英语(二)自学考试

英语（二）自学考试备考指南,By：余勇,目录,一、考什么二、考试题型三、如何备考四、学习方法讲解五、做题方法讲解（真题）,一、考什么？,考试要求：1.较系统的英语语法知识；2.约3800个英语单词&约750个词组；3.一定的英语写作能力重点：基本词汇和语法目的：培养阅读能力优势：没有听力与其他英语考试对比：高考约3500词汇Pets3约4000词汇CET4约4000词汇CET6约6000词汇,TEM4约8000词汇TEM8约12000词汇TOEFL约8000词汇IELTS约8000词汇,二、考试题型,总分100，考试时长150分钟题型如下：阅读判断：10阅读选择：10概括大意，补全句子：10填句补文：10填词补文：15完形补文：15写作：30,主观题,客观题,三、如何备考,植根书本课文、多做模拟题与真题1.单词记忆放在具体语境中，尤其是课文；把生词记忆和课文经合，记单词是为学课文服务。2.通过做基础语法练习和阅读练习来巩固和加强基本词汇和常用词组的练习。3.在考试题的练习中巩固和提高词汇的应用能力。4.占卷面总分一半的试题所用的句子是根据教材中出现的句子编写的。其余的试题所用句子虽然不是引自教材，但他们的选择也是严格按照考试大纲的要求和教材的范围进行的。5.语法系统性,四、学习方法讲解,1）单词记忆构词记忆、分类记忆、同反义记忆、阅读记忆等构词记忆：前缀、后缀、词根、词干、合成un-unable,unemployment,uncoverre-rebuild,recycle,rewrite,review-fulbeautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful-ousdangerous,generous,courageous扩展：createcreatorcreationcreativecreativelySucceedsuccesssuccessfulsuccessfully,分类记忆island岛、岛状物insular海岛peninsula半岛islet小岛快乐的，高兴的happy,joyous,blessed,pleasing,delightful同反义记忆accept,receiveaccident,event,incidentproblem,issue,question,matter合成词weekend,homesick,womanpolice,man-made,duty-free,坚持四个原则多感观记忆：眼看，口读，手写，耳听，心记联系记忆理解记忆复习记忆,2）语法学习十种词性，十六种时态，两种语态，三种语气名词动词形容词副词代词数词,实词,介词冠词连词感叹词,虚词,主动语态和被动语态陈述语气，祈使语气，虚拟语气,3.句子构成简单句的五种基本句型：并列句：And,but,yet,for,so,andso,while,whereas,or,aswellas,ratherthan,eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso,besides等感叹句、祈使句,复合句主语从句宾语从句同位语从句表语从句定语从句限制性&非限制性定语从句状语从句时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、方式、比较、目的、结果另：主谓一致倒装,名词性从句,五、解题方法讲解（真题）,一、阅读判断先看题，从第一题开始从文中找相对应的句子，如果文中有一样的，则判断是否正确，如果按顺序做下来没看到相同或相近意思的句子，则先标记出来，做完10道题后再快速浏览文章，核对有无出现。确定没有后选择答案C，表示文中没有给出。请看下题：1.Iwasunhappywithmylifethreeyearsago.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGivenP1：Irememberoneeveningthreeyearsago,whenmylifewasverydifferent.1wasoverweight.Iwasdeeplyindebt.Iwasasmoker.Ifelthopelessandhelpless.Icouldntchangeanything.技巧：1.题目中有时间，所以先确定文章中时间所在地；2.题目讲的是unhappy，看文章有没有相同，相近或相反的词。注意unhappy，所以也要注意文中出现not/no的地方。hopeless无希望的；helpless无助的-less，形容词尾缀，表否定。,2.Idrankeverydayandcouldntstopit.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven3.Iwasunabletosupportmyfamily.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGivenP1：Irememberoneeveningthreeyearsago,whenmylifewasverydifferent.1wasoverweight.Iwasdeeplyindebt.Iwasasmoker.Ifelthopelessandhelpless.Icouldntchangeanything.P2：ThenIlookedupattheskyandthoughtwhatamiraclelifeis.AndIresolvedtolistthegoodthingsinmylife.Ihadawonderfulwife.1hadfiveamazingchildren.Icouldseeandappreciatethebeautyoftheworldaroundme.Thelistwenton,butyougettheidea.Evenwhenthingsseemedterribleforme,actuallyIwasOK.注：第二题说drank，但是通观第一和第二段都没有看见同义词，所以暂时判断为文中没提。同理第三题在前两段也未出现。,4.OneeveningIcametoanewunderstandingofmylife.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven5.Manypeoplevaluethehabitofgratitudenowadays.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGivenP3:ThatnightIresolvedtobegratefulfor(对心存感激)whatIhad,andforthepeopleinmylife.Istartedthehabitofgratitude.Nowmanypeopleconsideritunimportant.Imheretotellyouthatitsveryimportant.Itchangeslives.注：从第2段和第3段第一句中的resolved可以看到第4题答案。resolve除了表解决外，还可以表转变，正好和第4题的cametoanewlife相照应。