被动语态复习.ppt

8Bunit34语法复习被动语态,被动语态基本用法：由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。,表示谓语与主语之间的关系的动词形式叫做语态。英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主语+谓语（执行者）（主动语态）Wecleantheclassroomeveryday.主语+谓语（承受者）（被动语态）Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.,一般现在时amisare(not)+vt.p.p.,一般过去时waswere(not)+vt.p.p.,一般将来时will(not)bebegoingtobe+vt.p.p.,情态动词aux.v.(mustcancouldmay+be+vt.p.p.),现在进行时be(am、is、are)(not)+being+vt.p.p.,现在完成时havehas(not)+been+vt.p.p.,被动语态的构成：be+vt.p.p.,Wecanusethepassivevoicewhen动作的执行者是显而易见的.Wordprocessingskillsaretaughtinourcomputerlessons.2.记不得或不知道谁是动作的执行者.Theprinterwassoldalready.3.动作比执行者更重要或无需说明执行者。EducationalCD-ROMsaresoldinmanycountries.,Hisbrotherwashesclotheseveryday.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Clothes,arewashed,by,hisbrother,everyday.,变为被动语态,1.Hecleansthemeeting-roomeveryday.Themeetingroomiscleanedeveryday.2.Theysoldthatkindofshoesinthisshoplastweek.Thatkindofshoesweresoldinthisshoplastweek.3.Theywillfinishalltheworkinaweek.Alltheworkwillbefinishedinaweek.4.Theyhavebuiltthreenewstationsinthecitysofar.Threenewstationshavebeenbuiltinthecitysofar.5.Youshouldfollowyourparentsadvice.Yourparentsadviceshouldbefollowed.,单宾语肯定句：,6.Hedoesntshowthestampstome.Thestampsarentshowntome.7.PeopledontgrowriceinthewestofJapan.RiceisntgrowninthewestofJapan.8.Hedidntbuyanythingtherebeforeheleft.Nothingwasboughttherebeforeheleft.9.Theycantmendthebikeinthatshop.Thebikecantbemendedinthatshop.10.Theyhaventfoundthelostcat.Thelostcathasntbeenfound.,否定句：,11.DoesKatesometimesbreakglasses?AreglassedsometimesbrokenbyKate?12.DoyoualwayssendalettertoMrHu?IsaletteralwayssenttoMrHu?13Canyoumendthisradiohere?Canthisradiobemendedhere?14.Whatdoestheteacheroftentelltheboystodo?Whataretheboysoftentoldtodobytheteacher?15.Howmanydeskshavetheyboughtthisterm?Howmanydeskshavebeenboughtthisterm？,疑问句：,16.Youshouldlistentotheteachercarefully.Theteachershouldbelistenedtocarefully.17.MayIlookafterthebabyathome?Maythebabybelookedafterathome?18.Havetheyhandedintheirexercise-books?Havetheirexercise-booksbeenhandedin?19.Wewilltakegoodcareofherbaby.Herbabywillbetakengoodcareofbyus.20.Youhadbetterthrowtherubbishintothedustbin.Therubbishhadbetterbethrownintothedustbin.,谓语动词为介词短语：,21.Iboughtmydaughteranewwatch.Anewwatchwasboughtformydaughter.Mydaughterwasboughtanewwatch.22.FatherwillmakemeakitethisSunday.AkitewillbemadeformebymyfatherthisSunday.IwillbemadeakitebymyfatherthisSunday.23.Ihaveshownthemthephotos.Thephotoshavebeenshowntothem.Theyhavebeenshownthephotos.24.TheYouthgavemesomesuggestionsintheletter.Somesuggestionsweregiventomebytheyouthworkerintheletter.Iwasgivensomesuggestonsbytheyouthworkerintheletter.,双宾语：,总结：主语+谓语+间接宾语(通常指人)+直接宾语(通常指物)（习惯上把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语）主动：Mymotherwillgivemeashirt.被动:Iwillbegivenashirt(bymymother).,如果把直接宾语改为主语时，则在间接宾语前加to或for常见加to动词：give/show/send/lend/pass等常见加for的动词:make/buy/get/sing等,25.Thebossmadetheworkersworkallday.Theworkersweremadetoworkallday26.Wesawtheboysenterthehouse.Theboyswereseentoenterthehouse.27.Wesawsomeboysplayingfootballbehindthehouse.Someboyswereseenplayingfootballbehindthehouse.总结在let,see,watch,make,hear等后接不带to的不定式时在变为被动时,一定要把to放上去。,宾语补足语为不带to的不定式：,(4).没有被动语态的三种情况不及物动词,如:happen,takeplace,appear,disappear,fail,haveremain(剩下,剩余),lie,last,sit,stand,breakout(突然发生,爆发),breakdown,cometrue(实现),belongto等e.g.1)Whathashappenedtoyourbrother?2)TheWarIIbrokeoutin1939.感官动词,如:look,sound,smell,feel,taste等e.g.Hervoicesoundsverysoft.某些及物动词+副词表示性能,如:wash,write,sell,read等e.g.Thiskindofshirtswasheseasilyandsellswell.,(3).但许多不及物动词加介词或副词是一个不可分割的整体,变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语的介词或副词。,e.g.1)ThechildhasbeentakengoodcareofbyGrandmaWangalltheseyears.2)Anoticehasbeenputuponthewall.,用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空1.Whichlanguage_themostwidely_（speak）intheworld？2.Lastyearalargenumberoftrees_（cut）down3.Thestudents_often_(tell)totakecareoftheirdesksandchairs.4.Vegetables,eggsandfruits_(sell)inthisshop.5.What_knives_(make)of?They_(make)ofmetal(金属)andwood.6.Theroom_(clean)bymeeveryday.,is,spoken,werecut,are,told,aresold,are,made,aremade,iscleaned,7.Theflowers_(water)byLiMingeveryafternoon.8.Thiskindofshoes_(sell)well.9.Howlong_youruncle_(be)inthecity?10._you_(see)thefilmyet?Yes,I_(see)itlastweek.11.Thefood_(smell)delicious.12.Look!Someone_(dance).,arewatered,sell,has,been,Have,seen,saw,smells,isdancing,动词填空：,1.Somethingmust_(do)toprotectourenvironment.2.He_(chose)tobethehostoftheshowlastWednesday.3.Animportantconference_(arrange)nextTuesdaymorning.4.Manytrees_(plant)alongtherailwayrecently.5.Youcantusethecomputer.It_(repair)now.6.Ilikethebooks_byHanhanbest.(write)7.Thedirtyshoesneed_(clean).8.Whatquestions_(ask)attomorrowsmeeting?9.Thiskindofshirts_well(wash).10.Shehasaface_(mark)withworries.11.Ithinkthewatches_inJapanareexpensive.(make)12.Tea_(drink)bypeopleallovertheworld.13.Halfanhoursexerciseaday_doctorsaway.(k