21世纪大学实用英语最新版7单元

Unit7-main1,I.Objectives,II.SuggestedTeachingPlan,III.BackgroundInformation,IV.ClassPresentation,Unit7-main2,PartIListening,PartIIReading,PartIIISpeaking,PartIVTranslation2.understandthemainideaofTextAandTextB,mastertheusefulsentencestructures,wordsandexpressionsfoundintherelevantexercisesofthesetwotexts;3.knowhowtousenounphrasestolistitems;4.readabusinessplan;5.learnhowtowriteacomplaintletter.,Objectives,I.Objectives,II.SuggestedTeachingPlanforUnit7,II.SuggestedTeachingPlanforUnit7,TheteacherA.keepsthethemeinmindwhilemakingatransitionfromtheshorttalktothetwodialogues;B.handlesUsefulLanguageinauniqueway,e.g.,askingastudenttoreadthemloudbeforeaskingquestions;C.playsthefirstdialogueonce,ortwiceifnecessary,andasksstudentstodotheT/Fexerciseasrequiredtoexplorethemainidea;D.playsthefirstdialogueoncemoreforthedetailssothatstudentscanhavenotroubleansweringthequestions;,Objectives3,Sections3,4B.makesameaningfultransitiontoTextA;,3periods,Objectives4,E.playstheseconddialogueonce,ortwiceifnecessary,andthenasksstudentstodothelisteningcomprehensionexercises;F.checkstheanswersinameaningfulway,e.g.,askingmorequestionsforasmuchinformationaspossiblebeforechecking.,Objectives5,TextAB.whilediscussingthetextwiththestudents,callsthestudentsattentiontosomeimportantwordsandusefulphrases;C.guidesthestudentsthroughtheexercises,focusingoncertainitemsorleavingsomeexercisesasthestudentshomeworkaccordingtothestudentslevels.,Objectives7,Time,TheteacherA.asksthestudentstogooverthetextanddothemultiplechoicequestionsaboutit;B.whilediscussingthetextwiththestudents,callsthestudentsattentiontonounphrasesusedtolistitems;C.letsthestudentsdothevocabularyandlanguageuseexerciseseitherinclassorafterclass.,1.5periods,TextBB.givesthestudents5to10minutestodotheexercise.,0.5period,PracticalReading,Objectives8,1period,Speaking,TheteacherA.fullyunderstandswhattheexercisesareintendedtodo;B.inEx.1clarifieswhattosayandhowtosayincriticizingsomeonewhois(not)present,andthenasksclasstodotheexercisesasrequired;C.asksclasstoreadloudthedialogueinEx.1beforedoingtherole-playeitherwithorwithoutthescript;D.inEx.2asksclasstorecallthecorethemeofTextA,andthenasksonestudenttoreadloudtheexamplemonologuebeforeencouragingsomestudentstocarryoutthetask.,Objectives9,TranslationandWriting,TimetoRelaxB.tellsthestudentshowtowriteacomplaintletterbydoingthefirstexerciseinPracticalWriting,andthenrequiresthemtodothenexttwoexercisesafterclass;C.playsthesong“FoodChain”inclassandletsthestudentsfillintheblanksinthelyrics(Thiscanbedoneasstudentshomeworkifthereisntmuchtimeleftinclass);D.ifpossible,playsthevideointheWorkbookinclassandletsthestudentsdotheexercisebasedonthevideo.,1period,BackgroundInformation-main,NormanVincentPeale,NormanVincentPeale(May31,1898December24,1993)wasaministerandauthor(mostnotablyofThePowerofPositiveThinking)andaprogenitor(创始人)ofthetheoryof“positivethinking.”,III.BackgroundInformation1,PartIListeningListentotheupcomingshorttalkandcompletetherelatedstatementsbelowaccordingly.Gettingtoknowthefollowingusefullanguagefirstmightbehelpful.,PartIListening,1,gathering/n.hatsofftosb.response/n.praise/n.relieved/a.criticism/n.coin/n.harsh/a.soul/n.,聚集(上课)向某人致敬反应表扬如释重负的批评硬币苛刻的，刺耳的灵魂,UsefulLanguage,constructive/a.valid/a.unbiased/a.feedback/n.relevant/a.objectively/ad.assess/v.,PartIListening,建设性的有效的，有根据的无偏见的反馈相关的客观地评定,Praiseandcriticismare1)ofthesamecoin.Justaswithpraise,criticismisnotnecessarilysomething2).Eventhoughcriticismmaysoundharshtotheear,itisgood3).Ifconstructive,criticismhelpsusgrowand4)morerealistically.Todoso,criticismhastobevalidandunbiasedfeedback.,tobeavoided,foroursoul,twosides,_,_,_,Script,seeourselves,_,Script:Helloclass,FirstofallImustsaythatyoudidafinejobatourlastgathering.Honestly,reallywelldone.Hatsofftoallofyou!Sowhatsyourresponsetomypraise?Surprised?Relieved?Happytohearit?Maybeitfeltlikesunshineaftergreyweatherforsureyouvehadalotofworklately!Sure,Icouldhavegivensomecriticisminstead,butIfiguredavoidthat.Peoplemuchpreferpraisetocriticism.Isntthatso?Dontyou?Yetinawaypraiseandcriticismaretwosidesofthesamecoin.Justaswithpraise,criticismisnotnecessarilysomethingtobeavoided.Criticism,astheChinesesayinggoes,isgoodadvicethatonlysoundsharshtotheear.Harshasit,maysound,certainkindsofcriticismcanbeexcellentmedicine.Itcanbuildoursoul.Thatkindiscalledconstructivecriticismconstructivebecauseithelpsusgrowandseeourselvesmorerealistically.Buttogivecriticismconstructive,weneedtoknowhowtofocusonvalidandunbiasedfeedback,thatstosay,makeitclear,understandableandrelevant.Asforreceivingcriticism,itsbestnottotakecriticismpersonallybuttoobjectivelyassesstheinformationoffered,takewhatsusefulandletgoofwhatdoesntworkforyou.,Helloclass,FirstofallImustsaythatyoudid1)atourlastgathering.Honestly,reallywelldone.Hatsofftoallofyou!Sowhatsyourresponse2)?Surprised?Relieved?Happytohearit?Maybeitfelt3)aftergreyweatherforsureyouvehadalotofworklately!Sure,Icouldhavegiven4)instead,butIfiguredavoidthat.Peoplemuchpreferpraisetocriticism.Isntthatso?Dontyou?Yetinawaypraiseandcriticismaretwosidesofthe5).,Listentotheshorttalkagainandfillintheblanksbelowwiththemissingwords.,Objectives22,afinejob,_,2,tomypraise,_,likesunshine,_,somecriticism,_,samecoin,_,Justaswithpraise,criticismis6)somethingtobeavoided.Criticism,astheChinesesayinggoes,is7)thatonlysoundsharshtotheear.Harshasitmaysound,certainkindsofcriticismcanbe8).Itcanbuildoursoul.Thatkindiscalled9)constructivecriticismconstructivebecauseithelpsusgrowandseeourselves10).Buttogivecriticismconstructive,weneedtoknowhowtofocuson11)feedback,thatstosay,makeitclear,understandableandrelevant.Asforreceivingcriticism,itsbestnotto12)buttoobjectivelyassesstheinformationoffered,takewhatsusefulandletgoofwhatdoesntworkforyou.,goodadvice,Objectives23,_,takecriticismpersonally,notnecessarily,_,_,excellentmedicine,_,validandunbiased,_,morerealistically,_,TonyandNancyaretalkingaboutcriticism.Listentotheirconversationandthendecidewhethertheconversation-basedstatementsbelowaretrue(T)orfalse(F).Gettingtoknowthefollowingusefullanguagefirstmightbehelpful.,crucial/a.event/n.messupcutshortpig-headed/a.stubborn/a.opinion/n.judgment/n.,Objectives24,3,至关重要的事件搞糟，陷入困境缩短顽固的，固执的；愚蠢的固执的看法评判,UsefulLanguage,defensive/a.withdraw/v.counter-productive/a.double-edged/a.sword/n.,Objectives24,自我保护的退出适得其反的双刃的剑,UsefulLanguage,1)Constructivecriticism,accordingtoNancy,isnottocriticizethethingbuttheperson.2)Agoodexampleofchoosingwordswiselyiscallingapersonpig-headed.3)Youshouldtakecriticismpersonallytoavoidhavinghurtfeelings.,F,_,Script,F,_,F,_,Tony:Youmentionedmakingcriticismconstructive.Howcanwemakeitconstructive?Nancy:Thatsacrucialquestion.Youhavetomakesurenottocriticizethepersonhisorhercharacterbutratherthebehaviororevent.Tony:Forexample?Nancy:Dontcallsomeoneafooljustbecausehemessedupand,say,arrivedlate.Instead,directyourcriticismtotheproblem.Insuchacase,forinstance,youmightsay,“Sincewerestartinglate,wellneedtocutshortourlunchalittletogettoclassontime.”Tony:Igotit.Anythingelse?Nancy:Chooseyourwordswisely.,Objectives25,Script:,Objectives25,Tony:Yeah.Nokidding.Isohateitwhensomeonecallsmepig-headed.Nancy:Icanhearitinyourvoice.Theycouldcallyoustubborninstead,dontyouthink?Tony:Yeah,Icanacceptthatword.Andwhatdoyoumeanwhenyousaynottotakecriticismpersonally?Nancy:Ifcriticismisfreeofpersonalopinionorjudgment,soastoavoidhurtfeelings,thenthepersonbeingcriticizedcanmakeapositivechange.Heorshedoesnthavetogetdefensive.Criticismthatsapersonalattackcausespeopletowithdraw.Thatsnotconstructive.Itscounter-productive.Tony:Ah,understood.Socriticismcanbeadouble-edgedsword.Nancy:Exactly.Youhavetowatchyourstep.,1)HowcanwemakecriticismconstructiveaccordingtoNancy?2)WhatistheexampleNancygivesus?3)WhatelsedoesNancysuggestthatwedo?,Listentotheconversationagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.,Wearenotsupposedtocriticizethepersonhisorhercharacterbutratherthebehaviororevent.,_,4,Dontcallsomeoneafooljustbecausehemessedup.Instead,directyourcriticismtotheproblem.,_,Shesuggeststhatwechooseourwordswisely.,_,4)WhichworddoesNancysuggestthatwechoose,pig-headedorstubborn?,Stubborn.,_,5)WhatdoesNancymeanwhenshesaysnottotakecriticismpersonally?,Shemeansthatcriticismshouldbefreeofpersonalopinionorjudgmenttoavoidhurtfeelings.,_,GarrickiscriticizingLindatoherface.Listentotheirconversation,andthenanswerthequestionsbelowbychoosingthebestresponse.Gettingtoknowthefollowingusefullanguagefirstmightbehelpful.,chic/a.Youreoutofit.Sowhat?fashion/n.appearance/n.identity/n.,Script,5,时尚的你出局了。你被淘汰了。那又怎么样？