美国标志性建筑中英文介绍-文档资料

1,美国标志性建筑介绍,2,1.纽约中央火车站（GrandCentralTerminal）,3,4,2.MountRushmore拉什莫尔山,MountRushmoreisamemorialtothebirth，growth，preservationanddevelopmentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica.GutzonBorglumsculptedbustsofPresidentsGeorgeWashington，ThomasJefferson，TheodoreRoosevelt，andAbrahamLincolnhighintheBlackHillstorepresentthefirst150yearsofAmericanhistory.TheprimaryresourceatMountRushmoreisthegranitesculptureitself，butalsoofinterestistheSculptorsStudiobuiltunderthedirectionofSculptorGutzonBorglumin1939.Uniqueplastermodelsandtoolsrelatedtothesculptingprocessaredisplayedinthestudio.,5,3.TheWhiteHouse,6,Foralmosttwohundredyears,theWhiteHousehasstoodasasymbolofthePresidency,theUnitedStatesgovernment,andtheAmericanpeople.Itshistory,andthehistoryofthenationscapital,beganwhenPresidentGeorgeWashingtonsignedanActofCongressinDecemberof1790declaringthatthefederalgovernmentwouldresideinadistrictnotexceedingtenmilessquare.ontheriverPotomac.PresidentWashington,togetherwithcityplannerPierreLEnfant,chosethesiteforthenewresidence,whichisnow1600PennsylvaniaAvenue.Aspreparationsbeganforthenewfederalcity,acompetitionwasheldtofindabuilderofthePresidentsHouse.Nineproposalsweresubmitted,andIrish-bornarchitectJamesHobanwonagoldmedalforhispracticalandhandsomedesign.,7,4.TheLibertyStatue,8,9,Thestatue,whichdepictsLibertythrowingoffhershacklesandholdingabeacontolighttheworld,wasthecreationoftheFrenchsculptorFrdricAugusteBartholdi,whocrafteditahundredyearsaftertheAmericanRevolutioninrecognitionofsolidaritybetweentheFrenchandAmericanpeople(thoughitsfairtoaddthatBartholdioriginallyintendedthestatueforAlexandriainEgypt).BartholdibuiltLibertyinParisbetween1874and1884,startingwithaterracottamodelandenlargingitthroughfoursuccessiveversionstoitspresentsize,aconstructionofthincoppersheetsboltedtogetherandsupportedbyanironframeworkdesignedbyGustaveEiffel.ThearmcarryingthetorchwasexhibitedinMadisonSquareParkforsevenyears,butthewholestatuewasntofficiallyacceptedonbehalfoftheAmericanpeopleuntil1884,afterwhichitwastakenapart,cratedupandshippedtoNewYork.,10,5.战争墙/越南阵亡将士纪念碑(theVietnamVeteransMemorial),11,6.GoldenGateBridge,12,TheorangetowersoftheGoldenGateBridge-probablythemostbeautiful,certainlythemostphotographedbridgeintheworld-arevisiblefromalmosteverypointofelevationinSanFrancisco.TheonlycleftinNorthernCalifornias600-milecontinentalwall,foryearsthismile-widestraitwasconsideredunbridgeable.Asmuchanarchitecturalasanengineeringfeat,theGoldenGatetookonly52monthstodesignandbuild,andwasopenedin1937.DesignedbyJosephStrauss,itwasthefirstreallymassivesuspensionbridge,withaspanof4200ft,anduntil1959rankedastheworldslongest.ItconnectsthecityatitsnorthwesterlypointonthepeninsulatoMarinCountyandNorthernCalifornia,renderingthehithertoessentialferrycrossingredundant,andwasdesignedtowithstandwindsofuptoahundredmilesanhourandtoswingasmuchas27ft.,13,7.theLincolnMemorial,14,theLincolnmemorialisafittingtributetothemanwhoheldthecountrytogetherduringthecivilwarandtherebyputanendtoslaveryintheus.acraggylikenessofabrahamlincolnsitsfirmlygraspingthearmsofhisthrone-likechair，apparent