被动语态讲解课件.ppt

,ThePassiveVoice被动语态,语法项目表被动语态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时,Grammar,英语动词有两种语态：主动语态（ActiveVoice)和被动语态(PassiveVoice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。e.g.Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.(主动语态，主语we是clean这一动作的执行者)Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态，主语English是动作speak的承受者。,二、被动语态的构成助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。助动词be有人称、数、和时态的变化。,一、语态,三、被动语态的用法：1.不知道谁是动作的执行者，或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者。e.g.ThesenewcarsaremadeinChina（中国制造）.（2004年完成句子）这些新小汽车是中国制造。2.需要突出或强调动作的承受者。e.g.Thisdictionaryisusedbymoststudents.这本字典是大多数学生在用的。,四.主动语态变为被动语态的步骤.,WeplanttreesinMarcheveryyear.TreesareplantedusinMarcheveryyear.,主动语态变为被动语态的三线交叉结构示意图:,2.be+谓语动词的过去分词,1.主语,2.谓语动词原形（一般现在时）,3.宾语,时间状语,3.主语,3.宾语,时间状语,by,介词短语,介词短语,四.主动语态变为被动语态的步骤.,Bellinventedthetelephonein1876.ThetelephonewasinventedBellin1876.,主动语态变为被动语态的三线交叉结构示意图:,2.be+谓语动词的过去分词,1.主语,2.谓语动词过去式（一般过去时）,3.宾语,时间状语,3.主语,3.宾语,时间状语,by,四.主动语态变为被动语态的步骤.,ChinawillsendupShenZhouintospacethisyear.ShenZhouwillbesentupintospaceChinathisyear.,主动语态为变被动语态的三线交叉结构示意图:,2.willbe+谓语动词的过去分词,1.主语,2.谓语动词（一般将来时）,3.宾语,时间状语,3.主语,3.宾语,时间状语,by,介词短语,介词短语,主动语态变为被动语态口诀：1、观原句，定时态；2、宾变主；3、谓变被；4、主变宾，by加前，可省略；5、介副随。,Summary,Practice:SimplePresentTense,Rewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时，谓语动词为plant，宾语为thetea；改为被动语态时，应将thetea变作主语，谓语动词用isplanted的形式,farmers作为被动语态的宾语,前面加by。,1.Farmersplanttheteaonthesidesofmountains._,Theteaisplantedonthesidesofmountainsbyfarmers.,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态,uses是谓语动词,thebestmaterials是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将thebestmaterials作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用areused的形式,原句的主语thisshop作为被动语态的宾语,前面加by。,2.Thisshopusesthebestmaterialstomakedresses.Thebestmaterialsareusedtomakedressesbythisshop.,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态,manytrafficaccidents是句子的宾语；causes是谓语动词,改为被动语态时，应将manytrafficaccidents作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用arecaused的形式,原句的主语carelessdrivers作为被动语态的宾语。,3.Carelessdriverscausesmanytrafficaccidents.Manytrafficaccidentsarecausedbycarelessdrivers.,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态,lettersandpostcards是句子的宾语,brings是谓语动词,改为被动语态时，应将lettersandpostcards作被动语态的主语，谓语动词用arebrought的形式,原句的主语thepostman作为宾语,前加by。,4.Thepostmanbringslettersandpostcardstopeopleshomes.Lettersandpostcardsarebroughttopeopleshomesbythepostman.,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句为一般现在时态,thissilverplate是句子的宾语；doesnotuse是谓语动词,改为被动语态时，应将thesilverplate作被动语态的主语;谓语动词用isnotused的形式,原句的主语ourfamily作为被动语态的宾语,前面加by;veryoften为副词，紧随句后。,5.Oursfamilydoesnotusethissilverplateveryoften.Thissilverplateisnotusedbyourfamilyveryoften.,1,2,3,Practice:SimplePastTense,Rewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.,点拨：观察原句为一般过去时，谓语动词为sold，宾语为thefridge；改为被动语态时，应将thefridge作主语，谓语动词用wassold的形式,把they变为宾格them，前加by。,1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice._,Thefridgewassoldatalowpricebythematalowprice.,n.电冰箱,adj.