主谓一致.pptVIP

Welcometomyclass,主谓一致,永州一中杨志芳,1.Eitheryouoroneofyourstudents_toattendthemeetingthatisduetotomorrow.A.areB.isC.haveD.be2.Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcerts_causedhearinglossinsometeenagers.A.isB.areC.hasD.have3.One-thirdofthecountry_coveredwithtreesandthemajortyofthecitizens_blackpeople.A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is,:choosethebestanswer.,（2009年湖南高考）,（2010年湖南高考）,（2011年湖南高考）,Exercise,近几年的高考试卷中连续考查了“主谓一致”，足见其重要性。这一趋势将会延续，很可能会继续考查，故需要特别地认真训练，备考。,考情分析及预测：,句子的核心是谓语动词，谓语动词单复数的确定取决于主语。主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上和主语一致，一般遵循三个原则，即就近一致原则、语法一致原则和意义一致原则。做题时还要注意时态及其他语法及词义的正确性。,主谓一致,主谓一致三大原则用法点拨,No.1就近一致原则,就近一致是指谓语动词的形式与其最邻近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,一、由连词连接的并列主语例:(1)NotonlyIbutalsoMaryandJack_(be)tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.(2)-_eitherheorIfitforthejob?-Neitherhenoryou_.A.Am;areB.Is;areC.Are;areD.Is;is,方法点拨：由or,either.or.,neither.nor.,notonly.butalso,notbut,whetheror.,等连接的并列主语，谓语动词常与最近的主语在单复数上保持一致。,are,二、倒装句中主谓一致Betweenthetwobuildingsareabigtree.()(2)Betweenthetwobuildingsisabigtree.(),方法点拨：完全倒装结构：副词/介词短语+谓语+主语,(3)There_atable,fourchairs,threebikesinthecourtyard,inthemiddleofwhich_twotalltreeswithgreatshade.(2013南通市模拟）A.are;isB.is;areC.has;haveD.have;has,F,T,三、morethanone+单数名词或manya+单数名词例：(1)不止一个工人被解雇。Morethanone_beenfired.(2)很多学生是周杰伦的歌迷。Manya_thefansofJayChou.,+谓语动词,worker,has,student,is,许多的,单数,复数,No.2语法一致原则,主语和谓语通常是从语法一致上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。,一、一个动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语1、主语是一个动词不定式、动名词或从句时，谓语动词常用_形式。例1：ToholdtheOlympicGames_(be)arichprizeforacoutry.,2：Howyougettheredoesntinterestme.,例3：Whatweneed_(be)time.4：Whatthechildrenneed_(be)loveandunderstanding.,is,are,方法点拨：在“主+系+表”结构中，如果是what从句作主语，其谓语的单复数取决于后面的表语。,单数,is,二、主语之后带有介词短语(1)Alltheplayersbutthecaptainweretired.()(2)（2010四川）SuchpoetsasShakepeare_widelyread,ofwhoseworks,however,some_difficulttounderstand.A.are;areB.is;isC.are;isD.is;are,方法点拨：类似的结构有：A名词+with/like/but/except/including/aswellas/alongwith/togetherwith+B名词，谓语动词应与A一致，而与介词短语之后的名词B无关。也就是说：就远原则。,T,主语是“kindof/typeof/pairof/amountof/quantityof+名词”时,谓语动词的形式须依照kind，type,pair,amount,quantity的数而确定。,例：1.Akindofbirdshasbeendiscoveredbythem.2.Largeamountsoffoodareneededintheareanow.,例：3.Thiskindofapples_well.(sell)4.Applesofthiskind_well.,特别提醒：n.+ofthiskind后的谓语动词由名词的单复数决定。,sells,sell,三、,四、定语从句，强调句中的主谓一致1.IlikethephotosthatwastakeninBeijing.()2.ItisnothebutIthatistoblameforit.(),方法点拨：*定语从句中，关系词做主语，而关系词代替前面的先行词，则从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保持一致。*在强调句中，若强调主语，则其谓语动词看主语形式。,F,F,were,am,例：1.Sheisoneofthepersonswho_Frenchinourschool.2.Sheistheoneofthepersonswho_Frenchinourschool.A.knowsB.know,B,A,方法点拨：*oneof+cns.+定语从句(关系代词作主语)先行词其谓语动词用复数形式*theonly/very/justoneof+cns+定从(关系代词作主语)先行词谓语动词用单数,她是我们学校懂法语的人们中的一个。,她是我们学校那些人当中唯一个懂法语的。,(),(),(,),N0.3意义一致原则,意义一致是指谓语动词的单复数形式与主语的意义保持一致。,一、（百）分数词all/most/half/sometherest/part/例：1.Iwanttheseredapples.Therestbelongstoyou.()2.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearthissea.(),+of+cns./un.作主语,用法点拨：谓语动词的单复数形式由of后面的名词确定。,T,F,belong,(oftheseapples),二、表示时间，距离等的复数名词作主语例：1.Tenyearsarealongtime.()2.Tenyearsisalongtime.(),方法点拨：表示时间、距离、价格、度量、面积等的名词复数形式或短语作主语时，常看成一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。,例：Tenpoundsisenough.Ahundredmilesisalongdistance.,三、例：Thenumberofpeopleinvited_fifty,butanumberofthem_absentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were,thenumberof+cns.+谓语动词单数anumberof+cns.+谓语动词复数,主语,的数量,许多的,四、特殊词：population作主语例：1.ThepopulationisaboutonehundredmillioninJapan.2.Two-thirdsofthepopulationhereareworkers.,方法点拨：thepopulation+谓语动词单数形式；(百)分数of+thepopulation+谓语动词复数形式,五、“名词+and+名词”作主语，指的是同一件事，同一个人或同一概念时，如：thewriterandpainter,breadandbutter,sodaandwater等，谓语动词用单数。,例：Apoetandartist_comingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteratureandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.A.isB.areC.wasD.were,2.（2009四川）Theteachertogetherwiththestudents_discussingReadingskillsthat_newlypublishedinAmerica.A.are;wereB.is;wereC.are;wasD.is;was,六、主语是书名、剧名、报纸杂志名称或国家、单位名称时，即使名词是复数形式，谓语动词也只能用单数形式。,例:1.DoyouknowwhentheUnitedNationswassetup?,七、“no/each/every单数名词andno/each/every单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。,例：Everygirlandeveryboy_agoodreasontobeproudoftheworkdonebytheirfathers.A.haveB.has,B,主谓一致,就近一致原则语法一致原则意义一致原则,1.（2013湖南）Theuniversityestimatesthatlivingexpensesforinternationalstudents_around$8450ayear,which_aburdenforsomeofthem.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;areD.is;is2.（2012湖南）Allthescientificevidence_thatincreasinguseofchemicalsinfarming_damagingourhealth.A.show;areB.shows;areC.shows;isD.show;is,3.（2011安徽高考）Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhich_savedforotherpurposes.AisBareCwasDwere4.（2012湖南省四市九校联考）TolittleMikesurprise,lyingonthedesk_someofhisfavoritetoycarshehadlongedfor.（选项同上）5.（2013衡阳市六校联考）Someequipmentaswellasanumberofmapsandbooks_totheareasincetheearthquakeoccurred.A.hasbeenofferedB.havebeenofferedC.isbeingofferedD.arebeingoffered,D,6.（2012邵阳市月考）Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodearth_eachyear.A.iswashingawayB.isbeingwashedawayC.arewashingawayD.arebeingwashedaway7.（2013南京市一模）Asurveyoftheopinionofexperts_thatthreehoursofoutdoorexerciseaweek_goodforoneshealth.A.show;areB.shows;isC.