unit5 Nelson Mandela grammar 定语从句学习资料讲解.ppt

Grammar,who人主，宾，表whom人宾whose人定which物主，宾，表that人或物主，宾，表when（in等+which）时间词（时间）状语where(in等+which)地点词（地点）状语how方式词（方式）状语why（forwhich）reason（原因）状语,先行词,充当从句的,1.HeisaChinesebasketballplayer_isinNBA.whichB.whomC.whoseD.who,revision,2.Thisisourschool_weloveverymuch.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose,3.Westudyinaschool_environment（环境）isverybeautiful.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose,4.Thisisthedininghall（食堂）_foodisverydelicious.A.whoseB.whichC.thatD.who,关系副词的用法,时间,时间状语,地点,地点状语,原因,原因状语,关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充当状语。,FindouttheattributiveclausesinReading.,Para.11.ThetimewhenIfirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.2.Itwasin1952andMandelawastheblacklawyertowhomIwentforadvice.3.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,forwhichIwasgrateful.,Para.24.TheschoolwhereIstudiedforonlytwoyearswasthreekm.away.5.However,thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.,Para.36.ThedaywhenNelsonMandelahelpedmewasoneofmyhappiest.7.,untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.,Para.48.Theycouldnotgetthejobtheywanted.9.Thepartsoftowninwhichtheyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhitepeople.10.TheplacesoutsidethetownswheretheyweresenttolivewerethepoorestpartsofSouthAfrica.,11.Wewereputintoapositioninwhichwehadeithertoacceptwewerelessimportant,orfightthegovernment.12.Wefirstbrokethelawinawaywhichwaspeaceful.,“when”means“atthattime”,“where”means“atthatplace”,“why”isusedaftertheword“reason”.,EliasfirstmetMandelain1952.,Hewas12yearsoldin1952.,EliasfirstmetMandelain1952whenhewas12yearsold.,WhendidEliasfirstmeetMandela?Andhowoldwashe?,先行词,关系副词,定语从句,August8th,2008isthedaywhenthe29thOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijing.,先行词,1.August8th,2008istheday2.The29thOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingontheday.,定语从句,关系副词,August8th,2008isthedayonwhichthe29thOlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijing.,IstillremembertheholidayswhenIstayedwiththem.when=duringtheholidaysIstillremembertheholidaysduringwhichIstayedwiththem.,duringwhich,when,小结：when在定语从句中作时间状语，只能跟在表时间（如：time,day,week,month,etc.）相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”when=in/at/on/during+which,Theschoolwas3kilometersaway.,Eliasstudiedintheschoolfor2years.,TheschoolwhereEliasstudiedfortwoyearswas3kilometersaway.,2.HowfarwasEliasschool?HowlongdidEliasstudyintheschool?,定语从句,先行词,关系副词,Beijingisthecity_the2008OlympicGameswillbeheld.,where,Beijingisthecitywherethe2008OlympicGameswillbeheld.,Beijingisthecity.,The2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinthecity.,Beijingisthecityinwhichthe2008OlympicGameswillbeheld.,定语从句,ThetownwhereourschoollocatediscalledYucheng.,定语从句,1.ThetowniscalledYucheng2.OurschoollocatedinYucheng.,结论：where=inwhich:inYucheng,小结：where在定语从句中作地点状语(如：place,school,factory,room,etc.)，相当于“介词+关系代词（which）”。地点where=at/in/on+which,Becausehisfamilycouldntpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.,ThereasonwhyEliaslefthisschoolwasthathisfamilycouldntpaytheschoolfeesandthebusfare.,Thereasonwhywasthat,3.WhydidEliasleavehisschool?,关系副词,先行词,定语从句,Thereasonwasdestroyedisthattyphoonhit,Thereason_Zhejiangwasdestroyedisthatthetyphoonhitit.,浙江,罗莎,why,ThereasonwhyZhejiangwasdestroyedisthatthetyphoonhitit.,Thereasonisthatthetyphoonhitit.Zhejiangwasdestroyedforthereason.,forwhich,定语从句,关系副词,先行词,Thereasonwhyherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear.,关系副词,why=forthereason,定语从句,先行词,forwhich,小结：Why通常跟在reason后引导定语从句,作原因状语，相当于“介词for+关系代词（which）”。,关系代词前介词的确定:,TheyllneverforgetJuly1onwhichHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.1992istheyearinwhichyouwereborn.,小结:根据先行词的习惯搭配,TheschooltowhichIwassentwasverylarge.HongKongisthecityfromwhichhecomes.,小结:根据定语从句中动词所需习惯搭配,总结关系副词:where,when,why,时间when=in/at/on/duringwhich地点where=at/in/onwhich原因why=forwhich,Ex.,1.Atthetopofthemountainthereisasmallhouse_wecanseethebeautifulscenery.2.Whostheman_youshookhandsjustnow?3.Iwillrememberthetime_Ifirstbecameahighschoolstudent.4.Hedidntgivethereason_hewaslate.,inwhich,withwhom,atwhich,forwhich,Prep.+which/whom,a.Thisistheplacewhereheworks.Thisistheplacewhich(that)wevisitedlastyear.b.Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived.Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat(which)wespenttogether?c.Thisisthereasonwhy/forwhichhewent.Thereasonthat(which)hegaveuswasquitereasonable.,Makecomparison,先行词在定语从句中的成分不同,引导词不同。,Thisisthereason_hegaveme.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.,that/which,why,Thisisthefactory_myfatherworked.Thisisthefactory_myfathervisited.,that/which,where,October1isaday_wewillneverforget.October1isaday_ournewChinawasfounded.,that/which,when,EX.,1.Theperson_youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.2.Thepersonto_youshouldwriteisMr.Ball.3.Thegames_hecompetedinwereswimmingandshooting.4.Thegamesin_hecompetedwereswimmingandshooting.,who/that/whom,whom,which/that,which,5.October1,1949istheday_wewillneverforget.6.Isthistheshop_sellschildrensclothing/7.Hisparentswouldntlethimmarryanyone_familywaspoor.8.Thepen_heiswritingnowwasboughtyesterday.,withwhich,that/which,which/that,whose,9.Heistheman_youcanturnforhelp.10.Thisisthetreeunder_weusedtoplaygames.11.Thefarm_weworkedtenyearsagoisntwhatisusedtobe.12.Abiologistisaman_hasagreatknowledgeofbiology.,towhom,which,onwhich,who/that,13.Thepoorboy_lostbothhisparentslastyearliveswithhisgrandfather.14.Thisisthefactory_heworkedtenyearsago.15.Thisisthefactory_maketoys.16.Heistheboy_familywaspoor.,who/that,where/inwhich,whose,which/that,UsinglanguageTranslatethefollowingintoEnglishusingwhatwerelearnedjustnow.1)士兵与村民共同与敌人战斗。2)爸爸建议我多读英语报纸。3)我们应尽力阻止这种事再次发生。4)只有在那时，他才意识到他错了。5)我第一次听这首歌就喜欢它了。6)我昨天确实见到了Mike。7)他昨天没有上学的原因是他病了。8)我永远不会忘记我见到Mandela的那天。,1.Thesoldiersfoughtwiththevillagersagainsttheenemy.2.MyfatheradvisedmetoreadEnglishnewspapersmore.3.Wemusttry/doourbesttostop/keep/preventthiskin