支撑剂评价PPT课件

评价支撑剂的讨论ProppantEvaluation,支撑剂评价的研究,Photomicroscopicpicture显微照片PhysicalProperties物理特性BulkDensity体积密度SizeDistribution粒度分布Crush压碎ShortTermvsLongTermConductivity短期导流能力vs长期导流能力StressCycling应力循环加载,Theshapeofproppant,Impactonthenumber,支撑剂形状,APIRP60,FromStratigraphyandSedimentaion,KrumbeinandSloss,多数陶粒,多数砂一些劣质陶粒,系数比较,Stim-LabPredK6.57,Feb2002,煤层气井,1000psi应力,100F,50%冻胶伤害率,CrushedParticleSizeDistributionNotJust%Crush,Impactonthenumber,APIRP60CrushTestProcedures,Sievematerialwithinspecifiedrange(e.g.-20/+40).Fillcrushcelltoaconcentrationof1.22ccpersq.cmofproppant.Thecellloadshouldbeappliedatauniformloadingratetaking1minutetoreachdesiredstresslevel.Holdfortwominutesandreleasepressure.Sievematerialasabove.Crushedmaterialiscalculatedaspercentweightofproppantsmallerthanthespecifiedrange,e.g.-40mesh.,-40/+70Mesh,20/40LanzhouSandAPICrushTest6kpsiPhotomicrographs-55X,WholePellet,-70/+100Mesh,-100/+200Mesh,ResinCoatedSand20XPhotomicrographs,4000psi,8000psi,10000psi,IntermediateStrengthProppants20XPhotomicrographs,4000psi,8000psi,10000psi,PhotomicroscopicPicture-1,NotSolidbutwithSomeVoids,PhotomicroscopicPicture-2,PoorSphericity&Roundness,PhotomicroscopicPicture-3,CrystallizationWasnotwellDeveloped,PhotomicroscopicPicture-4,CrystallizationWaswellDeveloped,ShortTermandLongTermConductivityTest,Increasestressto2,000psiandholdfor15minutes.Measurepat2,4and6ml/minoffluidflow.Measurefracwidthandtemperature.Increasestressanadditional2,000psiandallowtostabilizefor15minutes.Measurepat2,4and6ml/minoffluidflow,fracwidthandtemperature.Repeatlasttwostepsto12,000psi.,ShortTermConductivityTestProcedure,CARBOPROPShortTermConductivityvs.ClosureStress(2#/sqft,roomtemperature),LongTermConductivityTestProcedure,Increasestressto2,000psi.Flowfluidatratesof3,4and6ml/min.Measurep30minutesaftereachstepchangeinflowrate.Measurefracwidthandtemperature.Maintainstressfor50hr.Increasestressin2,000psiincrementsfor50hourseach.Continuemeasuringpat3,4and6ml/minoffluidflow,fracwidthandtemperatureuntil12,000psistressisreached.,CARBOPROPLongTermConductivityvs.ClosureStress(2#/sqft,250F),CARBOPROPLongTermConductivityvs.ClosureStress(2#/sqft,250F),20/40ProppantLongTermConductivity,StressCyclingConductivityTest,StressCycling,OperatingConditionsResultinCyclingofEffectiveStressShuttingInandOpeningWellPressureChangesintheWellEffectsMeasuredinConductivityCellCyclingReducesFractureWidthandPermDamagetoBothProppantandFractureFaceCeramicProppantsExhibitBetterOverallResistancetoCyclingEffects,EffectofMultipleCyclingCrush,SingleCrush-TestPerformedinAPIcrushcellAPIRP60procedureTripleCycling-TestperformedinAPIcrushcellUniformratetothedesiredstresslevelinoneminuteHoldfortwominutesReleasethestressto1,000psiRepeattwomoretimes,EffectofMultipleCyclingCrush,LongTermTripleCycling-TestperformedinlongtermconductivitytestcellHeatto250Funder1,000psiwith2%KCLUniformrateat50psi/mintothedesiredstresslevelHoldfor50hoursMeasureconductivityReleasethestressto1,000psiat5,000psiperminHoldat1,000psiforoneminuteRepeattwomoretimes,EffectofStress