低的；矮的,1,2,3,点拨：观察原句的句子结构可知，stole是谓语动词，mycamera是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将mycamera作句子主语，谓语动词用wasstolen的形式，somebody作宾语，前加by。,2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom._,Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroombysomebody.,pron.某人n.重要人物,1,2,3,3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?_,Wherewerethesephotostaken(byyou)?,点拨：观察原句的句子结构可知，take是谓语动词，thesephotos是句子的宾语；改为被动语态句时，应将thesephotos作句子主语，谓语动词用weretaken的形式。但要注意，主被动时态和句型一致的原则。,1,2,3,4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone._,Wewereadvisednottogooutalonebyourparents.,点拨：观察原句为一般过去时态，谓语动词为advised，宾语为us；改为被动语态时，应将us(宾格）变为We(主格）作主语，谓语动词用wereadvised的形式，ourparents作宾语，前加by。,advisesb.(not)todosth.,1,2,3,5.Differentwriterstranslatedthebookintodifferentlanguages._,Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.,v.翻译,translateinto,点拨：观察原句为一般过去时，谓语动词为translated，宾语为thebook；改为被动语态时，应将thebook作主语，谓语动词用wastranslated的形式,differentwriters作宾语，前加by。,1,2,3,Practice:SimplePresentTense,Rewritethesentencesaccordingtotheexample.,1.Youmustcleanyourbedroomeveryday.Yourbedroommustbecleanedeveryday.2.Parentsshouldencourageteenagerstodosocialworkfortheircommunity.Teenagersshouldbeencouragedtodosocialworkfortheircommunitybyparents.3.CanLucydoherhomeworktomorrowinstead?CanherhomeworkbedonebyLucytomorrowinstead?,Practice:SimpleFutureTense,Rewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.,点拨：观察原句为一般将来时态，谓语为willmake，宾语为amodelplane；改为被动语态时，将amodelplane作主语，谓语动词用willbemade的形式,原句主语Tom作为宾语,前加by,tomorrow随其后。,1.Tomwillmakeamodelplanetomorrow.AmodelplanewillbemadebyTomtomorrow.,1,2,3,Practice:SimpleFutureTense,Rewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.,点拨：观察原句为一般将来时态，原句的谓语动词为willsell，宾语为thecar；改为被动语态时，应将thecar变作主语，谓语动词用willbesold的形式,把原句they变为宾格them。,2.Theywillsellthecaratalowprice.,Thecarwillbesoldatalowpricebythem.,1,2,3,2002-2015年陕西省中考被动语态试题,2002年.25.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe_.A.mustbetakecareofB.musttakecareofC.mustbelookedafterD.mustlookafter2004年.25.Atalkonscience_inourschoolnextMonday.A.willgiveB.willbegivenC.hasgivenD.hasbeengiven2005年.27.Todaycomputers_inbothcitiesandtowns.A.wereusingB.areusedC.wereusedD.areusing2006年.27.Thewindow_tenminutesago,andtheroomisbrightnow.A.canbecleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleanedD.willbecleaned,2002-2015年陕西省中考被动语态试题,2006年.8.Allthesephotos_（take）bymyfatherinHongKongin1997.（完成句子）2007年.30.Treesandflowers_everyyeartomakeourcountrymorebeautiful.A.isplantedB.wasplantedC.areplantedD.wereplanted2008年.AllthebookswrittenbyMaugham39inashorttimeandthewriterbecamefamous.（完形填空）A.aresoldoutB.weresoldoutC.havesoldoutD.soldout2009年.4.Moretreesandflowersshouldbe_(plant)tomakeourhometownbeautiful.（完成句子）2010年.10.Manyschoolthingswere_(send)toYushulastmonth.（完成句子）,2002-2015年陕西省中考被动语态试题,2011年.25.Drivingafterdrinkingwine_inChina.A.allowsB.doesntallowC.isallowedD.isntallowed2012年.29.Anewclub_inourschoolatthebeginningofthisyearandnowithasmanymembers.A.startsB.isstartedC.hasstartedD.wasstarted2013年.28.Themobilephonehasinfluencedpeopleslifealotsinceit_.A.inventsB.inventedC.isi