2014年高考江苏省英语真题(详细答案及解析)

2014年高考江苏省英语卷（答案及解析）-易题库教研团队题目：Lessons can be learned to face the future, _ history cannot be changed.选项：AthoughBasCsinceDunless答案：A解析过程：句意：尽管我们不能改变历史，但是我们可以从历史中学到教训从而更好的面对未来。根据句意可知上下文之间存在着转折关系，所以使用though表示让步和转折。故选项A正确。考点定位：考查连词题目：The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication, especially at work _ a good impression is a must.选项：AwhichBwhenCasDwhere答案：D解析过程：句意：在日常交流中这本书帮助了我很多，尤其是在我的工作之中,因为在工作中,良好的印象很重要。通过分析句子成分可知本题考查定语从句,先行词是work.因为后面的定语从句a good impression is a must的句子结构很完整，所以使用关系副词在句中做状语，同时也引导起这个定语从句。AC两项都是关系代词在句中不能做状语，when的先行词通常都是指时间的名词。故选项D正确。考点定位：考查定语从句题目：How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well, the media _ it in a variety of forms.选项：AcoverBwill coverChave coveredDcovered答案：C解析过程：句意：你对即将在南京举行的青年奥运会了解多少？了解的不少，媒体已经以多种形式对青年奥运会举进行了报道。根据本句中的well，可知作者对青年奥运会很了解。本句使用现在完成时强调过去所发生的事情对现在的影响,因为媒体的报道,所产生的结果是作者对青年奥运会很了解。故选项C正确。考点定位：考查时态题目：Tom always goes jogging in the morning and he usually does push-ups too to stay _选项：Ain placeBin orderCin shapeDin fashion答案：C解析过程：句意：为了保持健康，每天早晨Tom总去慢跑，也经常做引体向上。A. in place: 在适当的位置; B. in order: 整齐；秩序井然；按顺序; C. in shape: 处于良好状态; D. in fashion: 流行； 时兴。根据句意，答案选C。考点定位：考查介词短语题目：Top graduates from universities are _ by major companies.选项：AchasedBregisteredCofferedDcompensated答案：A解析过程：句意：大学里的优秀毕业生受到大公司的青睐。A. chased：追求，试图赢得；B. registered：登记；记录；注册；挂号；C. offered：提供；提出；D. compensated：补偿；赔偿；付报酬。根据句意，答案选A。考点定位：考查动词试题目：What a mess! You are always so lazy!Im not to blame, mum. I am _ you have made me.选项：AhowBwhatCthatDwho答案：B解析过程：句意：真乱啊！你总是这么懒！妈妈，你不应该责备我。是你使我成为现在这样的。本题考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句。表语从句通常都是放在系动词be的后面，说明主语的情况。本句中的what引导起宾语从句，并在宾语从句里放在made me的后面做宾语补足语。That在表语从句中不能做成分，how在句中做状语。Who指人，通常都做主语。故B正确。考点定位：考查表语从句题目：She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful _ in last years election.选项：AsymbolBportraitCidentityDstatue答案：A解析过程：句意：两年前她就遭软禁，但她在去年的选举中仍然代表人物。A. symbol: 符号；象征；标志;B. portrait: 肖像；画像；描写C. identity: 一致；身份；特征D. statue: 雕像；塑像。根据意思，答案选A。考点定位：考查名词题目：The idea “happiness, ” _, will not sit still for easy definition.选项：Ato be rigidBto be sureCto be perfectDto be fair答案：B解析过程：句意：可以肯定的是，幸福，不是那么容易定义的。Rigid：僵硬的，死板的；sure：确信的，肯定的，有把握的；perfect：完美的；fair：公平的，公正的；根据意思，答案选B。考点定位：考查插入语题目：The lecture _, a lively question-and-answer session followed.选项：Abeing givenBhaving givenCto be givenDhaving been given答案：D解析过程：句意：他的演讲结束后，将是一个现场问答部分。a lively question-and-answer session followed是一个完整的句子，本题的两部分之间缺少连词，所以逗号前面的不能是句子，只能是一个独立主格结构。名词his lecture与动词give之间构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词表示被动，排除B项。A项表示正在进行，C项不定式表示将要进行。都符合语义，D项having been done在做状语的时候相当于done。本句的独立主格结构His lecture having been given相当于After his lecture had been given。故D正确。考点定位：考查非谓语动词题目：Dad, I dont think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.I see. Ill go right away and _.选项：Apay him backBpay him offCput him awayDput him off答案：B解析过程：句意：爸爸，我认为Oliver并不是这份工作的合适人选。知道了，我马上就去结清他的工资，让他走。Pay back：偿还；报复；报答；偿付；pay off：付清；（付清工资后）解雇；（努力）得到回报；put away：收拾，整理，放在一边，不管不顾；put off：推迟；根据句意，故B正确。考点定位：考查动词短语题目：It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, _ bring me food.选项：AmightBwouldCshouldDcould答案：C解析过程：句意：让我难过的是，如此贫穷的他们竟然给我带来了食物。should：应该，竟然；根据句意可知本句中的should表示“竟然”。故C正确。It is simply a miracle that rice should grow in such a place. 稻子竟能在这样的地方生长, 这实在是个奇迹.考点定位：考查情态动词题目：I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill be _ occupied.