第三版新视野大学英语第一册第八单元sectionAppt课件

.,.,.,WritingModelitwasalldoneinactions.”?(Para.2),Meaning:Itwasobviousthatwehaddeepfeelingsforeachother,butweneverexpressedhowwefeltabouteachother.Rather,weexpressedthatfeelingthroughdoingthingstogether.,Removalofbarrierstoourreading:,.,RemovalofBarrierstoOurReading,WhydoestheauthordescribehisinteractionwithDonaldingreatdetail?(Para.3),Meaningbeyondwords:Throughdescribingtheirchildhoodgameindetail,theauthorshowshowtheirfriendshipdevelopsthroughactionsinsteadofwords.,Removalofbarrierstoourreading:,.,RemovalofBarrierstoOurReading,Whatisthemeaningofthesentence“Waterisnotonlyagoodconductorofelectricitybutofpanicaswell.”?(Para.4),Meaning:Justaselectriccurrentstraveleasilyinwater,thefeelingoffearspreadsquicklyaswellfromonepersontoanotherinwater.,Removalofbarrierstoourreading:,.,RemovalofBarrierstoOurReading,Howtointerpretthesentences“Intheend,thesharkprovedtobeimaginary.Butnotmydeepemotionalfeelingsformyfriend.”?(Para.4),Meaning:Finally,wefoundtherewasnosharkatall;weonlyimaginedwehadseenone.ButthedeepemotionalfeelingsIhadformyfriendJessicawerenotimagined;theyweresincere.,Removalofbarrierstoourreading:,.,PartIIIConclusion(Para.5-6),AsshowninParagraph5,theauthorfindsitnaturaltoexpresshisfeelingsforhisfemalefriends,butmeanwhilehefindsithardtoexpresshisdeepfeelingsforhismalefriends.Heispuzzledbythedifferencesanddeterminedtofindoutwhy.,InteractiveReading,Whatinsightdoestheauthorgetfromhisinteractionwithfemaleandmalefriends?(Para.5),.,InteractiveReading,Whatarethecausesofsuchdifferences?(Para.6),Accordingtoexperts,asshowninParagraph6,menandwomenhaveverydifferentemotionalandrationalprocesses:Mentendtobemorereservedwhilewomentendtobemoreopen.So,itisnormalfortheauthortotreathismalefriendsandfemalefriendsindifferentways.,.,Meaning:AsIspoke,IrealizedthatIcommunicatedinadifferentwaywithmenthanwhenIwithwomen.,RemovalofBarrierstoOurReading,Whatisthemeaningofthesentence“AsIspoke,Irealizedjusthowgender-basedmycommunicationstyleswere.”?(Para.5),Removalofbarrierstoourreading:,.,Meaning:WasItheonlypersonthathadthedifficultyexpressingmyfeelingstomymalefriendsordideverymanintheworldhavethesameproblem?DidIbehaveinthiswaybecauseIwasslowandnotgoodatexpressingmyemotionsorbecauseIwasaman?Imadeupmymindtofindoutthetruth.,RemovalofBarrierstoOurReading,Howtointerpretthesentences“Wasthisjustmeorwaseverymaleintheworldsimilarlycursed?WasIemotionallybackwardorjustaguy?Iwasdeterminedtofindout!”?(Para.5),Removalofbarrierstoourreading:,.,Meaning:Thereasonliespartlyinbiologicaldifferencesbetweenmenandwomenandpartlyinthedifferentwaysinwhichtheyarebroughtup.,RemovalofBarrierstoOurReading,Whatisthemeaningofthesentence“Partofitisnatureandpartisnurture.”?(Para.6),Removalofbarrierstoourreading:,.,RemovalofBarrierstoOurReading,Meaning:Eversincewewereborn,wearelikelytobehaveinverydifferentwaysduetodifferentgenes,andsocietyencouragesustobehaveindifferentways:Malesareencouragedtobehaveinwaystypicalofmenwhilefemalesareencouragedtobehaveinwaystypicalofwomen.,Whatisthemeaningofthesentence“Wearebornwithverydifferentgenetictendencieswhichsocietyencouragesaseithermasculineorfeminine.”?