高三英语综合复习的科学设计与有效教学.doc

高三英语综合复习的科学设计与有效教学,黄石二中李朝辉,科学设计一、教学设计的内涵二、教学设计的界定三、教学设计的依据四、复习课课堂教学设计的教学意义五、课堂设计的要素六、课堂教学设计的模型,一、教学设计的内涵,教学设计就是教师根据正确的教学思想和教育原理，按照一定的教学目的和要求，针对具体的教学对象、学科和教材，对教学的整个程序及其具体环节、总体结构及其有关层面所作出的预期的行之有效的策划。它是教师教育思想、思维流程和教学艺术的体现。,二、教学设计的界定,教学设计(instructionaldesign)是对课堂教学过程进行科学化,最优化,显性化,系统性设计的现代教育技术.教学不仅是一门学科，也是一门艺术。这样的教学设计可分为宏观设计(如一门课程设计coursedesign，总体课程设计curriculumdesign)和微观设计(如一节课的设计lessondesign，几节相关课的设计aweeksdesign)。,三、教学设计的依据,在教学中，不论是宏观设计还是微观设计，不论是整堂课的设计还是片断的设计，我们都应以学科教学理论为依据,四、课堂教学设计的教学意义,为中小学教师提供一种科学的,便于操作的教学技术手段,促使教师将以学生为中心,以教学过程为重点,以教学效率和教学效果为目的等重要的教育思想显性地凸现出来,从不自觉的教学行为发展成自觉的教学行为,五、课堂设计的要素,1课堂教学设计要与本节课的教学目的和内容紧密结合。2课堂教学设计要具有趣味性和多样性。3语言课课堂教学设计要体现交际性原则。其他课程教学设计要体现应用原则。4课堂教学设计应充分考虑现代教学手段。5课堂教学设计要精心设疑提问。,六、课堂教学设计的模型,开展课堂教学活动，教师无论教什么内容，总要首先对教学进行一番认真细致的构想和设计，然后通过加工整理，把这种构想的轨迹、设计的思路用文字符号记载下来，形成教案-教学模型。,案例1“复习定语从句”课堂教学设计,I指导思想：1坚持以学生为中心，以任务为主的教学原则（Learner-centered,task-basedlearning）；2创造使用英语的机会，“学以致用”，贯彻英语学习的交际性原则（Communicative-learning）；3教师的作用：设计者、研究者、组织者、促进者、协调者。,II课堂教学步骤：,StepOne:Presentthetask:Reviewtheattributiveclause.Problems:Correctthesentences:Theboyisnaughty,heisyourbrother.StepTwo:PracticeStepThree:ProductionTask:Tellastoryinwhichyoushoulduseatleastfivedifferentkindsofsentences.StepFour:AssignmentWhrtedownthestory.,案例2：高三英语复习中，每个单元的复习流程,【写summary】每个早自习让学生跟读课文，然后在课堂上让学生填写本单元的thesummaryoftheunit（老师自己编写，有的与课文内容有关，有的与词汇用法有关），重在整体理解课文和词汇。【写words】接着，给出本单元重点和考点单词的英语definition，让学生写单词，紧接着让学生做填词练习（抽1-2名学生上黑板写），不太好写的单词给首字母提示。【写phrases】之后，列出本单元的短语（只要是教材上出现的，无论是SB还是WB上的，都找出来复习），方法是老师口述学生写。学生一边写老师一边讲。除了讲课本意义外，还要归纳搜集常考意义的高考考题，告诉学生常考的方法和词义（如：holdup;takeonesside）。采取这种方法学生听的兴趣浓些收效大些。,【wordstudy】老师搜集本单元的大纲词汇、考点词汇重点讲，讲用法、搭配、异同。,HawkhascontinuedtoSEEKanswerstoQsaboutthenatureoftheuniverse.这里就要讲seek/lookfor/search/searchfor的异同。区分异同的例句由老师口述学生写。Tomislookingfor/searchingfor/seekinghisglasses.Itwastoodarktosearchfurther.Tomislookingfor/seekinghisglassesintheroom.Tomissearchingtheroomforhisglasses.Ashecoughstoomuch,heshouldseekmedicaladvice.AtthattimemanyyoungpeoplewenttoYanantoseektruth.,【sentencecompletion】,最后，每个单元出20个完成句子供学生练习，老师收起来批改（不让学生改！），错的题还要让学生重抄，然后再交老师检查，这样下来学生才能落实。,Unit1SBIIAMakingadifference,ThesummaryoftheunitWehaveonlyoneworld,which_toallofus.Weshouldnotonlyprotectit,butalsotrytodosomethingto_it,andthuswecanlivea_,_and_life.Somepeople,especiallysomegreat_,_,_or_andsoon,theyhavemadegreat_tothedevelopmentofthesocietyin_ways.Asforus_people,weshouldtryourbesttodowhatwecan,asevena_wedocanmakeadifference,andifweputthebits_,ourlifewillbe_daybyday.(belongs/improve/better/easier/longer/businessmen/discovers/politicians/scientists/contributions/different/ordinary/bit/together/different),Words,A.Writeoutthewordsaccordingtotheirdefinitions1.showingsignsofbeingsuccessfulorgoodinthefuture(promising)2.best(top)3.lookfor(seek)4.(afeelingof)uncertaintyaboutsomething,especiallyabouthowgoodortrueitis(doubt),B.Fillinthemissingwords,1.Hisdisappointmentwas_toeveryone.Didntyouseeit?(obvious)2._istheforcewhichattractsobjectstowardsthecentreoftheearth.(Gravity)3.Sheusually_advicefromherfatherwhenyoung.(sought)4.Sciencehasno_.Alltheworldcanshareit.(boundary)5.Dontbetoo_aboutthingsyouarenotsupposedtoknow.(curious),6.Thesetwosignaturesarevery_；canyoutellthemapart?(similar)7.Thelittleboyclimbedontothetreeandsatona_.(branch)8.Themostrecentsurveyofrarebirdwas_in1991.(undertaken)9.Theseeventsprovidedthei_forherfirstnovel.(inspiration)(analysis)10.Oura_showsthatthecompanysfailurewascausedbylackofinvestment.11.Theschoolisw_5minuteswalkofmyhouse;Igotoitonfooteveryday.12.Is_thenewspaperwhileIwaitedforthetrain.(scanned)(within),Phrases,Listening热衷于beonfirefor与相似besimilarto有相同之处haveincommonSpeaking一门科学abranchofscience毫无疑问Thereisnodoubtthat,Reading,做没有意义/用处Thereisnopointindoingsth做workon(时间）过去；（机会）错过goby与订婚getengagedto梦想dreamof在20世纪70年代初期intheearly1970s发现makediscoveries寻找问题的答案seekanswerstothequestions另一方面ontheotherhand结果是,证明是turnout(tobe)检测理论testthetheory对感到高兴behappywithsth,Languagestudy用完useupGrammar应该做besupposedtodo,Integratingskills,与众不同/产生差别makeadifference对感到满意besatisfiedwith如果将会怎样whatif被形容成bedescribedas一直,始终allthetime随不同的季节而变化changefromseasontoseason相反地theotherwayaround达到目的reachonesgoals,Workbook,支撑holdup对感到好奇becuriousabout清理cleanup与某人结婚marrysb(P.85)向某人道歉apologizetosb以取代replacesthwithsth(P.86)知道，找出workout参与，站在一边takeside催促某人做某事urgesbtodo看到的结局seeanendtosth掌权comeintopower带走takeaway离开某地去leavesomeplaceforsomeotherplace,Wordstudy,ComparisonHawkhascontinuedtoseekanswerstoquestionsaboutthenatureoftheuniverse.seeklookforsearchforTomislookingfor/searchingfor/seekinghisglasses.Itwastoodarktosearchfurther.Tomislookingfor/seekinghisglassesintheroom.Tomissearchingtheroomforhisglasses.Ashecoughstoomuch,heshouldseekmedicaladvice.AtthattimemanyyoungpeoplewenttoYanantoseektruth.,ThechurchsaidthattheearthwasthecentreoftheuniverseandGalileowasnotpublishordiscusshisobservations.Thechurchdatesbacktomorethan100yearsago.Knowingwhowearemeansknowinghowwethinkandwhatweliketodo.Mynewjobwillmeantravellingallovertheworld.Dietingalsomeansbeingcarefulaboutwhichfoodsyoubuy.Ivebeenmeaningtophoneyouallweek.Imeanttohavephoneyou,butIhavebeentoobusy.(Ihadmeanttophoneyou,butIhavebeentoobusy.)plan,intend,SentencestructurefindittoIfounditdifficulttounderstandhim.Despitehiswarning,Hawkingfounditnecessarytoincludeonequation.,完成句子练习（BIIUnit1Makingadifference）,1.Ittakesefforts(需要付出努力)foreverybodytobecomesuccessful.(take)2.Itsobviousthathisviewoneducationissimilartohers(和她的一样).(similar)3.Thereisnodoubtthat(毫无疑问）biologyisamostimportantandusefulsciencebecauseitisthestudyoflifeandlivingthings.(doubt)4.MadamCurie,thegreatmind,wasonfirefor(热衷于)theresearchontheradioactivity.(fire)5.Astimegoesby/Withtimegoingby(随着时间的流逝),herhairisturningwhite.(go),6.HawkingsuffersfromaseriousdiseaseknownasALS,whichhasdisabledhim(使他残疾).(disable)7.Canyoutelluswhatitmeans(意味什么)tobeascientist?(mean)8.Thereisnopointinarguing(争论没用)further.Itwonthelpmuch.(point)9.Engagedinhisresearch(忙于他的研究),hedidntnoticehisdaughterenterthestudy.(engage)10.Theweathermansaiditwasgoingtorainthisafternoon,butitturnedout(结果)tobeverylovely.(turn),11.Onlybydiscoveringwhatwedobestcanwehopetoreachourgoals(我们才有希望实现目标)andtrulymakeadifference.(goal)12.IdontthinkthisVCDplayerwillmakeanydifference(会起很大作用).(difference)13.PeoplewholistentoHawkingslecturesometimesfinditdifficulttounderstandhim(发现难听懂他的话).(difficult)14.Thecoupleusedup(用完)theirmoneytoseektheir4-year-oldson,whowaslosthalfayearago.(use)15.Thereliefissupposedtobesent(应该送出)assoonaspossibletothosewhohavelosttheirhomesintheearthquake.(suppose),16.Notsatisfiedwith(对不满意)thepapermap,ZhangHeng,theChineseastronomerandgeographerbuiltamodelthatcouldmoveinordertoshowhowthepositionofthestarschangedfromseasontoseason.(satisfy)17.Theyhurriedtotheairport,onlytofind(结果发现)theflighthadalreadyleft.(only)18.Later,heregrettednottakingthejob(后悔没干那项工作).Nowhehastoworkasaporter.(take)19.DiagnosedwithALS,Hawkingwentonwith(继续)hisstudiesatCambridgeandstayedthereafterreceivinghisPHD.(go)20.Soharddidhestudy(他学习)thathecaughtupwithhisclassmatesinashorttime.(study),建立课堂设计模型的关键,1、正确评估学生，灵活处理教材，使学生积极参与互动2、注重学习活动的多样性和真实性，保持课堂的趣味性。3、注重课堂设计的明快、学习目的明确，使学习活动保证效率。,建立教学设计摸型的要点,（一）课堂教学设计的重点（二）科学设计教学活动与教学策略（三）教学设计的基本结构（四）教学设计的原则（五）.教学设计的步骤,（一）课堂教学设计的重点