时尚外貌身份,UsefulLanguage,Script:Garrick:OhLinda,Idowishyouwouldntwearsuchawfulclothes.Linda:ButGarrick,theyrereallychicatthemoment.Garrick:Ohyeah?Linda:Youretotallyoutofit.Amanofpoortaste.Garrick:Whatyourewearingdoesntsuityourage.Dontforgetwerecollegestudents.Linda:Sowhat?Itsthefashion.Garrick:Thisisthefashiononcampusthesedays?FirsttimeIveseenanythingofthekind!Linda:Haveyouhadyoureyescheckedrecently?Thisoutfitiseverywhere!,Objectives28,Garrick:Honestly,dontyouthinkyoushouldwatchoutforyourappearanceabitmore?Peoplemightwonderwhoyouare.Linda:Whatdoclotheshavetodowithmyidentity?WithwhoIam?Garrick:Inaway,youarewhatyouwear.Linda:Well,Ilikeitwhenpeoplelookatme.AndtheydowhenIwearthis.Soitmustlookgoodonme.Garrick:Thatswhatyouthink!TheymightgiveyouthesamefeedbackasIjusthave,ifyoudareask!Linda:IdowishyouwouldtakemeforwhoIaminsideandnotwhatIwear,Garrick.Thatswhattruefriendsdo.(Sigh)Mennosenseoffashion!,Objectives29,1)WhatisGarrickdoing?A)HeissayinggoodbyetoLinda.B)HeisaskingLindaforhelp.C)HeisshoppingwithLinda.2)WhatdoesLindacallGarrick?A)Amanofgoodbehavior.C)Amanofcharacter.D)Amanofhonesty.,Objectives30,D)HeiscriticizingLinda.,B)Amanofpoortaste.,3)WhydoesGarrickcallLindasclothesawful?Becausetheyaretooexpensive.C)Becausetheyareoutofdate.D)Becausetheyaretoosmall.4)WhatisGarrickremindingLindaof?Herhomework.B)Hercriticism.C)Herpromise.,Objectives31,B)Becausetheydontsuitherage.,D)Heridentity.,5)WhatdoesLindasresponsereveal?Misunderstanding.B)Understanding.D)Agreement.,Objectives32,C)Disagreement.,PartIIReading-main3,TextACriticism:DontTakeItPersonally,PartIIReading,TextBWorkingWithDifficultPeople,Exercises,Exercises,PracticalReading,PartIIReadingTextA,TextA1,Criticism:DontTakeItPersonallyT.J.Wallis1Criticismcomesinvariousformsandfromvarioussources.Itcouldcomefromyourparents,yourboss,yourfriends,oryourteachers.Nomatterwhomakesthenegativecommentsorhowtheyresaid,criticismstings.Wefeelhurt,wegetangry,andwegetdefensive!Butcriticismisntnecessarilyabadthing.AsauthorNormanVincentPealeoncesaid,“Thetroublewithmostofusisthatwewouldratherberuinedbypraisethansavedbycriticism.”2Thequestionisntifwewillbecriticized.Thequestionis:Howwillwehandleitwhenweare?,PartIIReadingTextA,TextA1,1)Doescriticismcomefromvarioussources?Whomdoescriticismcomefrom?,Yesitdoes.Criticismgenerallycomesfromyourparents,yourboss,yourfriends,oryourteachers.,2)Howdopeoplefeelwhentheyarecriticized?,Usuallytheyfeelhurt,theygetangry,andtheygetdefensive.,Question1,Paras.1-2ofTextAQuestionsaboutTheseParagraphs,3)WhatdidNormanVincentPealeoncesayaboutmostofus?,Mostofuswouldratherberuinedbypraisethansavedbycriticism.,批评有各种不同的形式和各种不同的来源。它可能来自你的父母、你的老板、你的朋友或你的老师。不管是谁做的消极评论或具体是怎么说的，批评都是让人心痛的。我们会感觉受到了伤害，我们会发怒，我们会变得有戒心！但批评未必是一个坏东西。正如作家诺曼文森特皮尔曾经说过的：“我们大多数人的问题在于我们宁愿被赞扬毁灭也不愿被批评拯救。”问题不是我们会不会受到批评。问题是：当我们受到批评时，我们将怎样对待它？,ChineseVersion,ChineseVersion,批评：不要把它看作是对你的人身攻击TJ沃利斯,Itcouldcomefromyourparents,yourboss,yourfriends,oryourteachers.它可能来自你的父母、你的老板、你的朋友或你的老师。本句中，could是情态动词而非实义动词过去式，不表示过去一般的能力，而表示对现在或将来的推测，表示可能性，用could使语气更委婉些。,Itcouldcome.,Notes,Thetroublewithmostofusisthatwewouldratherberuinedbypraisethansavedbycriticism.