(Para.6),Removalofbarrierstoourreading:,.,Inmymind,thepicturesIhaveofmyfemalefriendsandmalefriendsarecompletelydifferent.Thememoriesofmyfemalefriendsareopenand_.Weareattractedtoeachotherandliketoshareourfeelings.Bycontrast,myfriendshipwithmymalefriendsislikean_oradventuremovie:Wedoadventurousthingstogetherinsteadofchattingandsharingfeelingswitheachother.BackinmychildhoodinEurope,DonaldandIenjoyeddramatizingthedaily_aswe“flew”inanabandonedGermantruck.Atthattime,wefelt_,intimate,action,ritual,inseparable,SummaryofText,.,fromeachother.Butweneverexpressedourdeepfeelingsforeachother,notevenonthedayI_America.MyrecentexperiencewithJessica,however,turnedouttobetotallydifferent.WhenJessicaandIwereswimmingatabeachintheAtlantic,wethoughtweweretobeattackedbyashark.IsloweddowninordertosaveJessica.Atthis_moment,IrealizedhowIlovedher.Whenwegotashore,Jessicasaid“Iloveyou”tomeandIsaid“Loveyoutoo”toher.,leftfor,critical,SummaryofText,.,Mycommunicationstyleswere_inthatIcouldbeopenandfreetoexpressmyemotionswithmyfemalefriends,whereasIfoundithardtoexpressmydeepfeelingsformymalefriends.Accordingtoresearch,menandwomenhaveverydifferentemotionaland_processes:Mentendtobemore_whilewomentendtobemoreopen.Soitis_formetotreatmymalefriendsandfemalefriendsindifferentways.,rational,reserved/restrained,normal,SummaryofText,gender-based,.,ExtractionwhereX,YandZarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext,while“does/is”standsforanyverbavailableinthegivencontext.应用提示用于表述“联想效应”,ProductivepatternI,ExtractionSothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:,WheneverAlicethoughtofherbestfriend,sheworeabrightsmile.,ProductivePatternWhen/WheneverXthinksofY,Xdoes/isZ.,.,Inthiscontext,X=“I”,andY=“whatmighthappen”,Z=“onesexcitement”,and“does/is”=“notrestrain”;Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:,ContextII,一想到可能发生的事我就抑制不住激动的心情。,ProductivePatternWhen/WheneverXthinksofY,Xdoes/isZ.,WhenIthinkofwhatmighthappen,Icannotrestrainmyexcitement.,.,“Theritualofmotion,orthesequenceofaction,makesupforthedeficiencyofdialogandhonestnarrative.”(Para.1,Text)Howtoconvertitintoaproductivepattern?,ProductivepatternII,Xmakesupforthedeficiency/flaw/defect/imperfection/lackofY;whereXandYarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext,whiletheword“deficiency”canbechangeableinaccordancewiththegivencontext.应用提示用于“表述事物的互补性”,Extraction吸引多样化的生源：attractawidervarietyofstudents.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:,ContextII,自主招生政策将弥补统一普通高等学校招生考试的缺陷，从而吸引多样化的生源。,ProductivePatternXmakesupforthedeficiency/flaw/defect/imperfection/lackofY.,Theself-enrollmentpolicywillmakeupforthedefectoftheunifiednationalcollegeentranceexaminations,thusattractingawidervarietyofstudents.,.,ProductivepatternIII,“Eachday,aswewereflyingovertheAtlantic,thereinevitablycamethatwonderfulmoment”(Para.3,Text),AsXdoesY,thereinevitablycomesZ;whereX,YandZarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext,while“does”standsforanyverbavailableinthegivencontext.应用提示用于“表述事物的必然性”,ExtractionwhereX,Y,andZarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext,while“do”standsforanyverbavailableinthegivencontext;应用提示用于“表述认知变化”,ExtractionwhereXandYarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext,while“do”standsforanyverbavailableinthegivencontext.应用提示用于“对事物的界说”,ExtractionwhereX,Y,andZarevariablesthatvaryfromcontexttocontext;whereas“does/is”standsforanyverbavailableinthegivencontext应用提示用于“引证/引证说明”,Extractioninacademicterms,Heispoorinfinancialterms,butrichinacademicterms.,从经济条件来讲他是很穷，但是从学术上来讲他很富有。