第5题，很多人可能对value这个词的名词意思很熟悉，即价值，但这里考的是熟词生义，即value做动词时可表重视。而unimportant正好表示相反的意思。通过这两题我们可以看到，如果词汇量不够，就是再多的技巧也不一定有用。,6.NowIhaveacloserrelationshipwithmywife.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven7.Iamnowmorestrictwithmykids.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGivenP4.NowIappreciatemywifeEvamore.Ifeelgoodabouthavingherinmylife.Andwehavedeepenedourrelationship.Ialsoappreciatemykidsmore.Insteadofcriticizingthem,Itendtonoticetheirloveliness,curiosityandhumor.注：第6题的closer是一个比较级，表更亲近的，那么我们从第四段可以找到两个对应的词，一个是more,另一个是deepened,前者表更，后者是由deep引申而来的动词，表加深。同理第7题的更严厉可以与insteadofcriticizingthem呼应，其中insteadof表转折，所以可以得出答案。,8.Ilikemakingfriendswithpeoplearoundme.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven9.Inowtrytoseethegoodinothers.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGiven10.Asmallactiondoesntworktochangeonesbadhabit.A.TrueB.FalseC.NotGivenP5.Toothersaroundme,atworkandeverywhereelse,becauseinsteadofseeingthefaultsineveryone,Iseethegood,andamgratefulforthem.Ineedless，becauseinsteadofthinkingaboutwhatIdonthave,IamgratefulforwhatIdohave.Eachandeverymomentbecomescauseforgratitude,andlifebecomeseasier.P6.Withoutthehabitofgratitude,wetendtocomplainandseethebadinpeopleandthings.Wecantchangethatatonce,butyoucandosomething.Forexample,youcanstartwithasmallaction.Reallyfeelthehappinessthatsomethingorsomeoneisinyourlife,ortakeamomenttomakealistofthethingsinyourlifethatyourethankfulfor.,本题总结：按顺序做题同近义词词义辨析_二：阅读选择(略),二：概括段落大意和补全句子,16.D.ImpactofancientGreekvalues.AncientGreekcivilizationhasgreatlyhelpedthebuildingoftodayssociety.Manycountriesnowstillbasetheirlawsandethics(伦理）ontheteachingsanddoingsofancientGreeks.Ineverydaylife,ancientGreeksvaluedloyalty,glory,intelligenceandhospitality(好客).Thesemayseemsimplevalues,buttheydideffectivelyshapeancientGreeceintoamostreferencedcultureinhistory.21.AncientGreekvaluesareheld(B.inmanycountries),A.EducationinancientGreece.DuringancientGreece,menwererequiredtogotoschoolandlearn.Boysweretaughtathomeuntiltheywere6yearsoldandthensentofftoschoolAncientGreekschoolsfeaturedastructurethathadboysinschoolfromtheageofsixuntilfourteenandthenanoptionaladditionalfouryears.Theboysweretrainedinartsandincitizentraining.CitizentrainingpreparedGreekboysfortwoaspectsofadultlife,whichwerepeaceandwar.22.YoungmeninancientGreecewererequired(A.togotoschool).,F.SenseofhonorofancientGreeks.GloryforyoungmeninancientGreecewasthesameasfametoyoungpeopletoday.Storiesofwargloriesandbattleswerehandeddowntoyoungmensothattheydesiredtomaketheirnamesalongwiththevictoryofabattle.23.YoungGreekshadastrongdesire(C.toachievehonor)B.FriendlinessofancientGreeks.HelpingyourfellowmanwasanimportantaspectoflifeinancientGreece.AncientGreekswerekindandgenerous.Theyofferedfood,shelterandprotectiontravelerswithoutquestion.Theybelievedthathelpingotherswastheirbrotherlyduty.24.AncientGreekssawitasaduty(F.tohelpothers),E.TopvalueofancientGreeks.LoyaltyisperhapsthemostimportantvalueofancientGreekcivilization.ItwasstressedineverythingtheGreeksdid.Theybelievedinloyaltytothefamily,thecommunityandmostimportantlytothegods.ThegodsofancientGreeceoftensentteststocitizens.Keepingfaiththroughthetestswasasignofloyaltyandbelief.25.AncientGreeksstressedloyalty(D.inwhatevertheydid),四：填句补文,ThePowerofPositiveThinkingHumanemotionisoneofthosefactorsthatcannothedefinedexactly.Thereasonisthatitisquiteuncertain.Wecannotchangethefeelingsthatarerousedwhenweexperiencedifferentthings.