我们大多数人的问题在于我们宁愿被赞扬毁灭也不愿被批评拯救。wouldrather(dosth.)than(dosth.else)的句型表示“宁愿而不愿，与其宁可”的意思，than后接不带to的动词不定式。若than后面的动词相同，那么相同的部分可以省略。此句wouldratherberuinedbypraisethan(be)savedbycriticism中，省略了be。此外，使用wouldratherthan句型时要用“平行结构”，即在than的前后要用两个同类的词或词组，如两个名词、两个不定式、两个介词短语等。更多例子见Structure练习部分。,Thetroublewith.,Notes,Thequestionis:Howwillwehandleitwhenweare?问题是：当我们受到批评时，我们将怎样对待它？冒号通常用于对后面内容的介绍或解释。冒号之后的词可用大写或小写字母开头。如果冒号之后的词是另一个完整句子的开始，则用大写字母开头。反之，如果冒号之后的词只是句子的一部分，则用小写字母开头。本句子最后whenweare应视作whenwearecriticized的省略形式。,Thequestionis.,Notes,criticism/n.theactofexpressingdisapprovalorastatementshowingdisapproval批评,criticism,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Iacceptedhiscriticismofmybehavior.Benisverysensitive,hejustcanttakecriticism.,本是一个很敏感的人，他经不起批评。,我接受了他对我行为的批评。,personally,LanguagePoints,personally/ad.donebyyouandnotbysomeoneelse;usedwhenyougiveyouropinion亲自；作为个人；针对个人地；就个人而言,e.g.,ThesefiguresshouldbecorrectbecauseIvecheckedthempersonally.Idislikehimpersonally,butIadmirehisart.Personally,Ipreferthesecondoption.,我不喜欢他的为人，但我钦佩他的艺术。,这些数字应该正确，我亲自核对过。,就个人而言，我倾向第二种选择。,takesth.personally,LanguagePoints,takesth.personally:getupsetbythethingsotherpeoplesayordo,becauseyouthinkthattheirremarksorbehavioraredirectedatyouinparticular认为某事针对自己而不快,e.g.,Youmustnottakemyremarkspersonally.Thesearegeneralcriticismswhichshouldnotbetakenpersonally(=Theyarenotmeanttocriticizeanyonepersoninparticular).,这些是泛泛的批评，不针对任何具体个人。,你可不要把我的话看成是针对你个人的。,comment/n.spokenorwrittenremark(s)orobservation(s)asanexplanationorinpraiseorcriticism评论,comment,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Hemadenocommentonourproposal.Hemadeseveralfavorablecommentsabouttheircandidate.,他对他们的候选人发表了一些有利的评论。,他对我们的建议没有作评论。,sting/(stung,stung/)v.(ofaninsectorplant)totouchyourskinormakeaverysmallholeinitsothatyoufeelasharppain;makesomeonehurtwithasuddensharppain刺，螫，叮；刺痛；使痛苦,sting,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Abeestunghimontheback.Thesmokestungmyeyes.Hiswordsstungher.,烟熏得我眼睛痛。,一只蜜蜂螫了他的背。,他的话刺痛了她。,defensive/tectingsb./sth.againstattack;behavinginawaythatshowsyoufeelpeoplearecriticizingyou防卫的，防御的；怀有戒心的,defensive,LanguagePoints,e.g.,defensiveweaponsShebecameverydefensivewhenIaskedherhowmuchhernewcarhadcost.,我问她那辆新车花了多少钱时，她变得十分有戒心。,防御性武器,necessarily/ad.thatcannotbeavoided必然地；不可避免地,necessarily,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Warnecessarilycausesmiseryanddestruction.Lawsarenecessarilydifficulttochange.,法律必然难以改变。,战争必然造成痛苦和破坏。,notnecessarily,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Thericharenotnecessarilyhappy.Agoodbookdoesnotnecessarilysellwell.Learnedmenarenotnecessarilywise.,好书未必畅销。,有钱人未必快乐。,notnecessarily:possibly,butnotcertainly不一定，未必,博学者未必都是聪明的。,wouldratherdosth.thandosth.else:wouldprefertodosth.insteadofdoingsth.else宁愿做某事而不愿做另外的事,wouldratherdosth.thandosth.else,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Iwouldratherbelaughedatthanquarrelwithhim.Iwouldratherremainpoorthangetmoneybydishonestmeans.,我宁可安于贫穷，也不愿用不当手段赚钱。