高中英语语法-分词

,分词的用法,非谓语动词分词,分词具有动词、形容词和副词的特征,分词可以带状语，及物动词的分词可以带宾语,分词的特征,对比,两类动词、两种分词形式的,1.现在分词一般式主动语态：表示分词的动作与谓语动词的动作同时进行。eg.,Crusoehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.,Laughingandtalking,theywentoutofthehall.,Didyounoticehishandshaking?,2.现在分词完成式主动语态：表示分词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已经完成。eg.,Havingfinishedhisbreakfast,hetookhisfishingthingsandwentintohisboat.,Nothavingdoneitright,Itriedagain.,现在分词,3.现在分词一般式被动语态：表示一个被动动作正在进行。eg.,ThecarbeingrepairedbelongstoMr.Smith.,4.现在分词完成式被动语态：表示分词的动作在谓语动词的动作之前已经完成。eg.,Thelargebuildingbeingbuiltdownthestreetwillbeahospital.,Havingbeenshownthelabs,weweretakentoseethelibrary.,Havingbeenquestioned,themurdererwasthrownintoprison.,过去分词只有一个形式，及物动词的过去分词有完成和被动的意义；不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成的意义，而没有被动的意义。eg.,Thevisitorslookedsurprised.,Areyoumarriedorsingle?,Shehadherhairdressedyesterday.,Youmayhaveyourworkdoneifyouaretoobusy.,Heated,waterwillchangeintosteam.,Encouragedbyhisteacherswords,Robbytriedagainandsucceededintheend.,过去分词,分词和分词短语的用法,1.作定语单纯分词作定语前置，分词短语作定语后置。eg.,Askthechildrentokeepawayfromtherunningmachine.,ThemangivingatalkisaprofessorfromtheUSA.,MissGreenisateacherlovedbyallthestudents.,Theboycryingtherelosthiswayhome.,Theboilingwaterisgivingoutsteam.,Thepeopleinjuredintheaccidentlastweekarestillinhospital.,Livinginthenextdoor,Iknowhimverywell.,Notknowingwhattodo,heturnedtohisfather.,Havingbeensetfree,thedoctordiscoveredtheterriblewrongsthatthenobleshaddonetothepoor.,Themangotonataxi,takingasuitcaseinhishand.,Surroundedbyalotofnewsmen,themayorofthecityfelthehadtosaysomething.,Deeplymovedbythestory,theireyeswerefulloftears.,Helpedbyherfriend,sheworkedouttheproblemintheend.,表示时间、伴随、方式、原因等。eg.,2.作状语,3.作表语,说明主语怎么样。eg.,ThewholefamilyfeltexcitedaboutGrandpasarrival.,Thestorysoundsveryexciting.,Thelittleboyseemedfrightened.,Hewassoexcitedatthegoodnewsthathecouldhardlyfallasleep.,Thattheyhadwonthegamewassurprising.,Whatthefatherhadsaidwasreallyencouraging.,Peopleofthewholecountrywereencouragedwhentheyheardthenewsthattheirarmyhaddefeatedtheenemy.,4.作宾补,补充说明宾语怎么样或正在做什么。eg.,Ioftenseehimdoingmorningexercisesintheopenair.,Hecouldfeelhisheartbeatingveryfast.,Hewenttohisofficeearlyonlytofinditbrokeninto.,Haveyou