,LexicalCollocationinterms,.,well-equipped,Universitiesintheeastarewell-equipped.Incomparison,thoseinthewestarestillpoor.,东部的大学设施完善。相比之下，西部的大学条件仍然较差。,Phrase2,LexicalCollocationincomparison,.,appealtosb.;withthepassageoftime,Whatappealedtoyouatthetimemaychangewiththepassageoftime.,当时吸引你的事物可能会随着时间的推移而改变。,Phrase3,LexicalCollocationatthetime,.,fromthemomentofonesbirth;setoff;seekforhappiness,Fromthemomentofourbirth,everyoneofussetoffonamissionofseekingforhappiness.,从我们出生的那一刻起，每个人都动身去完成寻求幸福的使命。,Phrase4,LexicalCollocationonamission,.,ontheplatform,Istoodstillontheplatform,watchingthesubwaytrainslowlypullaway.,我伫立在站台上，看着地铁徐徐离开。,Phrase5,LexicalCollocationpullaway,.,betooshytodosth.;studyonesfingernails,Tooshytolookherdateintheeye,shestudiedherfingernails.,因腼腆得不敢直视约会的对象，她只好盯着自己的指甲看。,Phrase6,LexicalCheeye,.,itisincrediblethat;agoodearformusic,Itisincrediblethatthischildwasbornwithagoodearformusic.,令人不可思议的是，这个小孩生来就有很强的音乐鉴赏力。,Phrase7,LexicalCollocationbebornwithsth.,.,basesb.sjudgmentononesphysicalappearance;fromtimetotime;misleadsb.,Wetendtobaseourjudgmentononesphysicalappearance,whichmaymisleadusfromtimetotime.,我们往往会以貌取人,这有时会误导我们。,Phrase8,LexicalCollocationtendtodosth.,.,WritingModelyet,notonceinmylifehadIbeenabletolookamalefriendintheeyeandsaythe,WritingModelContrast,.,Nowletscometowritingpractice.,WritingModelContrast,samething.Quiteimpossible!AcontrastresultWasthisjustmeorwaseverymaleintheworldsimilarlycursed?WasIemotionallybackwardorjusta“guy”?Iwasdeterminedtofindout!,.,GirlsAndBoysDifferentAttitudesTowardsFriendship,TopicsentenceWheneverIthinkoffriendship,Inormallyrecallmyinteractionswithboysandgirls,who,however,impressmewithdifferentattitudestowardfriendship.,Detail1ofcontrastInthefirstplace,girlsseemtobemoreintimateandopenwitheachother.Sotheyseemtoholddearerfriendshipthanboys.Bycontrast,boysmayfeelembarrassedaboutfailuretonametheirbestfriendsright,WritingPractice,.,Detail2ofcontrastInthesecondplace,withgirls,itseemspossibletosharemorefeelingswitheachother,thusmakingupforthedeficiencyoftheirindependence;whereas,withboys,itseemsimpossibletoexpressfeelingstooneanother,whichiscontrarytotheircharacter.,WritingPractice,Detail3ofcontrastAndmostofall,thedifferenceinemotionalandrationalprocessbetweengirlsandboysmakesthemcopewiththings,away.Astheirfriendshipdoesnotdeepenthroughintimacy,thereinevitablycomesthemomentoftheirembarrassment.,.,indifferentfashions.Forexample,girlstendtowalkhandinhandwitheachother,whilefewboysareseenwalkinglikethis.,AcontrastresultOnceweknowtheabove,therewillbenofussaboutthedifferentattitudesbetweengenderstowardfriendship.,WritingPractice,.,WritingPractice,DirectionsWriteaparagraphononeofthefollowingtopics:,Topics1)Twoviewsofyourparents:beforeandafteryoulefthome2)Twoclosefriends3)GoodMannersinDifferentCultures,.,FurtherDevelopment,Whatslearned?,.,Onedevicefordevelopingparagraphs:,FurtherDevelopmentWritingDevice,Topicsentence(Statement),Similaritiesand/ordifferencesindetails,Acontrastresult,.,GoodMannersinDifferentCulturesIngeneral,wheneverwethinkofwhatkindofpersononeis,wenormallypaymoreattentiontoonesmannersinsociallife.Forapersonwithgoodmannersismorewelcomethanonewithcrudemanners,nomatterwhatcultureheisin.Yetwithdifferentcultures,itseemsimpossibletocultivatethesamemanners,sincegoodmannersaredefinedinculturalterms.Whenyoumeetafriendonyourway,forinstance,itisregardedaspolitetosaysomethinglike“Whereareyougoing?”or“Wherehaveyoubeen?”intheChineseculture.InWestern,WritingPractice:GoodMannersinDifferentCultures,.,societies,however,eventhoughbothareclosefriends,itisconsideredaslackofcommonsensetogreeteachotherlikethat.Asonedidso,therewouldinevitablycometheothersreactionlikethis:“Itsnoneofyourbusiness!”Thewayapersonsneezesindifferentculturesalsomakespeoplerespondindifferentways.InChina,itistakenforgrantedthatanyonenearbyremarks,“Someonemissesyou.”or“Whoiscursingyou?”inahumorousway;whereasanAmericanorEnglishmanwouldratherliketo,WritingPractice:GoodMannersinDifferentCultures,.,say,“Godblessyou!”AguestinanAsianhouse,ifofferedsomedrink,usuallyleavesalittle,which,tothehostsdelight,showsthathehashadenough.Incomparison,aguestinEnglandisalwaysexpectedtofinishupadrinktoshowthathehasenjoyedit.Inbrief,oneculturesmeatmaybeanotherculturespoison.Inthatlight,itiswiseofustohaveaclearideaaboutthegoodmannerstypicalofdifferentcultures,thusmakingitpossibletodoastheRomansdoinRome.,WritingPractice:GoodMannersinDifferentCultures,.,FurtherDevelopmentSixproductivepatterns,表述联想效应,When/WheneverXthinksofY,Xdoes/isZ.,表述事物互补性,Xmakesupforthedeficiency/flaw/defect/imperfection/lackofY.,表述事物的必然性,AsXdoesY,thereinevitablycomesZ.,表述认知变化,WithX,itseemsimpossible/possibletodoY.,引证/引证说明,Muchtosb.srelief/delight/distress,XshowsthatYdoes/isZ.,XmakesYdoZinanew/different/light/way/fashion.,对事物的界说,.,Inthiscontext,X=“I”;Y=“myformergoodfriendsgettingmoreandmorealienatedfromme”,Z=“lonelyandanunreasonablecatchoffear”,and“does/is”=“feel”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:,每当想起曾经的那些好朋友们渐渐对我疏远了,我就会感到一阵孤独和莫名其妙的心寒。,ProductivePatternWhen/WheneverXthinksofY,Xdoes/isZ.,WhenIthinkofmyformergoodfriendsgettingmoreandmorealienatedfromme,Ifeellonelyandanunreasonablecatchoffear.,.,Inthiscontext,X=“hardwork”,Y=“ability”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:,努力工作经常可以弥补能力的不足。,ProductivePatternXmakesupforthedeficiency/flaw/defect/imperfection/lackofY,Hardworkcanoftenmakeupforthedeficiencyofability.,.,Inthiscontext,X=“she”,Y=“thatletter”,Z=“amomentoffearinhermind”,and“does”=“read”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearises:,当她在读着那封信的时候，脑海里总会出现瞬间的恐惧。,ProductivePatternAsXdoesY,thereinevitablycomesZ.,Asshereadthatletter,thereinevitablycameamomentoffearinhermind.,.,Inthiscontext,X=“listeningtothestorybehindthephoto”,Y=“you”,Z=“thephoto”,and“do”=“see”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:,有时候，听听照片的背景故事会让你用新的眼光来看待那幅照片。,ProductivePatternXmakesYdoZinanew/differentlight/way/fashion.,Sometimes,listeningtothestorybehindthephotomakesyouseethephotoinanewlight.,.,Inthiscontext,X=“theold-fashionedpeople”,Y=“positivechangesintheirownlife”,and“do”=“make”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:,对于因循守旧的人来说，在生活中创造一些积极的改变似乎是不可能的。,ProductivePatternWithX,itseemsimpossible/possibletodoY.,Withtheold-fashionedpeople,itseemsimpossibletomakepositivechangesintheirownlife.,.,Inthiscontext,X=“thetest”,Y=“she”,Z=“veryhealthy”,and“does/is”=“is”.Sothenewdeclarativeknowledgearisesasfollows:,让我们欣慰的是，检查结果显示她很健康。,ProductivePatternMuchtosb.srelief/delight/distress,XshowsthatYdoes/isZ.,Muchtoourrelief,thetestshowsthatsheisveryhealthy.,.,谈及；就而言,inte