中国文化英语教程U16 PPT知识讲解.ppt

,Unit16PorcelainCallingCardofChineseCulture,Lead-in,Textstudy,Exercises,Content,Lead-in,Doyouknowthefivefamouskilns(窑)inSongDynasty?,FivefamouskilnsaretheJun,Ding,Guan,Ge,andRu.,2.1Introduction,2.2NaturesCraft,2.3PureBlue-and-WhitePorcelain,2.4ASubtleandReservedWorld,Textstudy,2.5ShapeandImagery,Introduction,InEnglish,thecountryand“porcelain”sharethesamename”China”.ThisprovesthatEuropeanshavelongknownofChinasrelationshiptoporcelain.PorcelainfounditswaytoEuropeinthe15thcentury,occupyinganimportantpositionintheexchangesbetweenChinaandothercountries.,Introduction,PorcelaingarneredagoodreputationforChinaforitssophisticationandelegance.ItplayedanimportantroleinthewaveoftheEuropeanidealizationofChinaduringthe17thand18thcenturies.,Aroundthe1stcentury,porcelainproductionfirstemergedinChina.BytheSongDynastyithadbecomemature.Song-dynastyporcelainrepresentedtheacme(顶峰)ofChineseporcelaintechnique.,Introduction,Introduction,Chineseporcelainischerishforitsserenecolor,crystalpaste,gracefuldesigns,andingeniousforms.ItcanberegardedasthecallingcardofChineseculture.,crackling:aporcelainterminologyThecracklesoccurredduringkilningduetoflawedworkmanship,butlatteroncracklewarebecomeacraze(时尚)inSongDynasty,andwaspasseddowntothisveryday.,NaturesCraft,TheGeKiln(locatedinpresent-dayLongquan,ZhejiangProvince)wasatypicalkilnoftheSongDynastythatproducedcrackleware.,NaturesCraft,CraklewaretodayisoneofthetypicalChineseporcelainstyles.Theinterestincracklewareliesinitsnaturallyproducedandunpredictablepatterns.,NaturesCraft,Pureandelegantbeautyisthegoalthatporcelainpursues,andthisidealisbestexplainedintheproductionofblue-and-whiteporcelain.,PureBlue-and-WhitePorcelain,Chinese-madeblue-and-whiteporcelainwareemergedlongbeforethefoundingoftheTangDynasty.ItwasnotuntiltheYuanDynastythatthistypeofporcelaincametobeproducedinquantity,withtheattendantmasterpieces.TheMingDynastywitnessedthematurityoftheart,andalargenumberofvaluablepieceswereproducedinthisperiod.,PureBlue-and-WhitePorcelain,Jingdezhenbecametheporcelain-producingcenterintheYuanDynastyandthesubsequentMingDynasty,theimperialkilnswereestablishedhere.Blue-and-whiteporcelainproducedhereisthemostrepresentativeofChineseporcelain.,PureBlue-and-WhitePorcelain,Blue-and-whiteporcelainaccordswellwiththecultureandaestheticspiritChinesepeoplehavelongpursuedofsimplicity,unaffectednessandease.Itdisplaysaworldofconcisenessandelegance,serenityandpurity.,PureBlue-and-WhitePorcelain,MostChineseporcelainwareembodiesthecharacteristicsofConfucianaesthetics.Initspursuitofgentlenessandrefinementonesensestheaestheticpropensities(倾向)ofConfucianism;throughitsimplicitandreservedartisticstyleonediscoversthereservednatureofConfucianaesthetics.,ASubtleandReservedWorld,TheSongDynastywasarenaissanceperiodforConfucianism,andalsoaperiodofmaturityinporcelainproduction.TheincreasedpopularityofConfucianismadvancedtheremarkabledevelopmentofSong-dynastyporcelainproduction,whileitsaestheticstandardsgaveenlightenmenttoporcelaincraftspeople.TheservedstyleinporcelainwhichemphasizesinternalbeautyhasbeenpasseddownsinceSongDynasty.,ASubtleandReservedWorld,Anotherrepresentativeofareservedstyleisunderglazeredporcelain,oneofthetwotypesofporcelaindevelopedtoitsmaturityinJingdezhenduringtheYuanDynasty.Difficulttoproduce,underglazeredisnotaspopularasblue-and-whiteporcelain,thoughitdisplaysahighartistictaste.,ASubtleandReservedWorld,Thedesignofthispreciousunderglazeredvaseisdrawninunderglazered,andatthelowersectionisacirculardesignoflotuspetals.Palmtrees,rocksandgrovesofbamboo,drawnonthebellyofthevase,produceagracefullandscapepaintingwithprofoundallusions.,ASubtleandReservedWorld,Porcelainisacomprehensiveart,andformisasimportanttoagoodpieceofporcelainasitistoafinepieceofsculpture.,ShapeandImagery,ShapeandImagery,WhiteporcelainThemostfamouswhiteporcelainwasproducedintheDingKilnoftheSongDynasty,whichexertedagreatinfluenceonlaterwhiteporcelainproducts.AsmallwhiteporcelaincontainerproducedduringtheQingDynastysDaoguangreign(1821-1850)issuchapieceinthewhiteseries.,Chineseporcelainalsopursuespaintingeffects.Porcelainwareusuallycontainsimagesfromlandscapesaswellasbird-and-flowerpaintings.Mostporcelaincraftspeoplewerealsoadept(擅长的)atpainting.,ShapeandImagery,ForMing-andQing-dynastyporcelainware,eleganceinshape,intriguinguseofcolor,finetexture,andvividimagesallsetoffeachother,addinggreatsplendortotheart.,ShapeandImagery,Famille-rose(粉彩),UndertheinfluenceofEuropeanpainting,attheendoftheMingDynastyandthebeginningoftheQingDynasty,ChineseporcelainbegantoincorporateEuropeanartistictechniquesintoitsdesign,suchasthroughtheuseoflightandshadow,tomakethewholedesignvividwiththree-dimensionaleffects.,ShapeandImagery,Famille-rose,alsoreferredtoas“soft-color”,wassonamedastodifferentiateitfromtheapplicationofcolorwithoutshadingchanges.,ShapeandImagery,Famille-rose(粉彩),Thefamille-rosevasewithnine-peachdesign,Exercises,Comprehension,Communication,Application,l.SkimmingandScanningGothroughthepassagequicklyandjudgewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassage._1)InEnglish,ourcountryand“porcelain”sharethesamename,probablybecauseEuropeanscametoknowChinathroughChineseporcelain._2)PorcelaincanberegardedasthecallingcardofChineseculturepartlybecauseitwasfirstproducedinChina.,Comprehension,T,T,_3)Cracklewarewasfirstproducedonpurposeandisstillpopulartoday._4)ThethreepiecesofcracklewarementionedinParagraph6wereallmadeinthesameGeKilnintheSongDynasty._5)Now,blue-and-whiteporcelainisthemosttypicaltypeofChineseporcelain._6)Blue-and-whiteporcelainischerishedforitselaborationandartificiality._7)Song-dynastyporcelainembodiesthereservednatureofConfucianaesthetics._8)Forporcelain,theformismoreimportantthantheimagery.,Comprehension,F,T,F,T,F,F,II.CarefulReading,1.Readthepassagecarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestionsbriefly.,Comprehension,WhatwasChineseporcelainfamousfor?,Chineseporcelainwasfamousforitssophisticationandelegance.,2)Whatistherelationshipbetweenpotteryandporcelain?,Potteryisthepredecessorofporcelain,whileglazedpotteryisthebasisfortheemergenceofporcelain.,3)WhatarethequalitiesofChineseporcelainthatmakeitpopular?,Comprehension,ThequalitiesofChineseporcelainwhichmakeitpopularareitsserenecolor,crystalpaste,gracefuldesigns,andingeniousforms.,4)Whatisthecauseoftheirregularcracksonthecrackleware?,Thecauseoftheirregularcracksonthecracklewareisflawedworkmanship.,Comprehension,5)WhydoChinesepeoplelovecrackleware?,Chinesepeoplelovecracklewarebecausetheylovenaturesuniquecraft.,6)Whendidthemassproductionofblue-and-whiteporcelainbegin?,Themassproductionofblue-and-whiteporcelainpiecesdidnotbeginuntiltheYuanDynasty.,Comprehension,7)Whatqualitiesdoesblue-and-whiteporcelaindisplaythatreflectChineseaesthetics?,Blue-and-whiteporcelaindisplayssuchqualitiesasconcisenessandelegance,serenityandpuritythatreflectChineseaesthetics.,8)WhatdoesSong-dynastyporcelainemphasize?,Song-dynastyporcelainemphasizesinternalbeauty.,9)Whyisunderglazeredporcelainnotsopopularasblue-and-whiteporcelain?,Comprehension,Underglazeredporcelainisnotsopopularasblue-and-whiteporcelainbecauseitisdifficulttoproduce.,10)WhattechniquesareadoptedinChineseporcelainundertheinfluenceofEuropeanpainting?,UndertheinfluenceofEuropeanpaintingEuropeanartistictechniquesareintroducedinChineseporcelaindesign,suchastheuseoflightandshadow,tomakethewholedesignvividwiththree-dimensionaleffects.,2.PutthefollowingintoEnglishbyreferringtothepassage,2)青花瓷器,Comprehension,1)开片瓷器,crackleware,blue-and-whiteporcelain,3)釉里红瓷器,underglazeredporcelain,4)粉彩瓷器,famille-roseporcelain,Differentkindsofporcelain:,1)茶杯,Comprehension,teacup,2)碗,bowl,3)香炉,incenseburner,4)盘,plate,Containers:,5)瓶,vase,1)菊花,Comprehension,chrysanthemum,2)莲花,lotuspetals,3)栀子花,gardenia,4)石榴,pomegranate,Objectsinpatterns:,5)芍药,Chineseherbaceouspeony,6)茶花,Comprehension,camellia,7)芭蕉树,palmtree,8)石头,rocks,9)竹丛,grovesofbamboo,10)五色花瓣,five-colorpetals,11)风景,landscape,11)花鸟,bird-and-flower,Communication,Thefollowingisapassageonrococo.Theunderlinedsentenceistakenfromthepassage.FindthebestplacewherethesentencecouldbeputfromA,B,CandD.,However,sincethemid-19thcentury,thetermhasbeenacceptedbyarthistorians.Rococoisastyleof18thcenturyFrenchartandinteriordesign.ARococoroomsweredesignedastotalworksofartwithelegantandornatefurniture,smallsculptures,ornamentalmirrors,andtapestry(挂毯)complementingarchitecture,reliefs,andwallpaintings.ItwaslargelysupplantedbytheNeoclassicstyle.,BTheword“rococo”isseenasacombinationoftheFrenchrocaille,meaningstone,andcoquilles,meaningshell,duetorelianceontheseobjectsasmotifsofdecoration.CItmayalsoberelatedtotheItalianbarocco,orBaroquestyle.Duetorococospreferringtoshell-likecurvesandfocusingondecorativearts,somecriticsusedthetermtoderogativelyimplythatthestylewasfrivolous(琐屑的)ormerelymodish(时髦的);whenthetermwasfirstusedinEnglishinabout1836,itwasacolloquialism(口语用词)meaning“old-fashioned”.,Communication,DWhilethereisstillsomedebateonthehistoricalsignificanceofthestyletoartingeneral,rococoisnowwidelyrecognizedasamajorperiodinthedevelopmentofEuropeanart.,Communication,D,Application,ThestoryoftheZha