(26B.However.wemustalwaysrememberthatwecancontrolourreactions.)Somepeopleforgetthattheyareincontrol.Theymaketheirchoicesbasedontheiremotions.Iheyexperiencefailureandlossandlettheiremotionsruletheirdecisions.Theyaretrappedintheirsadnessandthus.experiencemorefailure.Somepeoplesaytheyneedaluckybreaktorecoverfromtheirfailures.(27E.However,liferarelygivespeopleabreak.)Theyneedtogetovertheirfailuresontheirown.Buthowdotheydothat?Iheansweris:positivethinking.,Peopleoftenfailtorealizethepowerofpositivethinking.(28A.Theyfailtorealizethattheirworstenemylieswithinthemselves.)Theyfailtorealizethattheyonlyneedtoovercometheirfearsinordertotrulysucceedinlife.Theyjusthavetoomuchprideandareblindedoftheirownshortcomings.Thepowerofpositivethinkingliesinbelief.(29F.Youneedtobelievethatyouareincontrol.)Youmakethedecisionsthataffectyourlife.Youmaynotbeabletochangeyourenvironment,butyouareabletochangethewayyoureacttoit.通过前后句主语判断不能选D。Thepowerofpositivethinkingliesbeyondfalsecourage.Youneedlotakeanotherlookattheworldaroundyou.(30C.Youcantjusttakealookatyourfailures,oryouwilllosehope.)Youcantrestonyoursuccess.orfoolishpridewillcauseyoutomakewrongdecisions.D.Wecanbenefitalotfrompositivethinking.,五：填词补文,MeetFamousPeopleinLondonManypeopleliketoseefamouspeople.Butfamouspeopledont（31L.usually）liketobelookedat.Atleast,theydontliketobelookedatalldayeveryday!However,thereisone（32C.place）inEnglandwhereyoucanlookatlotsoffamouspeopleeveryday.ThatisMadameTussauds（杜莎夫人腊像馆）,themostpopular（33Ftourist）attractioninLondon.31.通过but可知其为转折句，对比上一句意思，可以选择最适合的单词为usually。32.通过where可以看出这是一个地点状语从语，place正好表示地方。33.Touristattraction为固定搭配，指旅游景点。,Onmostdaysoftheyear,（34H.lines）ofvisitorscanbeseenoutsideMadameTussauds.Theywantto（35I.get）inandseesomeofthemostfamouspeopleintheworld.Ifyoulike,youcan（36D.talk）tothosefilmstars,sportsstarsorpoliticiansinMadameTussauds,buttheywont（37K.say）anythingtoyou,becausetheycant!MadameTussaudsisawaxworks(蜡像馆)，andthe“famouspeople”inthebuildingaremadeoutofwax.But,thisdoesnt（38A.seem）tobeaproblem.Ordinarypeoplelikelookingat（39G.extraordinary）people,eveniftheyareonly（40E.statues）.Itsbetterthannothing!34.游客的队伍可以在MT的外面见到，外面见到不是排队是什么？35.通过上句的outside和本句的in可以看出是进入。36.&37.两者对应，而且是近义，那么选项里面只有D，K是近义。38.但是，这些似乎并不是问题。39.&40.普通人想要看大人物，即使他们只是雕像。,六：完形补文,DontBeAfraidofMakingMistakesLostofpeopledontdaretomakemistakes(mistake).Theyfearthattheywillberidiculedor(41)(blame)byothers.Theyfearthattheywilllosetheirmoneyandbelongingsorbeunderalotofstress.Butrisksare(42)(actual)unavoidableandtheydopavethewaytowardssuccess.Haveyouever(43)(hear)ofsomeonewhoachievessuccesswithoutmakinganymistakesbefore?41.该空前有一个or，表明这是一个选择结构，所以前后动词应该保持一致，or前用的ridiculed,所以blame应该用过去分词结构blamed.42.Unavoidable很明显是一个加了-able尾缀的形容词，而修饰形容词的只能是副词，所以前面actual应该变形为actually.43.本句句首是Have，那么很明显的是现在完成时态，那么动词除了要考虑时态外，还要考虑主被动语态，这句话是主动语态，所以应该填hea