希腊神话英文PPT2007版

Greekmythology,TheOlympinGods,奥林波斯山神在马其顿和希腊东部的色萨利之间矗立.宙斯将男女山神12人组成一个委员会，宙斯本人则坐第一把交椅，是众神与人类的太上皇，也是雷电的操纵者。,TheOlympinGodsbetweenacedonandthessalyofeasterngreecetherestoodahighmountain.Zeusmadethemallsitonacommitteeoftwelvemembers，includingsixgodsandsixgoddesses.thefirstintheolympiancrowdsatZeushimself.,Thenewgods,Heisverylascivious.Zeushadmanyoffspring;hiswifeHeraborehimAres,Hephaestus,HebeandEileithyia,butZeushadnumerousliaisonswithbothgoddessesandmortals.Heeitherrapedthem,oruseddeviousmeanstoseducetheunsuspectingmaidens.,Zues,Zues,Hehas17wives,thatisnothisall.Hehascountlesschildrenincludingthegods,godessesandhumans.Hereistheform:,SheisthewifeandsisterofZeus,peoplerepresentedHeraasconstantlybeingjealousofZeussvariousamorousaffairs.Shepunishedherrivalsandtheirchildren,amongbothgoddessesandmortals,withimplacablefury.SheplacedtwoserpentsinthecradleofHeracles;shehadIoguardedbyahundred-eyedgiant;shedrovethe,Hera,Hera,foster-parentsofDionysusmad,andtriedtopreventthebirthofApolloandArtemis.EvenZeususuallycouldnotstanduptoher.Sometimeswhenhegotangry,hechainedhertothemountainofOlympusbyfasteninganvilstoherfeet.However,mostofthetimeZeusresortedtostratagems:heeitherhidhisillegitimatechildren,orhechangedthemintoanimals.,波塞冬(Poseidon)：,PoseidonslovesproducedstrangechildrenHiswifeborehimthechildrenwhowerehalfmanandhalf-fishinformWhenDemeterdidnotlikehisattentionandchangedherselfintoahorse，shamelessPoseidonturnedhimselfintoahorsetocontinuehisseekingOutoftheirloveawonderfulhorse，Arionbyname，wasborn,波塞冬(Poseidon)：,ThishorsehadthepowerofspeechandwassuretowinallthecarriageracesinGreecePoseidonrobbedTheophane，abeautifulmaiden，andtakinghertoanisland，changedherintoasheepandhimselfintoaramAsaresultthegolden-fleecedramcameintobeing,Hadesisthelordofthedeadandrulerofthenetherworld,whichisreferredtoasthedomainofHadesor,bytransference,asHadesalone.HeisthesonofCronusandRhea.WhenthethreesonsofCronusdividedtheworldamongeachother,Hadeswasgiventheunderworld,whilehisbrothersZeusandPoseidontooktheupperworldandthesea,Hades,Hades,respectively.ForawhileHadesruledtheunderworldtogetherwithPersephone,whomhehadabductedfromtheupperworld,butZeusorderedhimtoreleasePersephonebackintothecareofhermotherDemeter.However,beforeshelefthegaveherapomegranateandwhensheateofit,itboundhertotheunderworldforever.,Demeter农神狄米特,ThegoddessDemeterisbestknownforherfiercedefenseofherdaughter,Persephone,PersephonesyouthfulbeautydrewtheattentionofHades,thegodoftheunderworld,andhecouldnothelpfallinginlovewithher.OnedayasPersephonereachedovertopickaflower,theearthopenedandthearmofHadesreachedupfromtheunderworldandcatchher.,Demetersearchforherdaughterandrefusingtofunction,thelandgrewbarrenandtheharvestsceased.ZeusfinallyopenshiseyestowhatwashappeningandsentmessengerstoapologizeandcoaxthegoddessDemetertoreturn.Persephonecango.Asshewasleaving,Hadesofferedherapomegranatetoeat,andsheeat.DemeterwasnotpleasedthatPersephonehadeatenthepomegranateseedsandwould,Demeter狄米特,Demeter狄米特,havetoreturntotheunderworldforfourmonthsduringeachyear,butwasotherwiseoverjoyedtobereunitedwithherdaughter.Happily,Demeterresumedherdivinedutiesandrestoredthefertilityoftheearth.EachyearthegoddessDemeterlongsforherabsentdaughterandwithdrawsherfavorsfromtheearthforaperiodweknowaswinter,butPersephonereturnseachspringtoendherdesolation.,HestiaistheGreekgoddessofthehearthfire,hencepresidingoverdomesticlife.SheistheeldestsisterofZeusandtheoldestdaughterofRheaandCronus.Shewasavirgin-goddess,andwhenwooedbyPoseidonandApollo,sworebytheheadofZeustoremainavirgin.Shehadnothrone,buttendedthesacredfireinthehallontheOlympusandeveryhearthonEarthwasheraltar.Sheisthe.,Hestia赫斯提亚,Hestia赫斯提亚,gentlestofalltheOlympiansHestiaalsosymbolizedtheallianceoftheMetropolis(mother-city)withthesmallersettlementswhichwerefoundedinthecolonies.Thecoloniststookfirefromthehearthintheprytaneionandkeptitburningintheirnewtowns.TheRomanscalledherVesta,andbuildatempleforherintheForum.,Apollo,Apollowasmesun-god.Hewasthegodofmusicandpoetry.Abeautifulgirl，bythenameofclytle，wassofondofhisbeautyandglorythatfromdawntoduskshekneltontheground，herhandsoutstretchedtowardsthesungod，andhereyeslookedathisgoldenwheeledcarriageracingacrossthebluesky.thoughherlovewasnotreturned，shehadneverangedhermindaboutapollo.thegodsweremovedatthesadsight，andchangedherintoaSunflower.,DaphnewasalovelybloomingfairymaidenAsshewasplayingmerrilyinthewoodsonedayshesawApollothesun-godstaringatherwithmorethanamazementandadmirationThebeamingfaceofthesunputhertoflightTheeagerApollofollowedhercloselybehind，callingouttohertostopThequickfootedmaidenmadethebestofherlegs，,Apollo,Apollo,butthepassionateApollopressedharduponherAtlastshewasquitereathlessandcriedtoherfather，arivergod，forhelpAndshehadbeenturnedintoalaureltreeSighing，ApolloputhisarmsaroundthetreetrunkToshowhisundyingloveforthemaiden，hedecidedthatthelaurelwouldbehisfavoritetreeandshouldbetheprizeofhonourandfamefordeathlesspoetsandpoetry,ThedaughterofLetoandZeus,andthetwinofApollo.Artemisisthegoddessofthewilderness,thehuntandwildanimals,andfertility(shebecameagoddessoffertilityandchildbirthmainlyincities).ShewasoftendepictedwiththecrescentofthemoonaboveherforeheadandwassometimesidentifiedwithSelene(goddessofthemoon).ArtemiswasoneoftheOlympiansanda,Artemis阿耳忒弥斯,Artemis阿耳忒弥斯,virgingoddess.Hermainvocationwastoroammountainforestsanduncultivatedlandwithhernymphsinattendancehuntingforlions,panthers,hindsandstags.Contradictorytothelater,shehelpedinprotectingandseeingtotheirwell-being,alsotheirsafetyandreproduction.ShewasarmedwithabowandarrowswhichweremadebyHephaestusandtheCyclopes.,OnoneoccasionZeussufferedabadheadacheAllthegods，includingApollo，thegodofmedicine，hadtrieduselesslytoofferaneffectivetreatmentThenthefatherofgodsandmenaskedHephaestustoopenhisheadThisthegodofthefiredidTothewonderofalltheOlympians，agoddess，well-grownandfull-armed，cameoutofZeusheadThegoddesswasgivingofflightandsplendor.ShewasAthena，,Athena,goddessofwisdomandknowledgeandpatronessofAthensThestoryofAthenabecomingpatrongoddessofAthensconcernsthestrugglebetweenthegoddessandPoseidonWhenthecityofAthenswasfirstbuiltbyaPhoenician，bothPoseidonandAthenacompetedforthehonourofnamingitItwasthenagreedthatwhoeverofferedthemostusefulobjectfor,Athena,Athena,menwouldbecomethepatronofthecityPoseidonstruckthegroundwithhistridentandproducedahorse，whereasAthenahadanolivetreetopresent，asymbolofpeaceandplentyAsthehorsewasregardedasstruggleandsorrow，Athenswasnamedafterthegoddess，whosoontookthecityunderherprotection,HewastheonegodwhoeverhadtosubmittothepowerofhisinferiorsAtonetimelackoftactandgoodudgementledtohisshameHewasfightingwithtwogiants，andfindinghimselfnomatchforthetwomonstrouscreatures，laiddownhisarmsandwasimprisonedinchainsHewassetfreeintheendbytheartfulHermes，butnotbeforehehadsufferedallthehumiliations.,Ares(战神阿瑞斯),Ares(战神阿瑞斯),HewasasthoughtlessashewasunkindAsonofPoseidons，attemptingtokidnaphisdaughter，madethewar-godunhappy，sothathekilledtheyouthWithouthesitation.Inretaliation，PoseidondraggedhimbeforeagroupofAthenianjudgesfortrialThecourtwasheldonahilloutsideAthensArespresentedhiscaseandwasdeclaredinnocent.ThehillwaseveraftercalledAreopagus，“thehillofAres”，andthejudgesreceivedthenamesofAreopagitae,AphroditewasthegoddessofextremebeautyShewasappointedgoddessofLoveandMarriageSittinginhercarriagedrawnbysparrows，dovesorswans，shetravelledfarandwidetoinspireloveintheheartsofallnatureandmovemanandbeastandanimalandplanttoreproductionwiththehelpofherlittleson，Eros，thegodoflove，shemademanyataleofhappinessandsadnessinthelifeofgodsandmen,Aphrodite(Venus),Aphrodite(Venus),Beinglessserious，sheintroducedtheideaoffreeloveintomarriedlifeShewasneverfaithfultoherhusbandHephaestusHerhusbandononeoccasioncaughtherinanetasshewaslyingwithMarsThenheheldthembothuptofuninfrontofthegodsShewaskindandresponsibleandwaseverreadytohelpyoungloversintroubleShelovedAdonis，breathedlifeintothestatueofGalateaandlentahelpinghandtoyoungHippomennesinhisrace,TheRomangodoffire,especiallydestructivefire,andcraftsmanship.HisforgeislocatedbeneathMountEtna.Itisherethathe,togetherwithhishelpers,forgesweaponsforgodsandheroes.VulcanusiscloselyassociatedwithBonaDeawithwhomhesharedtheVolcanalia,observedonAugust23.Thisfestivaltookplaceduringtheheightofthe,火神Vulcan,火神Vulcan,Mediterraneandroughtandtheperiodofhighestriskoffire.OnthebanksoftheriverTiber,fireswerelightedonwhichlivingfishweresacrificed.Histempleswereusuallylocatedoutsidethecities,duetothedangerousnatureoffire.In215BCEhistempleontheCircusFlaminiuswasinaugurated.InOstiahewasthechiefgodastheprotectoragainstfireinthegrainstorages.HeisidentifiedwiththeGreekHephaestus.,Beingtheherald(messengerofthegods),itwashisdutytoguidethesoulsofthedeaddowntotheunderworld,whichisknownasapsychopomp.Hewasalsocloselyconnectedwithbringingdreamstomortals.Hermesisusuallydepictedwithabroad-brimmedhatorawingedcap,wingedsandalsandtheheraldsstaff(kerykeioninGreek,orCaduceusin,赫耳墨斯神使Hermes.,赫耳墨斯神使Hermes.,Latin).Itwasoftenshownasashaftwithtwowhiteribbons,althoughlatertheywererepresentedbyserpentsintertwinedinafigureofeightshape,andtheshaftoftenhadwingsattached.Theclotheshedonnedwereusuallythatofatraveler,orthatofaworkmanorshepherd.OthersymbolsofHermesarethecock,tortoiseandpurseorpouch.,普罗米修斯,普罗米修斯是泰坦巨人之一。在宙斯与巨人的战争中，他站在新的奥林波斯山神一边。他用粘土造出了第一个男人。雅典娜赋予了这个男人灵魂和神圣的生命。普罗米修斯还花费了很多时间和精力创造了火，并将之赠予人类。火使人成为万物之灵.在这之后，举行了第一次神与人的联席会议。这个会议将决定烧烤过的动物的哪一部分该分给神，哪一部分该给人类。普罗米修斯切开一头牛，把它分成两部分：他把肉放在皮下，将骨头放在肥肉下。因为他知道自私的宙斯爱吃肥肉。,普罗米修斯,宙斯看穿了他的把戏。普罗米修斯偏袒人类，这使宙斯感到不快。因此，他专横地把火从人类手中夺走。然而，普罗米修斯设法窃走了天火，偷偷地把它带给人类.宙斯对他这种肆无忌惮的违抗行为大发雷霆。他令其他的山神把普罗米修斯用锁链缚在高加索山脉的一块岩石上。一只饥饿的老鹰天天来啄食他的肝脏，而他的肝脏又总是重新长出来。他的痛苦要持续三万年。而他坚定地面对苦难，从来不在宙斯面前丧失勇气。最后，海格立斯使普罗米修斯与宙斯恢复了他们的友谊，找到了金苹果，杀死了老鹰，因而解救了人类的老朋友。,丘比特,厄洛斯（丘比特）厄洛斯是爱神，它的拉丁名称丘比特更为人熟知。他是阿瑞斯和阿芙罗狄蒂的儿子，是一位小奥林波斯山神。他的形象是一个裸体的小男孩，有一对闪闪发光的翅膀。他带着弓箭漫游。他恶作剧地射出令人震颤的神箭，唤起爱的激情。给自然界带来生机，授予万物繁衍的能力。这位可爱而又淘气的小精灵有两种神箭：加快爱情产生的金头神箭和中止爱情的铅头神箭。另外，他还有一束照亮心灵的火炬。尽管有时他被蒙着眼睛，但没有任何人或神，包括宙斯在内，能逃避他的恶作剧。有一次这位淘气的精灵被自己的箭射中。对人间少女普赛克炽热的爱在他心中复苏，以致于他不顾他母亲的干预，鼓起勇气让宙斯给予公正评判。厄洛斯起了重大作用的另一个著名的故事是亚尔古英雄的远征。美狄亚，国王埃厄忒斯的女儿，被厄洛斯的神箭射中，和伊阿宋一起寻觅金羊毛，最后成为这位英雄的妻子。,Pygmalion，KingofCyprus，wasafamoussculptorHemadeanivoryimageofawomansolovelythathefellinlovewithitEverydayhetriedtomakeGalateaupingoldandpurple，forthatwasthenamehehadgiventothismistressofhisheartHeembracedandkissedit，butitremainedastatueIndespairhewenttoAphroditesshrineforhelpOfferingrichsacrificeandsendingupapassionateprayer，hebeggedthegoddesstogivehimawifeasgracefulasGalatea,Pygmalion,Pygmalion,Backhome，hewentstraightuptothestatueEvenashegazedatitachangecameoveritAfaintcolourappearedonitscheeks，agleamshonefromitseyesanditslipsopenedintoasweetsmilePygmalionstoodspeechlesswhenUalateabegantomovetowardshimShewassimpleandsweetandalive！SoontheroomwasringingwithherslivervoiceTheworkofhisownhandsbecamehiswife,塞浦路斯的国王皮