选项：AalsoBjustCneverthelessDotherwise答案：D解析过程：句意：星期天我不能去接你了，另外我还会很忙。nevertheless：然而，不过；otherwise：要不然；另外。这里“otherwise”表示 “另外”。She is not very clever, but otherwise shes a nice girl.Well get there somehow, by boat or otherwise.考点定位：考查副词题目：Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _ the soul of Qu Yuan.选项：ArememberBremindCrecoverDrecall答案：D解析过程：句意：相传端午节是为了让我们想起屈原的精神。Remember：记得；remind：提醒，使想起；recover：康复；recall：回忆；根据句意D正确。I often recall my childhood which is dead and gone.I cant recall how long it has been.考点定位：考查动词题目：Good families are much to all their members, but _ to none.选项：AsomethingBanythingCeverythingDnothing答案：C解析过程：句意：好的家庭对她的家庭成员们来说意味着许多，但对谁来说都不是一切。根据句意可知everything一切符合上下文含义。故选项C正确。考点定位：考查代词题目：_ ! Somebody has left the lab door open.Dont look at me.选项：ADear meBHi, thereCThank goodnessDCome on答案：A解析过程：句意：天哪！实验室的门开着呢。别看我！不是我干的。Dear me:天哪！（表示惊讶）Hi，there:嗨，你好；Thank goodness:谢天谢地；Come on:加油；得了吧！根据句意可知前者对于实验室的门还开着很惊讶。故选项A正确。考点定位：考查情景交际题目：Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first 1 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 2 , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldnt afford the 3 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 4 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 5 he didnt have the time or the 6 . He had only one good suit. He tried 7 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too 8 . During this period Dale was slowly 9 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 10 him from achieving his real potential. She 11 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 12 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.Dale took his mothers advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 13 made it. This proved to be a 14 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 15 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 16 . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, 17 , were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to 18 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 19 an idea to an audience builds a persons confidence. And, 20 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to doand so could others.1AadmittedBfilledCsuppliedDrecognized2AassignmentBeducationCadvantageDinstruction3AtrainingBboardCteachingDequipment4AbetweenBduringCoverDthrough5AwhileBwhenCbecauseDthough6ApermitsBinterestCtalentDclothes7AonBforCinDwith8AlightBflexibleCoptimisticDoutgoing9AgainingBachievingCdevelopingDobtaining10ApreventBprotectCsaveDfree11AsuggestedBdemandedCrequiredDinsisted12ApresenceBpracticeCpatienceDpotential13AhopefullyBcertainlyCfinallyDnaturally14AkeyBbreakingCbasicDturning15AprogressBexperienceCcompetenceDconfidence16Ahorse-ridingBfootballCspeechDfarming17Ain returnBin briefCin turnDin fact18AconveyBovercomeCunderstandDbuild19AexpressBstressCcontributeDrepeat20AbesidesBbeyondClikeDwith答案：1-5DBBAC6-10DBACA11-15ABCDD16-20CCBAD解析过程：1.句意：戴尔卡耐基从密苏里的一个默默无闻的农场里走出来，并成为一名国际大师，因为他找到一个方法来满足人们共同的需要。这个需要是1906年他在at State Teachers College in Warrensburg学习的时候意识到的。A. admitted：承认；B. filled：填充；C. supplied：提供；D. recognized ：认识到；认出。本句是一个强调句型,强调的是“need”做“recognized”的宾语。根据意思，故答案选D。考点定位：考查动词2.句意：为了接受教育，戴尔卡耐基经历了很多困难。根据后文叙述可知他家里很穷，为了接受教育，他每天骑马去学习，没有衣服不能参加学校活动，等等。故答案选B。考点定位：考查名词3.根据后一分句“Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes”他不得不骑马12英里去上学，可知他的父亲没有钱付他的大学寄宿膳食的钱。