高中英语语法复习专项：定语从句

复习语法专项TheAttributiveClause(定语从句),定语从句：在复合句中修饰限定某名词或代词的从句。这个名词或代词称为“先行词”，引导定语从句的词称为“关系词”。如：Heisthemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou.在上句中，theman是先行词，who/that是关系词，who/that引导的定语从句修饰theman。,1.Hehastwosonswhoworkinthesamecompany.2.Hehastwosons,whoworkinthesamecompany.,限制性，起到修饰限定的作用。,非限制性，起到补充说明的作用。,（一）根据从句和先行词的关系,（二）根据引导词的不同,which,that,who,whom,whose,where,when,why,BasicStructure,1.Theboy_brokethewindowiscalledTom.2.Themoney_mymothergavemeyesterdayhasbeenstolen.3.Shanghaiisnolongerthecity_itusedtobe.4.Theboy_parentsaredeadisbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.5.DoyouknowTom,_wetalkedaboutjustnow.6.Hehaspassedthecollegeentranceexamination,_makeshisparentsquitehappy.,who,whose,(which/that),which,whom,that,定语从句缺主，宾，表，定某一成分,几点注意事项,1.that与which1）用that不用which先行词有人有物时先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰(all,little,much,few,everything,anything,nothing,none等)先行词被序数词、最高级修饰先行词被thevery,theonly,theright等修饰关系词在从句中做表语Themountainvillageisnottheplacethatitusedtobe.当主句是以which/who开头的特殊疑问句时,1.Istillremembertheday_Icamehere.2.Thisisthehouse_Ilivedlastyear.3.Thosesuccessfuldeafdancersthinkthatdancingisanactivity_sightmattersmorethanhearing.4.Ihadtoldthemthereason_Ididntattendthemeeting.,关系副词引导的定语从句,when,where,why,先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词2.定语从句中缺少状语,where,Thelibrary_studentsoftenstudywasonfirelastnight.2.Thelibrary_youvisitedyesterdaywasbuiltin1990.,where,which/that,定语从句中，先行词是时间、地点、原因的名词时,关系代词和关系副词如何确定？,看定语从句中缺少什么成分，可把先行词放到从句中检验。,3.Illneverforgettheday_wefirstmetinthepark.4.Illneverforgetthetime_Ispentoncampus.5.Thisisthereason_Ididntcomehere.6.Thereason_shegavewasnottrue.,when,which/that,小试身手,注意:关键看从句缺少什么成分,why,that/which,定语从句的引导词的确定可以概括为：“三找两定一证”。“三找”：找先行词找定语从句找定语从句的谓语动词；“两定”：判定先行词与从句谓语动词的关系确定关系代词或关系副词(兼顾人/物)。“一证”：把定语从句还原成独立的句子，验证其句子结构的完整性。,2.ThisisthehousewhereIlivedlastyear.,=ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedlastyear.,3.Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.,=Therearemanyreasonsforwhichpeopleliketraveling.,1.IstillrememberthedaywhenIcamehere.,=IstillrememberthedayonwhichIcamehere.,1.Doyoulikethebook_shepaid$10？2.Thereisatalltreeoutside,_standsourteacher.3.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,most_hadntbeencleanedforatleastayear.4.Theman_Ispokeonthephonelastnightisverygoodatwrestling.,underwhich,forwhich,ofwhich,Exercises:,towhom,在关系代词前需要介词的定语从句中，介词的选用分为三种情况：与先行词搭配；与从句谓语动词搭配；语义搭配。最好遵循“还原搭配”检验，即把定语从句还原成单独的一个句子，然后把先行词放在句末，再考虑在先行词前选用符合句意，搭配正确的介词。,(一)ofwhich/whom的用法,2.Thecommitteeconsistsof20members,most_arewomen.,Thisisthehousewhosewindowbrokelastnight.=thisisthehouse,thewindow_brokelastnight.=thisisthehouse,_thewindowbrokelastnight.,ofwhich,C,ofwhom,ofwhich,练习：Therearetwobuildingsonthebeach,_thesmallerservesasahotel.A.OfthemB.whoseC.ofwhichD.ofwhom,Whose+n.the+n.+ofwhich或ofwhich+the+n.,(二)定语从句中的主谓一致,TheGreatWallisoneoftheworld-famousbuildingsthat_(draw)lotsofvisitors.TheGreatWallistheonlyoneofthebuildingsontheearththat_(be)seenfromthemoon.,draw,is,关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致。关键要找准先行词。,Theway_heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.Theway_heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.,(三)theway作先行词时，定语从句的情况,Comparethefollowingtwosentences:,(which/that),(inwhich/that),练习:Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_hesaidit.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhich,A,课堂检测Exercises:,1.Heisnottheman_heusedtobe.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.as2.Itshelpfultoputchildreninasituation_theycanseethemselvesdifferently.A.thatB.whenC.whichD.where3.Hewaseducatedatthelocalhighschool,_hewentontoBeijingUniversity.A.afterwhichB.afterthatC.inwhichD.inthat,B,D,A,4.Hiswalking-stick,_hecantwalk,waslostyesterday.A.thatB.withwhichC.whichD.withoutwhich5.Lookout!Dontgettooclosetothehouse_theroofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.that6.WheneverImether,_wasfairlyoften,shegreetedmewithasweetsmile.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.that,D,A,B,7.Idontliketheway_hespoketome.A.bythatB.whatC.bywhichD./8._wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.A.ItB.ThisC.WhatD.As,D,C,9.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_w