初中英语五种基本句型总结课件.ppt

英语中的五种基本句型,英语五种基本句型：,基本句型一:+（主谓）基本句型二:+（主系表）基本句型三:+O（主谓宾）基本句型四:+IO+O（主谓间宾直宾）基本句型五：+O+（主谓宾宾补）,1.Theyworkhard.主+谓2.Plantsneedwater.主+谓+宾3.Theflowerisdead.主+系+表4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.主+谓+直宾+间宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主+谓+宾+宾补,1.Shesings.2.Shesingssongs.3.Sheisasinger.4.Shesanghimasong.5.Sheaskedhimtosingtoo.,1、Tomssister,Mary,singswerywell.2,Everymorningshesingsfolksongsatthetopofhervoicenearthewindow.3,Ifsheworkshard,shemaybecomeafamoussingersomeday.,4,Everymorning,shesingscountlesssongstoherbrother,andgivehimnopeace.5,Sometimes,naughtyMarywouldaskherangrybrothertosingtogetherwithher.,基本句型一+（主谓）,此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,e.work.run,live.stay,arrive.goto,lookat,listentoThesunwasshining.Wework.Themoonrose.,Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.Herunsinthepark.Theytalkedforhalfanhour.Thepenwritessmoothly.Birdsfly.Classbegins.Theyalsoplaytogetherafterschool.,Heoftenrunsinthemorning.Heoftenwalksaftersupper.Healwaysswimsinsummer.Flowersgrowinspring.Heislyingunderthetree.Ilivefarawayfromschool.Wetravelbybicycle.,Igetthereateight.ThebusgoesalongYuhuaRoad.Thewindisblowing.Thedaysstartbefore6oclock.Thebusstoppedatthestation.Theyliveontheninthfloor.Myeyeshurt.Thestudentsstudyhard.Thesunshinesinsummer.,基本句型二+O（主谓宾）共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,Whoknowstheanswer?Shesmiledherthanks.Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.Heenjoysreading.Theyatethreeapples.,HesaidGoodmorning.Iwanttohaveacupoftea.Heoftenplaysfootball.Ihavetwobrothers.HeneverrideshisbicycletoschoolWewatchtelevisionaftersupper,Stoptalking.Shelikesherjob.Birdsaremakingtheirnests.Myfatherreadthebook.Theywanttogo.IknowhimverywellManypeopleliketravelingbybus.,Youmustlistentome.Lookattheblackboard.Igetonthebus.Helooksafterhisbrother.Theyputupanewhospital.,基本句型三（主系表）共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。,1、表示情况或状态：（1）、be,keep,seem,appear状态（2）、feel,smell,sound,tastelook,等感官动词变化而来（3）、keep,stay,continue,remain,gorise不及物动词变化而来。,2、表示主语变化过程：get,grow,become,turn，go,come等。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。,ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.Thedinnersmellsgood.Hefellinlove.Everythinglooksdifferent.Heisgrowingtallandstrong.Thetroubleisthattheyareshortofmoney.,Ourwellhasgonedry.Hisfaceturnedred.Itisanapple.Imthirteenyearsold.Theyareinthepark.Thetallmanismyfather.ImpooratEnglish.,Thefoodtastesnicer,Itgetswarmerandwarmer.Thedaysarelonger.Hebecameascientist.Hisfacegoesred.,基本句型四（主谓间宾直宾）共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。表示动作是“对着谁”，“为了谁”做的，往往指人。怎样才能知道动作是“为了谁”还是“对着谁”，那就要根据间接宾语是表示动作的方向还是动作的目的来定。,pass,give,offer,lend,send,sell,show,bring,hand,tell,return,write,pay,teach,promise等动词表示方向，即动作是“对着谁”，后的间接宾语前用to,构成sth+tosb.如:lendthebooktome.Theoldmangavetheappletotheboy.,buy,build,make,do,fetch,get,play,save,cook,sing,find,动词后的间接宾语是表示目的，即动作是“为了谁”做的，后用sth+forsb.结构。Mybrotherboughtadictionaryforme.Mymothermadeacakeforme.,间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，即：动词+间宾+直宾Hegavemeanapple.Sheboughtherdaughteranewbike.Hetoldusanoldstory.LaoLicookedanicedinner.,Hegavemeapen.=Hegaveapentome.Shemademeacake.=Shemadeacakeforme.Hewillbuysomebooksforme.Hegaveanicepresenttoheryesterday.Hermotherboughtanewwatchforherlastweek.,但当直接宾语是人称代词，间接宾语是名词时，或两个宾语都是人称代词时，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时在间接宾语前必须加to或for.如：Ipassittomymother.Shethrewthemtome.关键是牢记只能接to和for的动词。,Ishowedhimmypictures.Igavemycarawash.Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.Shepassedhimanewdress.Shecookedheradeliciousmeal.,Shebroughtherhusbandadictionary.Heboughtyounothing.Ishowedhermypictures.Igavehimahand.Itoldhimhowtorunthemachine.,基本句型五+O+（主谓宾宾补）共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意完整。,Theymadeherhappy.Isawherdance.Ifoundthemovieinteresting.Heleftthedooropen.Heaskedmetocomeback.Isawthemgettingonthebus.,1、动词不定式作宾补时有三种情况：1）、在ask,tell,invite,force,get,allow,help,wish,want,like,hate,prefer等动词后，应用带to的不定式。2）、在感官动词see,hear,watch,listento,notice,feel,lookat,和使役动词have,make,let后，不定式不带to.3)、help后的宾语补足语可带to也可不带。,2、常用分词作宾补的动词有：see,watch,notice,hear,feel,make,have,get,keep,find等。3、现分和过分作宾补时有区别：“宾语+现分”在逻辑上是主动关系；“宾语+过分”在逻辑上是被动关系。Isawsomeoneknokingatthedoor.Isawthedoorknockedat.,Theypaintedthedoorgreen.Ifoundt