A：training培训；B：board寄宿膳食；C：teaching教育；D：equipment设备；故B符合语境。考点定位：考查名词4.句意：他的很多学习都是在农场干活休息的时候完成的。干扰项为B，在干农活期间不能学习，应该是干农活休息的时候，故答案选A。 考点定位：考查介词5.他不能参加各种学校的活动，后一分句解释原因，因为他没有时间也没有衣服。所以使用because。考点定位：考查连词6.根据后一句“He had only one good suit.”他只有一件好衣服。可知D符合语境。考点定位：考查名词7.句意：他申请参加足球队，但是教练拒绝了他，因为他太轻了。Try on：试穿；try for：申请；I dont think I have a particularly good chance of getting the job, but its certainly worth trying for.我看得到那份工作的可能性并不很大，不过争取一下肯定是我值得的。 故答案选B。考点定位：考查介词8.Alight：轻的；淡的；Bflexible：灵活的；Coptimistic：乐观的；Doutgoing：外向的；BCD三项不能成为教练拒绝队员的理由，如果队员过于瘦弱，不适合足球这项剧烈运动，故答案选A。 考点定位：考查形容词9.根据上下我可知在这段时间里，卡耐基慢慢的形成了一种自卑感。A:赢得；B:实现；C:形成，发展；D:获得；通常都使用develop表示养成，形成一种性格。故选项C正确。考点定位：考查动词10.根据上下我可知在这段时间里，卡耐基慢慢的形成了一种自卑感,他妈妈知道这种自卑感会阻止他开发自身的潜力。本句中的prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事，这个结构符合语境。考点定位：考查动词11.句意:他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为在辩论队里,练习演讲让他感到自信和得到认可。而且在join前面省略了should，这是一个虚拟语气和后文中“Dale took his mothers advice”。故选项B正确。考点定位：考查动词12.句意:他的妈妈建议他参加辩论队，认为在辩论队里,练习演讲让他感到自信和得到认可。根据意思，故选项B正确。考点定位：考查名词13.句意：卡耐基采纳了妈妈的建议，拼命的尝试，多次努力以后，最后终于成功了。根据“after several attempts”和“made it可知选项C正确。Ahopefully：有希望地； Bcertainly：当然； Cfinally：最后； Dnaturally：自然地。 考点定位：考查副词14.句意：这件事情证明是他人生的转折点。根据意思，答案选D。考点定位：考查名词15.在很多人面前发表演讲的确帮助他获得了信心。根据前文中“believing that 12 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.”可知答案选D。Aprogress：进步；B. experience：经历，经验；Ccompetence：能力，技能； Dconfidence：自信。 考点定位：考查名词16.根据上下文可知到他大四的时候，他赢得了演讲方面所有的最高荣誉。根据意思，答案选C。考点定位：考查名词17.句意：有很多学生都来向他寻求指导，接着在他的指导之下，他们也相继赢得了比赛。In turn表示那些学生也相继成功了。Ain return：作为回报；Bin brief：简洁地； Cin turn：依次，轮流； Din fact：实际上。 考点定位：考查介词短语18.句意：在克服自卑的斗争过程中，卡耐基逐渐理解向听众表达观点的能力可以增强一个人的信心。Aconvey：传达； Bovercome：克服； Cunderstand：理解； Dbuild：建造，开发。根据意思，答案选A。考点定位：考查动词19.句意：在克服自卑的斗争过程中，卡耐基逐渐理解向听众表达观点的能力可以增强一个人的信心。根据意思，答案选A。考点定位：考查动词20.With it中的it是指“the ability”，有了这种能力，他能够做他想做的一切，其他人也如此。考点定位：考查介词题目：Never before had a Kitchen so much of a HistoryIt tells of Freedom, Success, and of the Architecture of big American cities. Because that is where it started: in the second half of the 19th century!Welcome to a new Era of Kitchen Interior DesignBack then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth. This dream was realized by young architects such as Daniel Burnham and Stanford White. They all had studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts in Paris.And they created a new style for Architecture and Interior Design, named after the famous Art Institute: Beaux-Arts.SieMatic Beaux Arts Breaks and CreatesIn fact it was not a new style at all, but a composition of styles from different periods and cultures. Many world-famous structures such as the Chicago Art Institute and the Statue of Liberty account for it. But what does that have to do with your kitchen? Just as much as you want it to. Because in the same way that the anti-conventional architects back then took the freedom to combine elements from different historical eras, today, you too can break the conventional rules of styles and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic Beaux Arts offers unique opportunities: A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own. You can choose from menu of various forms, appealing colors, and precious materials, to create an environment that is much more than just a kitchen: a reflection of your personality.1Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?AIt helped display their money statusBIt was created by famous architectsCIt was named after a famous instituteDIt represented the 19th century urban culture2What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?AIts designs are anti-conventional.BIts designs come from famous structures.CIts customers can enjoy their own composition.DIts customers can choose from various new styles.