,我宁愿被嘲笑，也不愿和他吵架。,ruin,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Heruinedhisprospectsthroughcarelessness.Theheavyrainruinedourholiday.,大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。,他因疏忽大意而毁了自己的前途。,ruin/vt.destroy;completelyspoil毁灭；毁坏,praise,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Thisdoctorreceiveshighpraisefromeveryone.ImsureIdontdeservesomuchpraise.Theteacherpraisedherforhercourage.,我肯定自己不值得这么多赞扬。,这位医生受到所有人的高度赞扬。,praise/n.saythatyouadmireandapproveofsomeoneorsomething赞扬；表扬；称赞,老师赞扬了她的勇气。,criticize,LanguagePoints,e.g.,Hecriticizedherinaveryunfairway.Havingsaidhowmuchshelikedit,shethenproceededtocriticizethewayIddoneit.,她先表明她非常喜欢这个，然后批评我方法不当。,他极不公平地批评了她。,criticize/vt.giveanunfavorableopinion(aboutsb./sth.)批评,ALearningTool3WhenyourteachermakescorrectionsinthemarginofyourEnglishessay,whenyourparentsaysyourbedroomisntastidyasitshouldbe,whenyourbosssaysyouvemisfiledsomedocumentstheseareallcriticisms.Yourteacherisntattackingyoupersonally;shewantstohelpyouexpressyourselfbecausesheknowstheimportanceofpropergrammarinthebusinessworldyoumaysoonbeentering.Yourparentistryingtoteachyoutobemoreorganized.Yourbosswantsyoutobeabletofindthedocumentagainwithrelativeease.Allofthesecriticismshaveonepurposetoteachyousomething.,TextA2,1)Notesomeofthecriticismsmentionedinthisparagraph.,CriticismsarewhenyourteachermakescorrectionsinthemarginofyourEnglishessay,whenyourparentsaysyourbedroomisntastidyasitshouldbe,andwhenyourbosssaysyouvemisfiledsomedocuments.,2)Whatpurposedoallofthesecriticismshave?,Theyhaveonepurposetoteachyousomething.,3)WhydoesyourteacherwanttohelpyouexpressyourselfwhenshemakescorrectionsinthemarginofyourEnglishessay?,Becausesheknowstheimportanceofpropergrammarinthebusinessworldwemaysoonbeentering.,Question1.1,Para.3ofTextAQuestionsaboutThisParagraph,Question1.2,4)Whatisyourparenttryingtodowhenhe/shesaysyourbedroomisntastidyasitshouldbe?,He/sheistryingtoteachustobemoreorganized.,5)Whatdoesyourbosswantyoutobeabletodowhenhe/shesaysyouvemisfiledsomedocuments?,He/shewantsustobeabletofindthedocumentagainwithrelativeease.,一种学习工具当你的老师在你的英语文章边上进行修改时，当你的父母说你的卧室不整洁时，当你的老板说你把有些文件归错档时这些都是批评。你的老师并没有对你进行人身攻击；她想帮助你表达自己的思想，因为她知道在你可能很快就要进入的商界语法正确的重要性。你的父母是想教你做事更有条理。你的老板是想要你能够比较容易地再找到那份文件。所有这些批评都只有一个目的教给你某种东西。,ChineseVersion,ChineseVersion,他的二年级老师写道：“泰迪是个极好的学生，同学们都很喜欢他，但他很苦恼，因为他母亲病得很重，家里的生活肯定很艰难。”他的三年级老师写道：“他母亲的死对他打击很大。他想要竭尽自己的全力，但他的父亲没有表现出多大兴趣，如不采取一些措施，他的家庭生活将很快对他产生影响。”泰迪的四年级老师写道：“泰迪性格内向，对学业没有多少兴趣。他没有很多朋友，有时在上课时睡觉。,ChineseVersion,ChineseVersion,When,when,whentheseareallcriticisms.当时，当时，当时这些都是批评。句中破折号“”后面的分句用于解释或概括前面所列举的内容。,Whenwhenwhen,Notes,Allofthesecriticismshaveonepurposetoteachyousomething.所有这些批评都只有一个目的教给你某种东西。此句中的破折号用来表示和突出后面的同位语，即toteachyousomething。,Allofthesecriticisms,Notes,correction/n.actofcorrectingsth.改正，修改,correcti