。答案：D5.Youwillbesuccessfulintheinterview_youhaveconfidence.A.beforeB.onceC.untilD.though解析：once引导条件状语从句，译为“一旦”。答案：B,6.Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice，_theyknewittobevaluable.A.asifB.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothat解析：“eventhough”means“evenif”，引导让步状语从句。答案：C7.Myparentsliveinasmallvillage.Theyalwayskeepcandlesinthehouse_thereisapowercut.A.ifB.unlessC.incaseD.sothat解析：incase“以防，万一”引导条件状语从句。答案：C,8.“Youcanthavethisfootballback_youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain，”theoldmansaidfirmly.A.becauseB.sinceC.whenD.until解析：not.until意为“直到才”。答案：D9.JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada，_thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where解析：as此处引导状语从句，表原因。答案：A,10.Ifyouaretraveling_thecustomsarereallyforeigntoyourown，pleasedoastheRomansdo.A.inwhichB.whatC.whenD.where解析：where引导地点状语从句。答案：D11.Itsknowntoallthat_youtakeexerciseregularly，willyoukeepgoodhealth.A.unlessB.onlywhenC.althoughD.ifonly解析：注意倒装结构。答案：B,12.Heaskedmejusttositdownanddrinksomewater_Icouldsayanythingaboutmytravelplan.A.whileB.whenC.ifD.before解析：本句中before可译为“还没来得及”。答案：D13.Ihadjustfinisheddoingmyexaminationpapers_thebellrang.A.whenB.whileC.beforeD.after解析：hadjustdone.when表示“刚做完就”。答案：A,