答案：1A2C解析过程：1.根据第二段中”Back then, a Generation of successful American Entrepreneurs dreamt of a new style of Architecture to express their personal wealth”一代成功的美国企业家渴望一种新的建筑可以展现他们的个人财富。故选项A正确。考点定位：考查细节理解2.根据第三段中you too can break the conventional rules of style and create something new: your own personal composition of your kitchen. For that, SieMatic BeauxArts offers unique opportunities: A broad range of seemingly conflicting features that you combine to a harmonious design of your own.你也可以打破传统的类型,来创造新的东西,你个人的厨房.可知SieMatic BeauxArts让顾客有机会显示自己的构思。故选项C正确。考点定位：考查细节理解题目：However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someones time or money could be better spent on something else.Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity costnamely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? Thisthe alternative use of your cash and timeis the opportunity cost.For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgoin terms of money and enjoymentin order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: theres no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense its human nature to do precisely thatwe assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.In the business world, a popular phrase is “value for money.” People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.” The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.1According to the passage, the concept of “opportunity cost” is applied to _.Amaking more moneyBtaking more opportunitiesCreducing missed opportunitiesDweighing the choice of opportunities2The “leftover . time” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time _.Aspared for watching the match at homeBtaken to have dinner with friendsCspent on the way to and from the matchDsaved from not going to watch the match3What are forgone opportunities?AOpportunities you forget in decision-makingBOpportunities you give up for better onesCOpportunities you miss accidentallyDOpportunities you make up for答案：1D2C3B解析过程：1.根据第一段中“Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someones time or money could be better spent on something else.” 是指人们思考自己的时间金钱是否可以更好地被利用在其他的事情上。也就是在衡量自己的选择是否合理。故答案选D。考点定位：考查细节理解2.根据文章第三段Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends?人们本来是想去看球赛，但是球赛的票太贵了。所以就不去现场看球了。从而省下了“take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium.”这部分时间，并且把买票的钱和来去体育馆的时间用在了别的地方，那么这里的leftover money and time就是指看球赛来回所花费的时间。考点定位：考查猜测词义3.根据文章第三段Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.即使有人带你去享受免费的午餐，在这种情况下，你吃饭的时间还是会让你失去某些东西。这是从forgone opportunities的角度来说的，也就是说你还可以用这段时间做更有价值，更有意义的事情，但是你却把他用来享用这段免费的午餐。所以forgone opportunities就是指放弃的机会。故选项B正确。考点定位：考查推理判断题目：Most damagingly, anger weakens a persons ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one persons awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another. Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas arent balanced and, as a result of this, were likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exce