虚拟语气精讲精练.ppt

虚拟语气精讲精练,虚拟语气,虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设,该语法主要用于if条件状语从句,也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。,通常有三种情况：,与过去事实相反。,与现在事实相反。,与将来事实可能相反。,例：IfIhadcomeheryesterday,Iwouldhaveseenhim.如果我昨天来，就会看见他了。,Ifyouhadgotupearlier,youcouldhavecaughtthetrain.如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车的。,与过去相反,Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycouldhavedoneiteasilythatday.,1.如果他们以前努力学习的话，那天干的就会容易些。,2.如果他不听取我的建议，他就不会干得这样好。,Ifhehadnottakenmyadvice,hewouldnthavedoneitmuchbetterlikethis.,IfI_timelastnight,I_toseethefilmwithyou.,hadhad,wouldhavegone,Ifhemorecarefully,hethecaraccidentyesterday.,haddriven,wouldnothavehad,IfIhowtoswim,Itrappedinthisisland.,hadlearnt,wouldnothavebeen,Ifthestaffhadbeenmorecareful,themallwouldnotbeonfirenow.,例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反,Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodonow.,NOTES:,例：IfIwereateacher,Iwouldbestrictwithmystudents.,IfIhadHIV,IwouldknowbecauseIwouldfeelsick.,hadHIV,wouldfeel,were,wouldbe,与现在相反,Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery?IfIwonthelottery,Iwould,IfIwonthelottery,Iwouldbuyanexpensivecar.,IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla.,IfIhadalotofmoneynow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.,Ifitwerefinenow,Iwouldgoshopping.,IfI_ateacher,I.,were,1.Iftheteacheraskedmetosolvetheproblemnexttime,Icouldtrymybest.,2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.,3.Ifweweretopanic,wewouldnotbeabletohelp.,与将来相反,如果你成功了，一切都会好起来。,Ifyou,everythingallright.Ifyou,everythingallright.Ifyou,everythingallright.,succeeded,wouldbe,shouldsucceed,weretosucceed,wouldbe,Ifhegotupearly,hewouldbeontime,wish,InSubjunctivemood,虚拟语气的特殊用法：,1,IwishIwereastallasyou.,IwishIwereabird.,Iwisheverydayweremybirthday.,Iwish/wishedIhadnteatensomuchwatermelon.,Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.,+did(与事实相反的情况,),+haddone(与过去事实相反),+would/could/might+do(将来不大可能实现的愿望),另外,DemandSuggestOrderProposeRequestCommandInsistetc,+(should)do,表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等,2,asif/asthough,did与现在事实相反的,haddone与过去事实相反或想象的事物,Hebehavesasifheownedthehouse.,(Buthedoesntownitorprobablydoesntownitorwedontknowwhetherheownsitornot.),HetalksaboutRomeasthoughhehadbeentherehimself.,Practice,主语从句中的虚拟语气,例句Itsnecessarythatweshouldhaveawalknow.我们有必要出去散散步。Itsnaturalthatsheshoulddoso.她这样做是很自然的。Itsimportantthatweshouldtakegoodcareofthepatient.重要的是我们要照顾好病人。,3,在句型“Itisimportant(necessary,strange,natural)that.”中，that后面的从句中的谓语动词用：should+动词原形,虚拟语气几个特例,2.Its(high/right)timethatthat从句要用虚拟语气：过去时或should+doItstimethatyouleft/shouldleavehere.,1.ifonly意为：若是.那该多好啊;真希望.;只要,只要.就好表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态,IfonlyIhadarrivedintime!,Ifonlyshedidntdrivesofast.,Withoutyourhelp,wewouldnothavemadesuchrapidprogress.Butformybrothershelp,Iwouldnothavefinisheditontime.Ihadtodosth.moreimportant,otherwiseImighthavehelped.,虚拟语气几个特例,3.一些介词短语,如:butfor(要不是),without,otherwise(否则),等表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气,1.Alan_thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe_thatdrug.A.nottakeB.shouldnthavetakenC.didnttakeD.hadnttaken,Canyoufinishtheseexercise,3.Simonlooksasthoughhenever_asquaremeal(吃得饱),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget4.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe_there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been,5.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?-No,butIwishI_.A.haveB.willC.doD.had6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken,7.(2002上海高考题)ItishardformetoimaginewhatIwouldbedoingtodayifI_inlove，attheageofseven，withtheMelindaCoxLibraryinmyhometown.A.wouldnthavefallenB.hadnotfallenC.shouldfallD.weretofall,8.Ifit_sohard，wedgototown.A.isntrainingB.werentrain