定语从句分析讲解_初三.ppt

theAttributiveClause(定语从句),ThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.,Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.,ThisisthefilmwhosenameisHarryPotter.,Themanwhomyouseeinthefirstpictureisaheadmaster.,ThisisthefilmwhichIsawlastnight.,Herearetwopicturesthataretakenfromthefilm.,ThisisthefilmwhosenameisHarryPotter.,ThemanwhomyouseeInthefirstpictureisaheadmaster.,theAttributiveClause,which,that,whose,whom,定语从句用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句所修饰的名（代）词叫作先行词。引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。关系词有两个作用：一、引导定语从句。二、代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。定语从句一般紧跟在先行词的后面。,1.Thestudents(whodontstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.,主句:Thestudentswillnotpasstheexam.,先行词,定语从句,2.Thewoman(whomyousawinthepark)isourEnglishteacher.,先行词,定语从句,主句:ThewomanisourEnglishteacher.,从句的主语：,从句的宾语：,you,whom,3.Ashoeshopisashop(whichsellsshoes).主句：,Ashoeshopisashop.,从句的主语:,which,4.Thebook(thatyouwant)isonthedesk.主句从句的主语:从句的宾语：,Thebookisonthedesk.,you,that,注意:必须保持主句的完整性,引导定语从句的关系代词常见的有that,which,whowhom等。关系代词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的一个成份。eg.Theman(that/whotoldusafunnystory)isinthenextroom.,主语,Ilostthebook(that/which)yougaveme).,宾语,指代,所做成分,是否可省略,that,人；物,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,which,物,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,who,人,主语；宾语,作宾语可省,whom,人,宾语,可省,whose,人；物,定语,不可省,关系代词的用法,Fillintheblankswith:who,whom,whose,which,that,Aclockisamachine_tellpeoplethetime.,that/which,Anurseisaperson_looksaftersickpeople.,who/that,Heistheman_Imetintheparkyesterday.,(whom/who/that),MrBlack_workisteachingEnglishisregardedasthebestteacherintheschool.,whose,定语从句：是指在复合句中，修饰或的从句.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“”.引导定语从句的词叫“”,基础知识,名词,代词,先行词,关系词,引导定语从句的关系词,指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因,who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，ofwhichwherewhenwhy,关系代词,关系副词,基础知识,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,themachine,Jointhefollowingsentences:Aplaneisamachine.Themachinecanfly.Aplaneiscanfly.,关系代词的实质,amachine,that/which,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,her,Thegirl,关系代词的实质,Jointhefollowingsentences:ThegirlisMary.Wesawheryesterday.wesawyesterdayisMary.,that/who/whom,Thegirl,注意避免重复,aboyhasascarforehead,HarryPorterisaboywho/thathasascaronhisforehead.,Theboyisholdingadog.Hehasgoldenhair.,Theboyisholdingadog.Hishairisgolden.,TheboyisJim.Theboyisholdingadog.,Theboywhohasgoldenhairisholdingadog.,Theboywhosehairisgoldenisholdingadog.,TheboywhoisholdingadogisJim.,Heisoneofthepersonsinthefilm.Thepolicearelookingforhim.,Heisoneofthepersonsthat/whom/whothepolicearelookingfor.,Thisisaveryinterestinggame.,Tomplayeditlastnight.,Thisisaveryinterestinggamewhich/thatTomplayedlastnight.,Beijing,Beijingisthecitywhere/inwhichthe2008OlympicGameswasheld.,2008,thecity,Oct.1,1949thedayfound,Oct.1,1949isthedaywhen/onwhichthePRCwasfounded.,Itisacitywhere/inwhichpeoplearelivinghappily.,It,acity,peoplelivehappily,Heisthemanwhotaughtushowtobeasoldier.,先行词,关系词,Toleadtheclause,Toactasonepartoftheclause,Heisthemanwhotaughtushowtobeasoldier.,BriefIntroduction,Heisthebestmanthat/who/whom/-Ihavemet.,5.Thisisthebestfilmthathasbeenmadebychildren.,1.Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.,what,2.Thecityistheonethat/-Iremember.,3.ThefirstbookthatIchoseyesterdayisinteresting.,4.Thisisthevery/rightbookthat/-Iamlookingfor.,justthebook,(人不受限制),All,much,none,everything,anything,something,theone作先行词时,2.当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时,当先行词被only，any，just，right，very，few，little，no，all修饰时,当先行词为最高级或被最高级修饰时,当先行词为物时只用that的情况,6.Theyaretalkingaboutthepeopleandtheschoolthat/-theypaidavisitto.,7.Whichisthebookthat/-youbought?,8.它不再是以前那只漂亮的小猪了。,Itisntthebeautifulpigthatitwas.,当先行词中有人又有物时,which引导的特殊疑问句，避免重复只用that,当关系代词在从句中作表语时只用that，且不可以省,eg：WhoisthemanthatistalkingwithMr.Black?,was.,=usedtobe.,eg：Heisntthecleverboythathe,当关系代词在从句中作表语时只用that,由who引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复只用that,当先行词为人时只用that的情况,Thereisamanwhoisstealing.,eg:那儿有个偷东西的人。,在therebe句型中，先行词为人只用who,eg：Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.,.先行词为one，ones，anyone，those，he时，只用who,当先行词为人时，只用who的情况,先行词与从句的主语构成从属关系,=ofwhichthedoor,=thedoorofwhich,Theyliveinahousewhosedoorisblue.,eg:他们住在一间门是兰色的房子里。,=ofwhomthedaughter,=thedaughterofwhom,eg:Heisthelawyerwhosedaughterwentabroad.,介词加which结构,Chinahashundredsofislands,thelargest_whichisTaiwan.,of,Heistheperson_whomyouwillwrite.,to,_whomthebookwaswritten.,by,_whomIlearntalot.,from,_whomIcanturnforhelp.,to,(turntosb.forhelp),_whomIworkedinthefactory.,with,_whichtherearefewnewwords.,_whichtheyaretalking.,_whichIlearnedalot.,_whichIpaid8yuan.,Thisisthebook_whichIspent8yuan.,on,for,from,in,Ihavelotsoffriends,andsomeof_arefriendly.,Thisistheriver,_weoftenhaveawalk.,_abridgewasbuilt.,_thereisaboat.,by/beside,onwhich,over/acrosswhich,alongwhich,_whichthereisafactory.,Ihavelotsoffriends.Someof_arefriendly.,Ihavelotsoffriends,some/noneof_arefriendly.,whom,them,them,他将去北京看望妻子，她在北京工作,（没有逗号翻译成：他将去看望在北京工作的那个妻子）,Non-restrictiveattributiveclause(非限定性定语从句),特征:用逗号隔开，起补充说明作用，译成两句话,Hewillgotoseehiswife,whoisinBeijing.,Hepassedtheexam,whichmakesmehappy.,非限定性定语从句,定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句的先行词和关系词常用逗号隔开，且不能用that引导。e.g.1、Shehadeightchildren,threeofwhomlivedtogrowup.2、Smoking,whichisabadhabit,isverypopular.,1.Watchthegirlandherdog_arecrossingthebridge!,whichB.whoC.theyD.that,D,Exercise,单项选择,Theman_youjusttalkedtowasafriendofmine.A.whomB.whichD.whoseD.where2.Thenecklace_myfatherboughtmeisveryexpensive.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.where3.Thedoctor_isleavingforAfricanextmonth.A.thenurseistalkingtohimB.whomthenurseistalkingtoC.thenurseistalkingtoD.thatthenurseistalking,A,C,B,4.Ms.Ji_lovesusverymuchisourmathteacher.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which5.Thebike_wasstolen.A.whichmym